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Lima Bezerra JJ, Vieira Pinheiro AA, Melo Coutinho HD. Phytochemical and ethnomedicinal evidences of the use of Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze against infectious diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118304. [PMID: 38723917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Popularly known as "penicilina" and "terramicina", Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and stands out for its ethnomedicinal uses in the treatment of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in some countries. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to carry out a literature review and analyze whether the scientific evidence really validates the numerous indications for the use of A. brasiliana in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases. Phytochemical and toxicological studies related to this species were also analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Scientific documents were retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed®, ScienceDirect®, SciELO, SpringerLink®, Scopus®, and Web of Science™ databases. The literature was reviewed from the first report on the antimicrobial activity of A. brasiliana in 1994 until April 2024. RESULTS According to the scientific documents analyzed, it was observed that A. brasiliana is widely used as a natural antibiotic for the treatment of infectious diseases in Brazil, mainly in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso, and Minas Gerais. Its ethnomedicinal uses have also been reported in other countries such as Colombia and India. The leaves (78%) of A. brasiliana are the main parts used in the preparation of herbal medicines by traditional communities. Several A. brasiliana extracts showed low activity when evaluated against pathogens, including gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, parasitic protozoa, and fungi. Only two studies reported that extracts from this plant showed high activity against the herpes simplex virus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Candida albicans. Phytochemicals belonging to the classes of phenolic compounds and flavonoid (52%), saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (33%), steroids and phytosterols (8%), terpenoids (5%), and fatty alcohol esters (2%) were identified in A. brasiliana. Toxicity (in vivo) and cytotoxicity (in vitro) studies of polar and non-polar extracts obtained from A. brasiliana leaves indicated that this plant is biologically safe. CONCLUSION Despite being widely used as a natural antibiotic by traditional communities, scientific investigations related to the antimicrobial potential of A. brasiliana extracts have indicated inactivity against several pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jailson Lima Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botânica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Anderson Angel Vieira Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de Formação de Professores, Rua Sérgio Moreira de Figueiredo s/n, Casas Populares, 58900-000 Cajazeiras, PB, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology-LMBM, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato, 63105-000, CE, Brazil.
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Shang L, Wang S, Mao Y. Recent advances in plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds in tissue engineering: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133830. [PMID: 39002914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
As a natural three-dimensional biopolymer, decellularized plant-derived scaffolds usually comprise various polysaccharides, mostly cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose. They are characterized by natural biocompatibility and porous structures. The emergence of decellularized purified polysaccharide scaffolds provides an attractive method to overcome the challenges associated with nutrient delivery and biocompatibility, as they serve as optimal non-immune environments for stem cell adhesion and proliferation. To date, limited corresponding literature is available to systemically summarize the development and potential of these scaffolds in tissue engineering. Therefore, the current review summarized the biomimetic properties of plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds and the latest progress in tissue engineering applications. This review first discusses the advantages of decellularized plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds by briefly introducing their features and current limitations in clinical applications. Subsequently, the latest progress in emerging applications of regenerative biomaterials is reviewed, followed by a discussion of the studies on the interactions of biomaterials with cells and tissues. Finally, challenges in obtaining reliable scaffolds and possible future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yingji Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
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Ming GX, Liu JY, Wu YH, Li LY, Ma XY, Liu P, Pan YP, He XN, Li YH. Strictosamide promotes wound healing through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30169. [PMID: 38699022 PMCID: PMC11064450 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nauclea officinalis, as a Chinese medicine in Hainan province, had the effect of treating lower limb ulcers, burn infections. In this paper, we studied the effect of Strictosamide (STR), the main bioactive compound in Nauclea officinals, on wound healing and explored its internal mechanism. Firstly, the wound healing potential of STR was evaluated in a rat model, demonstrating its ability to expedite wound healing, mitigate inflammatory infiltration, and enhance collagen deposition. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that STR up-regulated the expression of CD31 and PCNA. Subsequently, target prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI), gene ontology (GO), and pathway enrichment analyses were used to obtain potential targets, specific biological processes, and molecular mechanisms of STR for the potential treatment of wound healing. Furthermore, molecular docking was conducted to predict the binding affinity between STR and its associated targets. Additionally, in vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that STR could increase the expression of P-PI3K, P-AKT and P-mTOR by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, this study provided a new explanation for the mechanism by which STR promotes wound healing through network pharmacology, suggesting that STR may be a new candidate for treating wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu-xu Ming
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jun-yan Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu-huang Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Li-yan Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xin-yue Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Pei Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yi-peng Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao-ning He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yong-hui Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory R&D on Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Guidoni M, de Sousa Júnior AD, Aragão VPM, de Melo Costa Pereira T, Dos Santos WC, Monteiro FC, Guimarães MCC, Fronza M. Liposomal stem cell extract formulation from Coffea canephora shows outstanding anti-inflammatory activity, increased tissue repair, neocollagenesis and neoangiogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:491-503. [PMID: 36114867 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Coffea canephora plant stem cells can have bioactive compounds with tissue repairing and anti-inflammatory action. This study aimed to develop a liposomal stem cell extract formulation obtained from the leaves of C. canephora (LSCECC) and to investigate its capacity to contribute to the dynamic mechanisms of tissue repair. The liposome cream was developed and characterized through the dynamic light scattering technique, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The excisional full-thickness skin wound model was used and daily topically treated with the LSCECC formulation or vehicle control. On days 2, 7, 14, and 21 after wounding, five rats from each group were euthanized and the rates of wound closure and re-epithelialization were evaluated using biochemical and histological tests. LSCECC resulted in faster re-epithelialization exhibiting a significant reduction in wound area of 36.4, 42.4, and 87.5% after 7, 10, and 14 days, respectively, when compared to vehicle control. LSCECC treated wounds exhibited an increase in granular tissue and a proper inflammatory response mediated by the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6 and an increase of IL-10. Furthermore, wounds treated with LSCECC showed an increase in the deposition and organization of collagen fibers at the wound site and improved scar tissue quality due to the increase in transforming growth factor-beta and vascular endothelial growth factor. Our data showed that LSCECC improves wound healing, the formation of extracellular matrix, modulates inflammatory response, and promotes neovascularization being consider a promising bioactive extract to promote and support healthy skin. The graphical presents the action of LSCECC in all four phases of wound healing and tissue repair. The LSCECC can reduce the inflammatory infiltrate in the inflammatory phase by decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α, in addition to maintaining this modulation through lesser activation and recruitment of macrophages. The LSCECC can also increase the release of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, decreasing local edema. The increase in VEGF provides neovascularization and the supply of nutrients to newly repaired tissue. Finally, signaling via TGF-β increases the production and organization of collagen fibers in the remodeling phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Guidoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n°21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-920, Brazil
| | - Antônio Domingos de Sousa Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n°21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-920, Brazil
| | - Victor Paulo Mesquita Aragão
- Pesquisador do Instituto Capixaba de Ciências e Administração (ICCA), Programa de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Regional (FAPES/CNPq), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Melo Costa Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n°21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-920, Brazil
| | - Wedson Correa Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n°21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-920, Brazil
| | - Flavio Cunha Monteiro
- Pesquisador do Instituto Capixaba de Ciências e Administração (ICCA), Programa de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Regional (FAPES/CNPq), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Fronza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Vila Velha-UVV, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, n°21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-920, Brazil.
- Pesquisador do Instituto Capixaba de Ciências e Administração (ICCA), Programa de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Regional (FAPES/CNPq), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
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Paliwal VM, Kundu S, Kulhari U, Jala A, Ishteyaque S, Borkar RM, Mugale MN, Murty US, Sahu BD. Alternanthera brasiliana L. extract alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury and fibrotic changes in mice: Role of matrix metalloproteinases and TGF-β/Smad axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115992. [PMID: 36509261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alternanthera brasiliana L. is a flowering plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae and is popularly known as "penicillin". It is used in folk medicine to treat infections, coughs, wound healing, and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the effect of Alternanthera brasiliana L. leaves hydroalcoholic extract (AB) against oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrotic changes in an experimental model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and fibrosis in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six male Balb/C mice were randomized into five groups: normal control, AB control, CCl4 control, CCl4 + AB-200 mg/kg, and CCl4 + AB-400 mg/kg. In mice, liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (20% in corn oil, 5 ml/kg body weight) thrice a week for six consecutive weeks. AB extract at two doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally for six consecutive weeks. Liver injury-related serum markers (ALT, AST, ALP), antioxidants (GSH, GST, SOD, and vitamin C), pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, ultrasonographic and histological alterations, proteins of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), nuclear factor-κB (p65) (NF-κB), nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and TGF-β/Smad signaling were accessed. LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of AB was performed. RESULTS AB treatment significantly decreased the CCl4-induced rise in serum ALT, AST, and ALP activities and improved the histological alterations. Compared with the CCl4-treated group, treatment with AB significantly restored the hepatic antioxidants and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver. The antioxidant activity of AB may be attributed to its terpenoid constituents, which was confirmed by LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. The CCl4-induced rise in expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and decrease in TIMP-1 were markedly restored in the AB-treated groups. Further findings revealed a significant reduction in the protein levels of phospho-NF-κB (p65), NLRP3, TGF-β, pSmad2/3, collagen I, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the AB treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS The hepatoprotective effect of AB may be attributed to the high content of terpenoid compounds and alleviates liver injury and associated fibrotic changes through modulating MMPs, NF-κB (p65), and the TGF-β/Smad axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay M Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Uttam Kulhari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Aishwarya Jala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Sharmeen Ishteyaque
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Roshan M Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Toxicology & Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226 031, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India.
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Ravanfar K, Amniattalab A, Mohammadi R. Curcumin-Polyethylene Glycol Loaded on Chitosan-Gelatin Nanoparticles Enhances Burn Wound Healing in Rat. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1399-1409. [PMID: 35420679 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate effects of curcumin-polyethylene glycol loaded on chitosan-gelatin nanoparticles (C-PEG-CGNPs) on burn wound healing in rat as a model study. Sixty healthy male White Wistar rats were randomized into four experimental groups of 15 animals each: Control group (Control) was treated with normal saline. Carrier group was treated with CGNPs-based ointment (0.05 mg/ml). Silver sulfadiazine group was treated with silver sulfadiazine 1% ointment. Treatment group was treated with C-PEG-CGNPs (0.05 mg/ml). Wound size was measured on 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. The expression of p53, Bcl-2, caspase-3 were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining. Reduction in wound area indicated that there was significant difference between Treatment group and other groups (P < .05). Quantitative histological and morphometric studies, and mean rank of the qualitative studies demonstrated that there was a significant difference between Treatment group and other groups (P < .05). Observations demonstrated C-PEG-CGNPs significantly shortened the inflammatory phase and accelerated the cellular proliferation. Accordingly, the animals in Treatment group revealed significantly (P < .05) higher fibroblast distribution/one mm2 of wound area and rapid reepithelialization. The mRNA levels of Bcl-2, p53, and caspase-3 were remarkably (P < .05) higher in Treatment group compared to control animals. The immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction findings. C-PEG-CGNPs offered potential advantages in burn wound healing acceleration and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Ravanfar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Amniattalab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Mohammadi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Hajati Ziabari A, Asadi Heris M, Mohammad Doodmani S, Jahandideh A, Koorehpaz K, Mohammadi R. Cinnamon Nanoparticles Loaded on Chitosan- Gelatin Nanoparticles Enhanced Burn Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Rats. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2022:15347346221101245. [PMID: 35658599 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate impact of Cinnamon nanoparticles loaded on chitosan- gelatin nanoparticles on burn wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers in rat. We included sixty male rats into four groups. There were 15 animals in each group as follow: DFU group: We treated the burn wounds with normal saline (0.1 mL). DFU/SSD group: In this group, the wounds were with silver sulfadiazine 1% ointment. DFU/CGNP: In this group, the burn wounds were treated with chitosan-gelatin nanoparticles based ointment (0.05 mg/mL). DFU/CNP-CGNP group: In this group, the wounds were treated with CN-CGNPs (0.05 mg/mL). Wound area reduction measurements, biochemistry, histomorphometrical studies, hydroxyproline levels and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for caspase 3, Bcl-2, and p53 showed significant difference between rats in DFU/CNP-CGNP group in comparison with other groups (P < .05). Accelerated repair of the wounds in DFU/CNP-CGNP group showed that local application of Cinnamon nanoparticles loaded on chitosan- gelatin nanoparticles could be taken into consideration in burn wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Hajati Ziabari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, 125643Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Asadi Heris
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, 125643Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Doodmani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, 125643Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahandideh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, 125643Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kave Koorehpaz
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 117045Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rahim Mohammadi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 117045Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Chemical Fingerprinting, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Hydroethanolic Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020364. [PMID: 35204245 PMCID: PMC8869320 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum seeds was evaluated. Phenolic profiling of T. foenum-graecum was conducted through high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) as well as through the mass spectrometry technique to characterize compounds responsible for bioactivity, which confirmed almost 18 compounds, 13 of which were quantified through a chromatographic assay. In vitro antioxidant analysis of the extract exhibited substantial antioxidant activities with the lowest IC50 value of both DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) inhibition assays. The extract was found to be non-toxic against human RBCs and murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, the extract significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), intrlukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum exhibited considerable anti-inflammatory potential by decreasing the cellular infiltration to the inflammatory site in both carrageenan-induced peritonitis and an air pouch model of inflammation. Pretreatment with T. foenum-graecum extract caused significant improvement in antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT (catalase), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) against oxidative stress induced by carrageenan. Based on our results of in vivo and in vitro experimentation, we concluded that hydroethanolic extract of T. foenum-graecum is a potential source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
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