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Liu Y, Jia Z, Wang Y, Song Y, Yan L, Zhang C. Exploring the mechanisms of Huangqin Qingfei Decoction on acute lung injury by LC-MS combined network pharmacology analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155979. [PMID: 39208658 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a respiratory disease characterized by pulmonary inflammation and increased microvascular permeability, resulting in significant mortality and a lack of effective pharmacological treatment. Huangqin Qingfei Decoction (HQQFD), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription known for its heat-clearing and detoxifying properties, has shown efficacy in treating ALI. However, the underlying mechanisms of HQQFD to against ALI remain to be elucidated. PURPOSE This study aims to discover the mechanisms and the principal bioactive compounds contributing to HQQFD's protective effects in the treatment of ALI. METHODS An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS) method was employed to characterize the chemical profile in HQQFD and xenobiotics (prototypes and metabolites) in rat lung tissue. Based on prototypes identified, a symptom-guided pharmacological networks of ALI were performed. Molecular docking and extensive literature reviews were conducted to validate our findings. RESULTS A total of 105 compounds were identified in HQQFD, and a total of 194 HQQFD-related xenobiotics (30 prototypes and 163 metabolites) were detected in rat lung tissue. Based on prototypes identified in rat lung, a symptom-guided pharmacological networks of ALI were constructed, AKT1, TNF, EGFR, MMP2, GSK3B, STAT3, MAPK8, IL-6, CDK2 and TP53 were finally identified as key targets. Subsequently, 11 compounds with protective and therapeutic activity were selected by molecular docking analysis, including genipin 1-gentiobioside, chrysin-6-C-α-L-arabinoside-8-C-β-d-glucoside, scutellarin, chrysin-6-C-β-d-glucoside-8-C-α-L-arabinoside, 6''-O-[(E)-p-coumaroyl] genipin-gentiobioside, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, baicalin, dihydrobaicalin, wogonoside, crocin I, crocetin. Bioinformatics and literature analysis suggested that, baicalin, wogonoside, genipin 1-gentiobioside and crocetin may be the primary active compounds of HQQFD, potentially targeting GSK3B, MAPK8, IL-6, AKT1 and TNF for HQQFD in addressing ALI. The therapeutic effects of HQQFD may be mediated through the IL-17 and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The predominant components of HQQFD against ALI are baicalein, wogonoside, genipin 1-gentiobiosid and crocetin, with the IL-17 and PI3K-AKT pathways playing crucial roles. This study provides a foundational guide for future research and introduces innovative methods for exploring the mechanisms of other drug combinations or TCM formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhe Jia
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanan Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Liu R, Zhang X, Yan J, Liu S, Li Y, Wu G, Gao J. Penehyclidine hydrochloride alleviates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:207. [PMID: 38671448 PMCID: PMC11046774 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to examine how penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) impacts the occurrence of pyroptosis in lung tissue cells within a rat model of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Twenty-four Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 250 g to 270 g, were randomly distributed into three distinct groups as outlined below: a sham operation group (S group), a control group (C group), and a test group (PHC group). Rats in the PHC group received a preliminary intravenous injection of PHC at a dose of 3 mg/kg. At the conclusion of the experiment, lung tissue and blood samples were collected and properly stored for subsequent analysis. The levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and myeloperoxidase in the lung tissue, as well as IL-18 and IL-1β in the blood serum, were assessed using an Elisa kit. Pyroptosis-related proteins, including Caspase1 p20, GSDMD-N, and NLRP3, were detected through the western blot method. Additionally, the dry-to-wet ratio (D/W) of the lung tissue and the findings from the blood gas analysis were also documented. RESULTS In contrast to the control group, the PHC group showed enhancements in oxygenation metrics, reductions in oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, and a decrease in lung injury. Additionally, the PHC group exhibited lowered levels of pyroptosis-associated proteins, including the N-terminal segment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N), caspase-1p20, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). CONCLUSION Pre-administration of PHC has the potential to mitigate lung ischemia-reperfusion injuries by suppressing the pyroptosis of lung tissue cells, diminishing inflammatory reactions, and enhancing lung function. The primary mechanism behind anti-pyroptotic effect of PHC appears to involve the inhibition of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO. 215 of HePing West Road, Xinhua District Shijiazhuang, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Electron microscope room, Hebei Medical University, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Yongle Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Guangyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Jingui Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO. 215 of HePing West Road, Xinhua District Shijiazhuang, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Weng J, Liu D, Shi B, Chen M, Weng S, Guo R, Fu C. Penehyclidine hydrochloride protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by promoting the PI3K/Akt pathway. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231192175. [PMID: 37500500 PMCID: PMC10655789 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231192175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lung injury (ALI) attracted attention among physicians because of its high mortality. We aimed to determine whether the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is involved in the protective effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. METHODS H&E staining was used to observed pathological changes in the lung tissues. ELISA was used to evaluate the concentration of inflammatory mediators in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). White-light microscopy was performed to observe the TUNEL-positive nuclei. The viability of NR8383 alveolar macrophages was determined by using CCK-8. The levels of MPO, MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px were analyzed using ELISA kits. Western blotting was used to evaluate the ERS-associated protein levels and the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. RESULTS PHC administration defended against LPS-induced histopathological deterioration and increased pulmonary edema and lung injury scores, while all of these beneficial effects were inhibited by LY. In addition, PHC administration mitigated oxidative stress as indicated by decreases in lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and increases in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations. It also alleviated LPS-induced inflammation. PHC administration attenuated apoptosis-associated protein levels, improved cell viability, and decreased the number of TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells. Furthermore, PHC inhibited ERS-associated protein levels. Meanwhile, the protection of PHC against inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ERS was inhibited by LY. Moreover, PHC administration increased PI3K and Akt phosphorylation, indicating that the upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, while this pathway was inhibited by LY. CONCLUSION PHC significantly activates the PI3K/Akt pathway to ameliorate the extent of damage to pulmonary tissue, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ERS in LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Weng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Danjuan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Shuoyun Weng
- School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rongjie Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Chunjin Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
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Wang X, Liu F, Xu M, Wu L. Penehyclidine hydrochloride alleviates lipopolysaccharide‑induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in cells via regulating autophagy‑related pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:100. [PMID: 33300058 PMCID: PMC7723159 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute progressive hypoxic respiratory failure caused by various predisposing factors is known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC), an anticholinergic drug, is widely applied in clinical practice, the specific mechanisms underlying PHC in the treatment of ARDS are not completely understood. In the present study, BEAS-2B cells were treated with 10 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an ARDS cell model and a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI). The influences of PHC and/or autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine (3-MA)) on the morphology, autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis of cells and tissues were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence assays, ELISAs and scanning electron microscopy. The expression levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins were measured via western blotting. The results indicated that PHC enhanced proliferation and autophagy, and decreased apoptosis and the inflammatory response in LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells and ALI model rats. In addition, 3-MA reversed the effects of PHC on proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells. Therefore, the present study suggested that PHC demonstrated a protective effect in LPS-induced ARDS by regulating an autophagy-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Liangxia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Weng J, Chen M, Lin Q, Chen J, Wang S, Fang D. Penehyclidine hydrochloride defends against LPS-induced ALI in rats by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and promoting the Hes1/Notch1 pathway. Gene 2019; 721:144095. [PMID: 31476403 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) is a novel anticholinergic drug applied broadly in surgeries as a preanesthetic medication. A substantial amount of research indicates that PHC has lung defensive properties. Considering that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress exerts a crucial function in cell apoptosis associated with the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) model, we aimed to determine whether regulation of ER stress in the LPS-induced ALI model was associated with the lung defensive role of PHC. Adult male SD rats were administered LPS (5 mg/kg, intratracheally) followed by PHC (1.0 mg/kg, intravenously) for 24 h. The NR8383 alveolar macrophages were randomly separated into Sham, LPS (100 ng/mL), and PHC (1, 2.5, or 5 μg/mL) + LPS groups. PHC (1, 2.5, or 5 μg/mL) + LPS groups were treated with PHC alone for 1 h after LPS exposure. Posttreatment with PHC relieved LPS-induced pulmonary impairment and blocked LPS-mediated lung apoptosis, indicated by the downregulation of the lung apoptotic indicators malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in serum at 24 h after LPS-induced ALI. PHC (1-5 μg/mL) did not influence the activity of cultivated NR8383 alveolar macrophages in vitro. However, postconditioning with PHC dosage-dependently reduced LPS-mediated cell apoptosis. Additionally, many studies have indicated that PHC administration inhibits ER stress and initiates hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1)/(Notch1) signaling by decreasing phosphorylated α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and Phospho-protein kinase R-like ER kinase (p-PERK)/ protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) proportions; inhibiting C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), caspase-3, and Bcl2-associated x (Bax) activity; and enhancing notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), Notch1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and Hes1 activity in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the defensive functions of PHC on LPS-activated NR8383 alveolar macrophages were abrogated through the Notch1 pathway antagonist [(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-1-alanyl] -phenylglycine-butyl ester (DAPT). In conclusion, PHC alleviates LPS-induced ALI by ameliorating ER stress-mediated apoptosis and promoting Hes1/Notch1 signaling in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Weng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Qunying Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - ShanZuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Dexiang Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China.
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Ye S, Yang X, Wang Q, Chen Q, Ma Y. Penehyclidine Hydrochloride Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Ameliorating Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Surg Res 2019; 245:344-353. [PMID: 31425874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC), a novel anticholinergic reagent, has been shown to exert anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), antioxidant, and antiinflammation functions in various rat models. However, the definite pathogenesis of lung defensive roles of PHC remains unclear. This study measured the functions of PHC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. METHODS In this research, the LPS-induced ALI model was assessed through the branchial injection of LPS for 24 h. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups: sham, LPS, LPS + PHC (0.5 mg/kg), LPS + PHC (1 mg/kg), and LPS + PHC (2.5 mg/kg). The concentrations of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, and glutathione peroxidase were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry analysis. Western blotting, real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to determine the ERS-associated protein levels and mRNA expression. The protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were used to measure lung tissue apoptosis. RESULTS The results revealed that PHC administration inhibited LPS-induced ALI as indicated by the loss in the ratio of injury production evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining, in particular the lung sample sections, compared with the LPS group. PHC administration inhibited LPS-induced lung myeloperoxidase and serum concentrations of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in rats. PHC administration repressed the LPS-activated ERS-correlated pathway and apoptosis-associated protein levels in rats. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings indicated that PHC has a defensive effect on LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting oxidative stress, attenuating PERK and ATF6 signals, and suppressing ERS-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobing Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiansong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongda Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Kong Q, Wu X, Duan W, Zhan L, Song X. Penehyclidine hydrochloride exerts protective effects in rats with acute lung injury via the Fas/FasL signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3598-3606. [PMID: 30988742 PMCID: PMC6447765 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical syndrome that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The activation of the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) signaling pathway may be an important pathophysiological mechanism during ALI development. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) has been revealed to exhibit anti-apoptotic properties and may attenuate the observed systemic inflammatory response. The present study was performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of PHC in the regulation of the Fas/FasL signaling pathway in rats with ALI. An ALI rat model was constructed by inducing blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock (T/HS), with PHC administration prior to or following T/HS. At 6 h following T/HS, blood samples and lung tissues were collected. Western blotting, arterial blood gas analysis, ELISA, hematoxylin and eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining and biochemical indicator analysis were performed to determine the degree of lung injury and the key signaling pathways associated with lung damage. The results indicated that the administration of PHC following T/HS effectively attenuates lung injury by improving pulmonary oxygenation, decreasing histopathological damage, decreasing polymorphonuclear neutrophil count and decreasing Fas, FasL, caspase-8, caspase-3, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β expression. The results indicated that PHC exhibits anti-apoptotic functions and exerts protective effects in ALI rats induced by T/HS, which may be attributed to the inhibition of the Fas/FasL signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Weina Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Liying Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xuemin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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