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Gorini F, Tonacci A. Vitamin D: An Essential Nutrient in the Dual Relationship between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Celiac Disease-A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1762. [PMID: 38892695 PMCID: PMC11174782 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are among the most frequent autoimmune disorders, with a multifactorial etiology in which both genetic and environmental determinants are probably involved. Celiac disease (CeD) also represents a public concern, given its increasing prevalence due to the recent improvement of screening programs, leading to the detection of silent subtypes. The two conditions may be closely associated due to common risk factors, including genetic setting, changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota, and deficiency of nutrients like vitamin D. This comprehensive review discussed the current evidence on the pivotal role of vitamin D in modulating both gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune system dysfunction, shedding light on the possible relevance of an adequate intake of this nutrient in the primary prevention of AITD and CeD. While future technology-based strategies for proper vitamin D supplementation could be attractive in the context of personalized medicine, several issues remain to be defined, including standardized assays for vitamin D determination, timely recommendations on vitamin D intake for immune system functioning, and longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials to definitely establish a causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the onset of AITD and CeD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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Wanyi Z, Jiao Y, Wen H, Bin X, Xuefei W, Lan J, Liuyin Z. Bidirectional communication of the gut-brain axis: new findings in Parkinson's disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1407241. [PMID: 38854967 PMCID: PMC11157024 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1407241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are the two chronic inflammatory diseases that are increasingly affecting millions of people worldwide, posing a major challenge to public health. PD and IBD show similarities in epidemiology, genetics, immune response, and gut microbiota. Here, we review the pathophysiology of these two diseases, including genetic factors, immune system imbalance, changes in gut microbial composition, and the effects of microbial metabolites (especially short-chain fatty acids). We elaborate on the gut-brain axis, focusing on role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of PD and IBD. In addition, we discuss several therapeutic strategies, including drug therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, and probiotic supplementation, and their potential benefits in regulating intestinal microecology and relieving disease symptoms. Our analysis will provide a new understanding and scientific basis for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wanyi
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Nursing, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Huang Wen
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Bin
- Outpatient Department, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Xuefei
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Lan
- Outpatient Department, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Liuyin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongging University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Thomasi B, Valdetaro L, Ricciardi MC, Gonçalves de Carvalho M, Fialho Tavares I, Tavares-Gomes AL. Enteric glia as a player of gut-brain interactions during Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1281710. [PMID: 38027511 PMCID: PMC10644407 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1281710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The enteric glia has been shown as a potential component of neuroimmune interactions that signal in the gut-brain axis during Parkinson's disease (PD). Enteric glia are a peripheral glial type found in the enteric nervous system (ENS) that, associated with enteric neurons, command various gastrointestinal (GI) functions. They are a unique cell type, with distinct phenotypes and distribution in the gut layers, which establish relevant neuroimmune modulation and regulate neuronal function. Comprehension of enteric glial roles during prodromal and symptomatic phases of PD should be a priority in neurogastroenterology research, as the reactive enteric glial profile, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and colonic inflammation have been verified during the prodromal phase of PD-a moment that may be interesting for interventions. In this review, we explore the mechanisms that should govern enteric glial signaling through the gut-brain axis to understand pathological events and verify the possible windows and pathways for therapeutic intervention. Enteric glia directly modulate several functional aspects of the intestine, such as motility, visceral sensory signaling, and immune polarization, key GI processes found deregulated in patients with PD. The search for glial biomarkers, the investigation of temporal-spatial events involving glial reactivity/signaling, and the proposal of enteric glia-based therapies are clearly demanded for innovative and intestine-related management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Luisa Valdetaro
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria Carolina Ricciardi
- Neuroglial Interaction Lab, Neuroscience Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Isabela Fialho Tavares
- Neuroglial Interaction Lab, Neurobiology Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Tavares-Gomes
- Neuroglial Interaction Lab, Neuroscience Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
- Neuroglial Interaction Lab, Neurobiology Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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Genome-wide siRNA screening reveals several host receptors for the binding of human gut commensal Bifidobacterium bifidum. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:50. [PMID: 35768415 PMCID: PMC9243078 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium spp. are abundant gut commensals, especially in breast-fed infants. Bifidobacteria are associated with many health-promoting effects including maintenance of epithelial barrier and integrity as well as immunomodulation. However, the protective mechanisms of bifidobacteria on intestinal epithelium at molecular level are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a high-throughput in vitro screening assay to explore binding receptors of intestinal epithelial cells for Bifidobacterium bifidum. Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) were used to silence expression of each gene in the Caco-2 cell line one by one. The screen yielded four cell surface proteins, SERPINB3, LGICZ1, PKD1 and PAQR6, which were identified as potential receptors as the siRNA knock-down of their expression decreased adhesion of B. bifidum to the cell line repeatedly during the three rounds of siRNA screening. Furthermore, blocking of these host cell proteins by specific antibodies decreased the binding of B. bifidum significantly to Caco-2 and HT29 cell lines. All these molecules are located on the surface of epithelial cells and three out of four, SERPINB3, PKD1 and PAQR6, are involved in the regulation of cellular processes related to proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis as well as inflammation and immunity. Our results provide leads to the first steps in the mechanistic cascade of B. bifidum-host interactions leading to regulatory effects in the epithelium and may partly explain how this commensal bacterium is able to promote intestinal homeostasis.
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Liu C, Yang J. Enteric Glial Cells in Immunological Disorders of the Gut. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:895871. [PMID: 35573829 PMCID: PMC9095930 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.895871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are one of the major cell types of neural crest lineage distributed in the gastrointestinal tract. EGCs represent an integral part of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and significantly outnumber ENS neurons. Studies have suggested that EGCs would exert essential roles in supporting the survival and functions of the ENS neurons. Notably, recent evidence has begun to reveal that EGCs could possess multiple immune functions and thereby may participate in the immune homeostasis of the gut. In this review article, we will summarize the current evidence supporting the potential involvement of EGCs in several important immunological disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and autoimmune enteropathy. Further, we highlight critical questions on the immunological aspects of EGCs that warrant future research attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Yang
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Fu Z, Yang H, Xiao Y, Wang X, Yang C, Lu L, Wang W, Lyu W. Ileal Microbiota Alters the Immunity Statues to Affect Body Weight in Muscovy Ducks. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844102. [PMID: 35222437 PMCID: PMC8866836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ileum is mainly responsible for food absorption and nutrients transportation. The microbes in its intestinal lumen play an essential role in the growth and health of the host. However, it is still unknown how the ileal microbes affect the body weight of the host. In this study, we used Muscovy ducks as an animal model to investigate the relationship between the ileal microbes and body weight and further explore the potential mechanism. The ileum tissue and ileal contents of 200 Muscovy ducks were collected for mRNA extraction and real-time quantitative PCR, as well as DNA separation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. With body weight being ranked, the bottom 20% (n = 40) and top 20% (n = 40) were set as the low and high groups, respectively. Our results showed that in the ileum of Muscovy ducks, the Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant phyla with the 10 most abundant genera, namely Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Vibrio, Romboutsia, Cetobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Terrisporobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, and Lactobacillus. We identified Streptococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Oscillospira were closely correlated to the growth of Muscovy ducks. Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella were negatively related to body weight (BW), while Candidatus Arthromitus, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Oscillospira were positively associated with BW. In addition, we found that the relative expression levels of tight junction proteins (Claudin 1, Claudin 2, ZO-1 and ZO-2) in the high group showed an upward trend, although this trend was not significant (P > 0.05). The expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-2 and TNF-α) decreased in the high group, while the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 increased. Of course, except IL-2, these differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Finally, the correlation analysis showed that Escherichia-Shigella was significantly positively correlated with IL-1β (P < 0.05). These findings may provide fundamental data for the development of next-generation probiotics and assist the development of strategies for changing the gut microbiota to promote the growth performance in the duck industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,College of Animal Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Nutraceuticals and Enteric Glial Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123762. [PMID: 34205534 PMCID: PMC8234579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, glia were considered to be a structural support for neurons, however further investigations showed that glial cells are equally as important as neurons. Among many different types of glia, enteric glial cells (EGCs) found in the gastrointestinal tract, have been significantly underestimated, but proved to play an essential role in neuroprotection, immune system modulation and many other functions. They are also said to be remarkably altered in different physiopathological conditions. A nutraceutical is defined as any food substance or part of a food that provides medical or health benefits, including prevention and treatment of the disease. Following the description of these interesting peripheral glial cells and highlighting their role in physiological and pathological changes, this article reviews all the studies on the effects of nutraceuticals as modulators of their functions. Currently there are only a few studies available concerning the effects of nutraceuticals on EGCs. Most of them evaluated molecules with antioxidant properties in systemic conditions, whereas only a few studies have been performed using models of gastrointestinal disorders. Despite the scarcity of studies on the topic, all agree that nutraceuticals have the potential to be an interesting alternative in the prevention and/or treatment of enteric gliopathies (of systemic or local etiology) and their associated gastrointestinal conditions.
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Wang X, Jia Y, Wen L, Mu W, Wu X, Liu T, Liu X, Fang J, Luan Y, Chen P, Gao J, Nguyen KA, Cui J, Zeng G, Lan P, Chen Q, Cheng B, Wang Z. Porphyromonas gingivalis Promotes Colorectal Carcinoma by Activating the Hematopoietic NLRP3 Inflammasome. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2745-2759. [PMID: 34003774 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a keystone periodontal pathogen associated with various digestive cancers. However, whether P. gingivalis can promote colorectal cancer and the underlying mechanism associated with such promotion remains unclear. In this study, we found that P. gingivalis was enriched in human feces and tissue samples from patients with colorectal cancer compared with those from patients with colorectal adenoma or healthy subjects. Cohort studies demonstrated that P. gingivalis infection was associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. P. gingivalis increased tumor counts and tumor volume in the ApcMin/+ mouse model and increased tumor growth in orthotopic rectal and subcutaneous carcinoma models. Furthermore, orthotopic tumors from mice exposed to P. gingivalis exhibited tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell recruitment and a proinflammatory signature. P. gingivalis promoted colorectal cancer via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro and in vivo. NLRP3 chimeric mice harboring orthotopic tumors showed that the effect of NLRP3 on P. gingivalis pathogenesis was mediated by hematopoietic sources. Collectively, these data suggest that P. gingivalis contributes to colorectal cancer neoplasia progression by activating the hematopoietic NLRP3 inflammasome. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that the periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis can promote colorectal tumorigenesis by recruiting myeloid cells and creating a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/10/2745/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqun Jia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Stomatology Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liling Wen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Mu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangqi Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Fang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhao Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinlong Gao
- Institute of Dental Research, Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ky-Anh Nguyen
- Institute of Dental Research, Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jun Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gucheng Zeng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu W, Zhou T, Tian J, Yu X, Ren C, Cao Z, Hou P, Zhang Q, Li A. Role of GDNF, GFRα1 and GFAP in a Bifidobacterium-Intervention Induced Mouse Model of Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:795678. [PMID: 35096711 PMCID: PMC8796853 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.795678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), GDNF family receptor alpha 1 (GFRα1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) on colonic motility in a mouse model of intestinal neuronal dysplasia by intervention with Bifidobacterium and to explore the influence of Bifidobacterium on enteric glial cells (EGCs). METHODS Western blotting and qRT-PCR were employed to detect the expression of GFRα1 and GFAP in colonic tissues of mice with or without Tlx2 mutations, and ELISA was used to detect the expression of GDNF in serum. IHC was used to detect the appearance of the ganglion cells. Subsequently, Tlx2 homozygous mutant (Tlx2-/-) mice were treated with Bifidobacterium. Colonic motility was measured before and after intervention by measuring the glass bead expelling time. The variations in abdominal circumference and GDNF, GFRα1, and GFAP expression were measured. In addition, 16SrRNA gene sequencing was performed to detect the abundance of the intestinal microbiota. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression of GFRα1 and GFAP was decreased in the colonic tissues of Tlx2-/- mice and GDNF expression was decreased in serum compared with Tlx2+/- and WT mice. After confirming the colonization of Bifidobacterium by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the expelling time and abdominal distension were ameliorated, and the expression of GFAP, GDNF, and GFRα1 was increased. CONCLUSIONS The expression of GDNF, GFRα1, and GFAP is associated with colonic motility. The altered expression of EGC-related factors suggested that Bifidobacterium may be involved in the EGC activation process. The amelioration of IND symptoms after intervention with Bifidobacterium prompted the elicitation of adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinqiu Tian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuantao Ren
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Zengcai Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peimin Hou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiangye Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aiwu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Gong B, Wang C, Meng F, Wang H, Song B, Yang Y, Shan Z. Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:774362. [PMID: 34867823 PMCID: PMC8635774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.774362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is characterized by thyroid dysfunction and deficits in the autoimmune system. Growing attention has been paid toward the field of gut microbiota over the last few decades. Several recent studies have found that gut microbiota composition in patients with AITD has altered, but no studies have conducted systematic reviews on the association between gut microbiota and ATID. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases without language restrictions and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight studies, including 196 patients with AITD. RESULTS The meta-analysis showed that the alpha diversity and abundance of certain gut microbiota were changed in patients with AITD compared to the controls. Chao1,the index of the microflora richness, was increased in the Hashimoto's thyroiditis group compared to controls (SMD, 0.68, 95%CI: 0.16 to 1.20), while it was decreased in the Graves' disease group (SMD, -0.87, 95%CI: -1.46 to -0.28). In addition, we found that some beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were decreased in the AITD group, and harmful microbiota like Bacteroides fragilis was significantly increased compared with the controls. Furthermore, the percentage of relevant abundance of other commensal bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae was increased compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates an association between AITD and alteration of microbiota composition at the family, genus, and species levels. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021251557.
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