1
|
Thakur S, Kumari S, Sanghavi V, Belenje A, Bhate M, Ranjan Padhi T, Jalali S, Verkicharla PK. Myopia dominance in preterm infants without and with retinopathy of prematurity: Indian Twin Cities ROP study (ITCROPS) report number 15. Acta Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 39152684 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the refractive error profile and progression in infants with different stages of ROP, without ROP, and those who received laser treatment for ROP. METHODS This retrospective study included the data from 838 infants (baseline mean age 3.7 ± 5.4 months) who had premature birth. Among these, 433 infants had one of the stages of ROP and 405 had no ROP. Infants with ROP were sub-divided into stage 1 (n = 76), stage 2 (n = 142), and stage 3 (n = 136) and aggressive posterior ROP, (APROP, n = 79). They were further categorized into those who received treatment (n = 213) and with no treatment for ROP (n = 220). Data from a subset of 117 infants was used to assess the 1-year change in the refractive error. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) <-0.50 diopters (D). Eyes with retinal detachment were excluded. RESULTS Higher percentage of myopia was found in infants with ROP (39.7%) than no-ROP (19.8%), and it increased with severity of ROP: stage 1: 19.7%, stage 2: 33.8%, stage 3: 45.6%, and 59.5% in APROP. Percentage of myopia doubled in those who underwent treatment for ROP (54.5%) compared to no-treatment group (25.5%). Mean (± SEM) change in SER after 1 year was significantly greater in infants with APROP -4.55 ± 1.38 D and stage 3 ROP -2.28 ± 0.57 D compared to other stages and no-ROP. CONCLUSION Myopia was found to be more prevalent in preterm infants in general, and more in the presence of ROP. Preterm infants without or with any form of ROP, particularly those with severe form of ROP and those who received treatment require meticulous periodic refractive error assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Thakur
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Prof. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Seema Kumari
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Prof. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vishwa Sanghavi
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Prof. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Akash Belenje
- Jasti V Ramanamma Childrens' Eye Care Centre, Child Sight Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Newborn Eye Health Alliance (NEHA), LV Prasad Eye Institute Network, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manjushree Bhate
- Jasti V Ramanamma Childrens' Eye Care Centre, Child Sight Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tapas Ranjan Padhi
- Newborn Eye Health Alliance (NEHA), LV Prasad Eye Institute Network, Hyderabad, India
- Miriam Hyman Children's Eye Care Centre, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadra Jalali
- Jasti V Ramanamma Childrens' Eye Care Centre, Child Sight Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Newborn Eye Health Alliance (NEHA), LV Prasad Eye Institute Network, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pavan K Verkicharla
- Myopia Research Lab, Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Prof. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Infor Myopia Center, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheth V, McLean RJ, Tu Z, Ather S, Gottlob I, Proudlock FA. Visual Field Deficits in Albinism in Comparison to Idiopathic Infantile Nystagmus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:13. [PMID: 38319668 PMCID: PMC10854418 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This is the first systematic comparison of visual field (VF) deficits in people with albinism (PwA) and idiopathic infantile nystagmus (PwIIN) using static perimetry. We also compare best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography measures of the fovea, parafovea, and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer in PwA. Methods VF testing was performed on 62 PwA and 36 PwIIN using a Humphrey Field Analyzer (SITA FAST 24-2). Mean detection thresholds for each eye were calculated, along with quadrants and central measures. Retinal layers were manually segmented in the macular region. Results Mean detection thresholds were significantly lower than normative values for PwA (-3.10 ± 1.67 dB, P << 0.0001) and PwIIN (-1.70 ± 1.54 dB, P < 0.0001). Mean detection thresholds were significantly lower in PwA compared to PwIIN (P < 0.0001) and significantly worse for left compared to right eyes in PwA (P = 0.0002) but not in PwIIN (P = 0.37). In PwA, the superior nasal VF was significantly worse than other quadrants (P < 0.05). PwIIN appeared to show a mild relative arcuate scotoma. In PwA, central detection thresholds were correlated with foveal changes in the inner and outer retina. VF was strongly correlated to BCVA in both groups. Conclusions Clear peripheral and central VF deficits exist in PwA and PwIIN, and static VF results need to be interpreted with caution clinically. Since PwA exhibit considerably lower detection thresholds compared to PwIIN, VF defects are unlikely to be due to nystagmus in PwA. In addition to horizontal VF asymmetry, PwA exhibit both vertical and interocular asymmetries, which needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viral Sheth
- Health Sciences School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Yorkshire, United Kingdom
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J. McLean
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Zhanhan Tu
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarim Ather
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, Headington, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Gottlob
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, United States
| | - Frank A. Proudlock
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Proudlock FA, McLean RJ, Sheth V, Ather S, Gottlob I. Phenotypic Features Determining Visual Acuity in Albinism and the Role of Amblyogenic Factors. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:14. [PMID: 38319667 PMCID: PMC10854414 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Albinism is a spectrum disorder causing foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, and hypopigmentation of the iris and fundus along with other visual deficits, which can all impact vision. Albinism is also associated with amblyogenic factors which could affect monocular visual acuity. The foveal appearance in albinism can range from mild foveal hypoplasia to that which is indistinguishable from the peripheral retina. The appearance can be quickly and easily graded using the Leicester Grading System in the clinic. However, interquartile ranges of 0.3 logMAR for the grades associated with albinism limit the accuracy of the grading system in predicting vision. Here, we discuss the potential role of nystagmus presenting evidence that it may not be a major source of variability in the prediction of visual acuity. We also show that interocular differences in visual acuity are low in albinism despite high levels of amblyogenic factors indicating that active suppression of vision in one eye in albinism is uncommon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Proudlock
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J McLean
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Viral Sheth
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Health Sciences School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sarim Ather
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, Headington, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Gottlob
- The University of Leicester Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kessel L, Kjølholm CDB, Jordana JT. Does Foveal Hypoplasia Affect Emmetropization in Patients with Albinism? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1910. [PMID: 38136112 PMCID: PMC10741917 DOI: 10.3390/children10121910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of the study was to describe refractive development from early childhood to adulthood in Danish patients with albinism and to evaluate the effect of foveal developmental stage on refractive development; (2) Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of ocular or oculocutaneous albinism were invited for a refractive evaluation and comprehensive phenotyping including macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Foveal hypoplasia was graded based on OCT from 0 (normal) to 4 (absence of any signs of foveal specialization). Medical files were reviewed for historical refractive values in individual patients; (3) Results: Hyperopia (spherical equivalent refraction (SEQ) of ≥+1 Diopter (D)) was common in both children (81.3%) and adults (67.1%). The lower prevalence of hyperopia in adults was predominantly explained by increasing astigmatism with age. Emmetropization (>2D change from before 3 years to adolescence) was seen in 22.2%. There was no influence on foveal hypoplasia grade on the degree of refractive errors throughout life; (4) Conclusions: We found that emmetropization was uncommon in Danish patients with albinism and that the degree of foveal developmental stage did not influence emmetropization or the distribution of refractive errors. High degrees of hyperopia and astigmatism were common. These results indicate that fear of impeding emmetropization should not refrain the clinician from providing adequate correction for refractive errors in young children with albinism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (C.D.B.K.); (J.T.J.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Joaquim Torner Jordana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (C.D.B.K.); (J.T.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zi F, Li Z, Cheng W, Huang X, Sheng X, Rong W. Novel mutations of the X-linked genes associated with early-onset high myopia in five Chinese families. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:223. [PMID: 37749571 PMCID: PMC10521526 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report novel pathogenic variants of X-linked genes in five Chinese families with early-onset high myopia (eoHM) by using whole-exome sequencing and analyzing the phenotypic features. METHODS 5 probands with X-linked recessive related eoHM were collected in Ningxia Eye Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. The probands and their family members received comprehensive ophthalmic examinations,and DNA was abstracted from patients and family members. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on probands to screen the causative variants, and all suspected pathogenic variants were determined by Sanger sequencing and co-segregation analysis was performed on available family members. The pathogenicity of novel variants was predicted using silico analysis and evaluated according to ACMG guidelines. RT-qPCR was used to detect differences in the relative mRNAs expression of candidate gene in mRNAs available with the proband and family members in the pedigree 2. The relationship between genetic variants and clinical features was analyzed. RESULTS All probands were male, and all pedigrees conformed to an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern. They were diagnosed with high myopia at their first visits between 4 and 7 years old. Spherical equivalent ranged between - 6.00D and - 11.00D.The five novel hemizygous variants were found in the probands, containing frameshift deletion variant c.797_801del (p.Val266Alafs*75) of OPN1LW gene in the pedigree 1, nonsense variant c.513G > A (p.Trp171Ter)of RP2 gene in the pedigree 2, missense variant c.98G > T (p.Cys33Phe) of GPR143 gene in the pedigree 3, frameshift deletion variant c.1876_1877del (p.Met626Valfs*22) of FRMD7 gene in the pedigree 4 and inframe deletion variant c.670_ 675del (p.Glu192_ Glu193del) of HMGB3 gene in the pedigree 5. All variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic by the interpretation principles of HGMD sequence variants and ACMG guidelines. In family 2, RT-qPCR showed that the mRNA expression of RP2 gene was lower in the proband than in other normal family members, indicating that such variant caused an effect on gene function at the mRNA expression level. Further clinical examination showed that pedigrees 1, 2, 3, and 4 were diagnosed as X-linked recessive hereditary eye disease with early-onset high myopia, including quiescent cone dysfunction, retinitis pigmentosa, ocular albinism, and idiopathic congenital nystagmus respectively. The pedigree 5 had eoHM in the right eye and ptosis in both eyes. CONCLUSION In this paper,we are the first to report five novel hemizygous variants in OPN1LW, RP2, GPR143, FRMD7, HMGB3 genes are associated with eoHM. Our study extends the genotypic spectrums for eoHM and better assists ophthalmologists in assessing, diagnosing, and conducting genetic screening for eoHM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyin Zi
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Wanyu Cheng
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Xunlun Sheng
- Gansu Aier Ophthalmiology and Optometry Hospital, 1228 Guazhou Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Weining Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, 936 Huanghe East Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan, 750001, China.
| |
Collapse
|