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Álvarez-Herms J, González A, Corbi F, Odriozola I, Odriozola A. Possible relationship between the gut leaky syndrome and musculoskeletal injuries: the important role of gut microbiota as indirect modulator. AIMS Public Health 2023; 10:710-738. [PMID: 37842270 PMCID: PMC10567981 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2023049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to examine the evidence on the relationship between gut microbiota (GM), leaky gut syndrome and musculoskeletal injuries. Musculoskeletal injuries can significantly impair athletic performance, overall health, and quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that the state of the gut microbiota and the functional intestinal permeability may contribute to injury recovery. Since 2007, a growing field of research has supported the idea that GM exerts an essential role maintaining intestinal homeostasis and organic and systemic health. Leaky gut syndrome is an acquired condition where the intestinal permeability is impaired, and different bacteria and/or toxins enter in the bloodstream, thereby promoting systemic endotoxemia and chronic low-grade inflammation. This systemic condition could indirectly contribute to increased local musculoskeletal inflammation and chronificate injuries and pain, thereby reducing recovery-time and limiting sport performance. Different strategies, including a healthy diet and the intake of pre/probiotics, may contribute to improving and/or restoring gut health, thereby modulating both systemically as local inflammation and pain. Here, we sought to identify critical factors and potential strategies that could positively improve gut microbiota and intestinal health, and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries and its recovery-time and pain. In conclusion, recent evidences indicate that improving gut health has indirect consequences on the musculoskeletal tissue homeostasis and recovery through the direct modulation of systemic inflammation, the immune response and the nociceptive pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Álvarez-Herms
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Leioa, Spain
- Phymo Lab, Physiology, and Molecular laboratory, Spain
| | - Adriana González
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco Corbi
- Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Centre de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Lleida, Spain
| | - Iñaki Odriozola
- Health Department of Basque Government, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Adrian Odriozola
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080 Leioa, Spain
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2
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Akbari E, Beheshti F, Zarmehri HA, Mousavi SY, Gholami M, Ahmadi-Soleimani SM. Comparative investigation of analgesic tolerance to taurine, sodium salicylate and morphine: Involvement of peripheral muscarinic receptors. Neurosci Lett 2023; 795:137041. [PMID: 36586531 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.137041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays various analgesic medications are used for the management of acute and chronic pain. Among these opioid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs stand in the first line of therapy, however, prolonged administration of these substance is generally challenged by development of analgesic tolerance in patients. Therefore, it is highly valuable to find new pharmacological strategies for prolonged therapeutic procedures. In this respect, Taurine, a free amino acid, has been shown to induce significant analgesia at both spinal and peripheral levels through cholinergic mechanisms. In the present study, we used hot-plate analgesic test to investigate how taurine either as a single medication or in combination with sodium salicylate and morphine may affect both acute response to pain and development of analgesic tolerance. The effect of taurine was also tested on morphine withdrawal syndrome. Hyoscine butyl bromide was used to assess the role of muscarinic receptors in taurine-mediated effects. Finally, biochemical assay was done to reveal how the activity of brain acetylcholinesterase may change in relation with muscarinic receptor activity. Results indicated that acute administration of taurine-sodium salicylate combination causes more potent analgesia compared to the use of tau (but not SS alone) and this seems to be mediated via activity of muscarinic receptors in peripheral nervous system. Furthermore, the effect of this combination undergoes less analgesic tolerance during time. Combination of taurine and morphine is an effective strategy to attenuate both morphine analgesic tolerance and dependence and this also seems to depend on activity of muscarinic receptors, however through differential cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Deparment of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Deparment of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Hassan Azhdari Zarmehri
- Deparment of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Seyed Yousof Mousavi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kavosh Educational-Research Institute, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Masoumeh Gholami
- Deparment of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - S Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani
- Deparment of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
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Does diet play a role in reducing nociception related to inflammation and chronic pain? Nutrition 2019; 66:153-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yu X, Bao Y, Meng X, Wang S, Li T, Chang X, Xu W, Yang G, Bo T. Multi-pathway integrated adjustment mechanism of licorice flavonoids presenting anti-inflammatory activity. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4956-4963. [PMID: 31612007 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza, commonly known as licorice, is a herbal medicine that has been used for thousands of years. Licorice contains multiple flavonoids, which possess a variety of biological activities. On the basis of the anti-inflammatory effects of licorice flavonoids, the potential mechanism of action was investigated via a plasma metabolomics approach. A total of 9 differential endogenous metabolites associated with the therapeutic effect of licorice flavonoids were identified, including linoleic acid, sphingosine, tryptophanamide, corticosterone and leukotriene B4. Besides classical arachidonic acid metabolism, metabolism of sphingolipids, tryptophan and fatty acids, phospholipids synthesis, and other pathways were also involved. The multi-pathway integrated adjustment mechanism of licorice flavonoid action may reduce side effects in patients, along with any anti-inflammatory functions, which provides a foundation for identifying and developing novel, high-potential natural drugs with fewer side effects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Yongrui Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Xiansheng Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China.,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
| | - Tao Bo
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, P.R. China
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Shamsi Meymandi M, Sepehri G, Izadi G, Zamiri Z. Evidence for antinociceptive effects of combined administration of vitamin E and celecoxib in tail-flick and formalin test in male rats. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:457-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Glick NR, Fischer MH. Potential Benefits of Ameliorating Metabolic and Nutritional Abnormalities in People With Profound Developmental Disabilities. Nutr Metab Insights 2017; 10:1178638817716457. [PMID: 35185339 PMCID: PMC8855413 DOI: 10.1177/1178638817716457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: People with profound developmental disabilities have some of the most severe neurological impairments seen in society, have accelerated mortality due to huge medical challenges, and yet are often excluded from scientific studies. They actually have at least 2 layers of conditions: (1) the original disability and (2) multiple under-recognized and underexplored metabolic and nutritional imbalances involving minerals (calcium, zinc, and selenium), amino acids (taurine, tryptophan), fatty acids (linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, adrenic acid, Mead acid, plasmalogens), carnitine, hormones (insulinlike growth factor 1), measures of oxidative stress, and likely other substances and systems. Summary: This review provides the first list of metabolic and nutritional abnormalities commonly found in people with profound developmental disabilities and, based on the quality of life effects of similar abnormalities in neurotypical people, indicates the potential effects of these abnormalities in this population which often cannot communicate symptoms. Key messages: We propose that improved understanding and management of these disturbed mechanisms would enhance the quality of life of people with profound developmental disabilities. Such insights may also apply to people with other conditions associated with disability, including some diseases requiring stem cell implantation and living in microgravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norris R Glick
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Milton H Fischer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Simón-Arceo K, Contreras B, León-Olea M, Coffeen U, Jaimes O, Pellicer F. Inflammatory nociception responses do not vary with age, but diminish with the pain history. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:181. [PMID: 25120479 PMCID: PMC4112912 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Simón-Arceo
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Bernardo Contreras
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Martha León-Olea
- Departamento de Neuromorfología Funcional, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Ulises Coffeen
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Orlando Jaimes
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizTlalpan, México, D.F., México
- *Correspondence: Francisco Pellicer, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Integrativa, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14370, México, D.F., México e-mail:
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Lötsch J, Hummel T, Warskulat U, Coste O, Häussinger D, Geisslinger G, Tegeder I. Congenital taurine deficiency in mice is associated with reduced sensitivity to nociceptive chemical stimulation. Neuroscience 2013; 259:63-70. [PMID: 24321512 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid taurine is required for development and functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system where it exerts osmoregulatory, neuromodulatory and anti-apoptotic actions. It is subject to cellular import by the taurine transporter slc6a6. Absence of the transporter and consequently, absence of taurine leads to several neurologic deficits and sensory losses. In a slc6a6 knock-out mouse model, consequences of congenital taurine deficiency were assessed in nociceptive sensory processes. The formalin assay, hot plate assay, and summated generator potentials in response to local nociceptive stimulation with gaseous CO2 were applied. Reduced responsiveness of slc6a6(-/-) mice to nociceptive stimulation was observed in particular to chemical nociceptive stimuli. Scl6a6 knock-out mice spent significantly less time licking the formalin injected paw and displayed smaller amplitudes of the nociceptive nasal mucosa potentials than wild-type mice (p=0.002 and 0.01 respectively). In contrast, withdrawal latencies on a hot plate did not significantly differ, suggesting that intracellular taurine deficits lead in particular to a hyposensitivity of nociceptive sensory neurons sensitive to noxious chemical stimulation. As hereditary absence of taurine affects biological processes of anatomical structure development, the altered nociceptive responses likely reflect consequences of compromised peripheral nervous system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lötsch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute of Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology-Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - T Hummel
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - U Warskulat
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - O Coste
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Häussinger
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute of Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology-Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - I Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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