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Manginstar CO, Tallei TE, Niode NJ, Salaki CL, Hessel SS. Therapeutic potential of propolis in alleviating inflammatory response and promoting wound healing in skin burn. Phytother Res 2024; 38:856-879. [PMID: 38084816 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Burns can cause inflammation and delayed healing, necessitating alternative therapies due to the limitations of conventional treatments. Propolis, a natural bee-produced substance, has shown promise in facilitating burn healing. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of propolis' mechanisms of action, wound-healing properties, and its application in treating skin burns. Propolis contains bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising candidate for managing skin burn injuries. It helps prevent infections, neutralize harmful free radicals, and promote a well-balanced inflammatory response. Moreover, propolis aids in wound closure, tissue regeneration, collagen synthesis, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis, contributing to tissue regeneration and remodeling. The article discusses various propolis extracts, extraction methods, chemical composition, and optimized formulations like ointments and creams for burn wound treatment. Considerations regarding dosage and safety are addressed. Further research is needed to fully understand propolis' mechanisms, determine optimal formulations, and establish suitable clinical dosages. Nevertheless, propolis' natural origin and demonstrated benefits make it a compelling avenue for burn care exploration, potentially complementing existing therapies and improving burn management outcomes.
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Grants
- 158/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2023 Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Engagement at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia
- 1803/UN12.13/LT/2023 Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Engagement at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Oktavianus Manginstar
- Entomology Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Christina Leta Salaki
- Plant Protection Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Sofia Safitri Hessel
- Indonesia Biodiversity and Biogeography Research Institute (INABIG), Bandung, Indonesia
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Asri N, Fallah S, Rostami-Nejad M, Fallah Z, Khanlari-Kochaksaraei M, Jafari-Marandi S, Forouzesh F, Shahrokh S, Jahani-Sherafat S, Zali MR. The role of mir-197-3p in regulating the tight junction permeability of celiac disease patients under gluten free diet. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2007-2014. [PMID: 36536183 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a hereditary immune-mediated disorder, which is along with the enormous production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the reduced level of tight junction proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, miR-122-5p and miR-197-3p genes in duodenal biopsies of treated CD patients in comparison to the controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Biopsy specimens were taken from the duodenum of 50 treated CD patients (36 (72%) females and 14 (28%) males with mean age of 37.06 ± 7.02 years) and 50 healthy controls (17 (34%) females and 33 (66%) males with mean age of 34.12 ± 4.9). Total RNA was isolated, cDNA was synthesized and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, miR-122-5p and miR-197-3p were quantified by relative qPCR using B2M and U6 as internal control genes. All data were evaluated using SPSS (V.21) and GraphPad Prism (V.5). Our results showed that there was no significant difference between patients and controls for intestinal mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, and miR-122-5p (p > 0.05) and the expression of miR-197-3p was significantly increased in CD patients relative to control subjects (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION This study suggests that adherence to GFD may have a positive effect on the tight junction (TJ) permeability and in this process, miR-197-3p plays an important role. Increased expression of miR-197-3p with a final protective effect on Occludin expression can be further studied as a complement therapeutic target for Celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Asri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Fallah
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Fallah
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khanlari-Kochaksaraei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayeh Jafari-Marandi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Flora Forouzesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Shahrokh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
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Zulhendri F, Lesmana R, Tandean S, Christoper A, Chandrasekaran K, Irsyam I, Suwantika AA, Abdulah R, Wathoni N. Recent Update on the Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Propolis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238473. [PMID: 36500579 PMCID: PMC9740431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research has demonstrated the efficacy propolis as a potential raw material for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. There is limited report detailing the mechanisms of action of propolis and its bioactive compounds in relation to their anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of the present review is to examine the latest experimental evidence (2017-2022) regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis. A systematic scoping review methodology was implemented. After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 166 research publications were identified and retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed. Several key themes related to the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis were subsequently identified, namely in relation to cancers, oral health, metabolic syndrome, organ toxicity and inflammation, immune system, wound healing, and pathogenic infections. Based on the latest experimental evidence, propolis is demonstrated to possess various mechanisms of action in modulating inflammation towards the regulatory balance and anti-inflammatory environment. In general, we summarize that propolis acts as an anti-inflammatory substance by inhibiting and downregulating TLR4, MyD88, IRAK4, TRIF, NLRP inflammasomes, NF-κB, and their associated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Propolis also reduces the migration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, possibly by downregulating the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Zulhendri
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe 22171, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Steven Tandean
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Andreas Christoper
- Postgraduate Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Ilham Irsyam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
| | - Auliya A. Suwantika
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Research Center of Biopolymers for Drug and Cosmetic Delivery, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
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Magnavacca A, Sangiovanni E, Racagni G, Dell'Agli M. The antiviral and immunomodulatory activities of propolis: An update and future perspectives for respiratory diseases. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:897-945. [PMID: 34725836 PMCID: PMC9298305 DOI: 10.1002/med.21866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a complex natural product that possesses antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties mainly attributed to the high content in flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their derivatives. The chemical composition of propolis is multifarious, as it depends on the botanical sources from which honeybees collect resins and exudates. Nevertheless, despite this variability propolis may have a general pharmacological value, and this review systematically compiles, for the first time, the existing preclinical and clinical evidence of propolis activities as an antiviral and immunomodulatory agent, focusing on the possible application in respiratory diseases. In vitro and in vivo assays have demonstrated propolis broad‐spectrum effects on viral infectivity and replication, as well as the modulatory actions on cytokine production and immune cell activation as part of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Clinical trials confirmed propolis undeniable potential as an effective therapeutic agent; however, the lack of rigorous randomized clinical trials in the context of respiratory diseases is tangible. Since propolis is available as a dietary supplement, possible use for the prevention of respiratory diseases and their deleterious inflammatory drawbacks on the respiratory tract in humans is considered and discussed. This review opens up new perspectives on the clinical investigation of neglected propolis biological properties which, now more than ever, are particularly relevant with respect to the recent outbreaks of pandemic respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Magnavacca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Racagni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Yosri N, Abd El-Wahed AA, Ghonaim R, Khattab OM, Sabry A, Ibrahim MAA, Moustafa MF, Guo Z, Zou X, Algethami AFM, Masry SHD, AlAjmi MF, Afifi HS, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR. Anti-Viral and Immunomodulatory Properties of Propolis: Chemical Diversity, Pharmacological Properties, Preclinical and Clinical Applications, and In Silico Potential against SARS-CoV-2. Foods 2021; 10:1776. [PMID: 34441553 PMCID: PMC8391193 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a resin produced by honeybees, has long been used as a dietary supplement and folk remedy, and more recent preclinical investigations have demonstrated a large spectrum of potential therapeutic bioactivities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antiviral properties. As an antiviral agent, propolis and various constituents have shown promising preclinical efficacy against adenoviruses, influenza viruses, respiratory tract viruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Over 300 chemical components have been identified in propolis, including terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, with the specific constituent profile varying widely according to geographic origin and regional flora. Propolis and its constituents have demonstrated potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 by modulating multiple pathogenic and antiviral pathways. Molecular docking studies have demonstrated high binding affinities of propolis derivatives to multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including 3C-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S-protein), and helicase (NSP13), as well as to the viral target angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Among these compounds, retusapurpurin A has shown high affinity to 3CLpro (ΔG = -9.4 kcal/mol), RdRp (-7.5), RBD (-7.2), NSP13 (-9.4), and ACE2 (-10.4) and potent inhibition of viral entry by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues within viral and human target proteins. In addition, propolis-derived baccharin demonstrated even higher binding affinity towards PLpro (-8.2 kcal/mol). Measures of drug-likeness parameters, including metabolism, distribution, absorption, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics, also support the potential of propolis as an effective agent to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Yosri
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Aida A. Abd El-Wahed
- Department of Bee Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza 12627, Egypt;
| | - Reem Ghonaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Omar M. Khattab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Aya Sabry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud F. Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
| | | | - Saad H. D. Masry
- Department of Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
- Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Al Ain 52150, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed F. AlAjmi
- Pharmacognosy Group, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hanan S. Afifi
- Food Research Section, R&D Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, The Wenner-Gren Institute, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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Yin X, Qiu Y, Li Z, Guo L, Wei H, Liu B, Zhou M, Li T, Wang L, Jiang W, Bi H, Guo D. Longdan Xiegan Decoction alleviates experimental autoimmune uveitis in rats by inhibiting Notch signaling pathway activation and Th17 cell differentiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111291. [PMID: 33493870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the dynamic effects of the traditional Chinese medicine compound Longdan Xiegan Decoction (LXD) on the inhibition of Notch signaling pathway activation and T helper (Th) cell differentiation in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Based on a network pharmacology strategy, we conducted protein interaction network analysis to construct an active ingredient-disease treatment network. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were further used to screen out the possible signaling pathways regulated by LXD in the treatment of uveitis. In the subsequent functional studies, we established an EAU rat model and investigated the regulatory role of LXD in the Notch signaling pathway and Th cell differentiation in rats with EAU. Female Lewis rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, an EAU group, and an LXD group. After the induction of EAU, the ocular inflammation and pathological changes in the rats in each group were observed; for documentation, a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) was used to observe fundus inflammation on day 12 after immunization. Additionally, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of Notch1, DLL4, IL-10 and IL-17A in the spleen, lymph nodes and ocular tissues of each group at 0, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 days after immunization. In addition, the dynamic frequencies of the CD4+, CD8+, Th17 and Treg cell subsets in the spleen, lymph nodes and ocular tissues were measured by flow cytometry. We found that the Notch signaling pathway was activated and the Th17 frequency was elevated in rats with EAU, leading to disrupted CD4+/CD8+ and Th17/Treg balance. The expression of Notch1, DLL4 and IL-17 mRNA and proteins in the EAU and LXD groups reached a peak on day 12, and then gradually decreased (all P < 0.05), and the ratios of the CD4+/CD8+ and Th17/Treg also peaked on day 12. However, after treatment with LXD, the expression of Notch1, DLL4 and IL-17 mRNA and proteins was significantly decreased (all P < 0.05), and the CD4+/CD8+ and Th17/Treg ratios significantly gradually returns to balance. LXD can efficiently inhibit Th17 cell differentiation, decrease inflammatory cytokine expression, and restore the CD4+/CD8+ and Th17/Treg balance by inhibiting the activation of the Notch signaling pathway in rats with EAU, thus effectively alleviating eye inflammation, protecting eye tissue structures, and positively regulating the immune state of the whole body and the intraocular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Zonghong Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Lijie Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Linyi People's Hospital, No. 27#, Jiefang Road, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Mengxian Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Tuling Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Lihan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China.
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Aberrant up-regulation of iNOS/NO system is correlated with an increased abundance of Foxp3+ cells and reduced effector/memory cell markers expression during colorectal cancer: immunomodulatory effects of cetuximab combined with chemotherapy. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:685-700. [PMID: 30680650 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Touri K, Belguendouz H, Medjeber O, Djeraba Z, Lahmar K, Touil-Boukoffa C. Propolis modulates NOS2/arginase-1 pathway in tropomyosin-induced experimental autoimmune uveitis. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:1293-1303. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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