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Association of X Chromosome Aberrations with Male Infertility. ACTA MEDICA BULGARICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/amb-2021-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Male infertility is caused by spermatogenetic failure, clinically noted as oligoor azoospermia. Approximately 20% of infertile patients carry a genetic defect. The most frequent genetic defect leading to azoospermia (or severe oligozoospermia) is Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY), which is numerical chromosomal abnormality and Y- structural chromosome aberration. The human X chromosome is the most stable of all human chromosomes. The X chromosome is loaded with regions of acquired, rapidly evolving genes. The X chromosome may actually play an essential role in male infertility and sperm production. Here we will describe X chromosome aberrations, which are associated with male infertility.
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Deng S, Zhang H, Liu X, Yue F, Jiang Y, Li S, Liu R, Xi Q. Cytogenetic and molecular detection of a rare unbalanced Y;3 translocation in an infertile male: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20863. [PMID: 32590788 PMCID: PMC7328960 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The infertile male individuals carrying the Y-autosome translocations are seldom reported in clinic. Herein, we described a severe oligozoospermic male with rare unbalanced Y;3 translocation transmitted through 3 generations. PATIENT CONCERNS A 33-year-old Chinese male was referred for infertility consultation in our center after 10 years' primary infertility. He was diagnosed as severe oligozoospermia according to the semen analysis. DIAGNOSIS G-banding analysis initially described the karyotype as 46, XY, add (3) (p26) for the patient, and his wife's karyotype was 46, XX. The chromosomal microarray analysis identified 3.81Mb and 0.29Mb duplications in Yq11.223q11.23 and Yq12, separately. No deletions were detected in azoospermia factors (AZF)a, AZFb and AZFc. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis further confirmed the existence of sex-determining region Y gene and verified that Yq12 was translocated to the terminal short arm of chromosome 3(3p26). INTERVENTIONS The couple chose intracytoplasmic sperm injection to get their offspring. The wife underwent amniocentesis for cytogenetic analysis but suffered termination of pregnancy due to premature rupture of membranes. OUTCOMES The karyotype of the patient was finally described as 46, X, der(3)t(Y;3)(q11.22;p26). His father and the aborted fetus showed the same karyotypes as the patient. CONCLUSION Our study not only enriched the karyotype-phenotype correlation of Y-autosome translocation, but also strengthened the critical roles of molecular genetic techniques in identifying the chromosomal breakpoints and regions involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Deng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fagui Yue
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Xi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital
- Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Uehara E, Hattori A, Shima H, Ishiguro A, Abe Y, Ogata T, Ogawa E, Fukami M. Unbalanced Y;7 Translocation between Two Low-Similarity Sequences Leading to SRY-Positive 45,X Testicular Disorders of Sex Development. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 158:115-120. [PMID: 31266029 DOI: 10.1159/000501378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Unbalanced translocations of Y-chromosomal fragments harboring the sex-determining region Y gene (SRY) to the X chromosome or an autosome result in 46,XX and 45,X testicular disorders of sex development (DSD), respectively. Of these, Y;autosome translocation is an extremely rare condition. Here, we identified a 20-year-old man with a 45,X,t(Y;7)(q11.21;q35) karyotype, who exhibited unilateral cryptorchidism, small testis, intellectual disability, and various congenital anomalies. The fusion junction of the translocation was blunt, and the breakpoint-flanking regions shared only 50% similarity. These results indicate that Y;autosome translocations can occur between 2 low-similarity sequences, probably via nonhomologous end joining. Furthermore, translocations of a Ypterq11.21 fragment to 7q35 likely result in normal or only mildly impaired male-type sexual development, along with various clinical features of 7q deletion syndrome, although their effects on adult testicular function remain to be studied.
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An infertile azoospermic male with 45,X karyotype and a unique complex (Y;14); (Y;22) translocation: cytogenetic and molecular characterization. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:1503-1508. [PMID: 29860576 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Röpke A, Tüttelmann F. MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Aberrations of the X chromosome as cause of male infertility. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 177:R249-R259. [PMID: 28611019 DOI: 10.1530/eje-17-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is most commonly caused by spermatogenetic failure, clinically noted as oligo- or a-zoospermia. Today, in approximately 20% of azoospermic patients, a causal genetic defect can be identified. The most frequent genetic causes of azoospermia (or severe oligozoospermia) are Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), structural chromosomal abnormalities and Y-chromosomal microdeletions. Consistent with Ohno's law, the human X chromosome is the most stable of all the chromosomes, but contrary to Ohno's law, the X chromosome is loaded with regions of acquired, rapidly evolving genes, which are of special interest because they are predominantly expressed in the testis. Therefore, it is not surprising that the X chromosome, considered as the female counterpart of the male-associated Y chromosome, may actually play an essential role in male infertility and sperm production. This is supported by the recent description of a significantly increased copy number variation (CNV) burden on both sex chromosomes in infertile men and point mutations in X-chromosomal genes responsible for male infertility. Thus, the X chromosome seems to be frequently affected in infertile male patients. Four principal X-chromosomal aberrations have been identified so far: (1) aneuploidy of the X chromosome as found in Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY or mosaicism for additional X chromosomes). (2) Translocations involving the X chromosome, e.g. nonsyndromic 46,XX testicular disorders of sex development (XX-male syndrome) or X-autosome translocations. (3) CNVs affecting the X chromosome. (4) Point mutations disrupting X-chromosomal genes. All these are reviewed herein and assessed concerning their importance for the clinical routine diagnostic workup of the infertile male as well as their potential to shape research on spermatogenic failure in the next years.
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Li G, Iqbal F, Wang L, Xu Z, Che X, Yu W, Shi L, Guo T, Zhou G, Jiang X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yu D. Meiotic defects and decreased expression of genes located around the chromosomal breakpoint in the testis of a patient with a novel 46,X,t(Y;1)(p11.3;p31) translocation. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627638 PMCID: PMC5504999 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced translocations are known to be associated with infertility, spontaneous abortions and birth defects in mammals. Spermatocyte spreading and immunostaining were applied to detect meiotic prophase I progression, homologous chromosome pairing, synapsis and recombination in an azoospermic reciprocal translocation 46,X,t(Y;1)(p11.3;p31) carrier. Histological examination of testicular sections revealed a severely reduced number of germ cells with no spermatids or sperm in the carrier. A significant reduction in XY recombination was observed in the patient. The number of MLH1 foci on autosomes that are not involved in the translocation per cell was also significantly decreased in our patient as compared to the controls, which indicates an inter-chromosomal effect (ICE) of the translocation on recombination. An increase in leptotene (P<0.001) and zygotene (P<0.001) and a decrease in pachytene spermatocytes (P<0.001) were observed in the carrier when compared with the controls, indicating disturbed meiotic progression in the patient. Increased RAD51 foci during pachytene (P=0.02) in the spermatocytes of the patient were noted. A decreased expression of the genes (USP1, INSL5, LEPR and MSH4) critical for meiosis/spermatogenesis and located around the breakpoint region of chromosome 1 was observed in the 46,X,t(Y;1) carrier, which may further exacerbate the meiotic failure such as reduced recombination on autosomes and ultimately cause spermatogenesis arrest. In summary, we report a series of events that may have caused infertility in our 46,X,t(Y;1) carrier. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report shedding light on how, possibly, a reciprocal translocation affects meiosis at the molecular level in azoospermia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Furhan Iqbal
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Che
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Tonghang Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Guixiang Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Orrico A, Marseglia G, Pescucci C, Cortesi A, Piomboni P, Giansanti A, Gerundino F, Ponchietti R. Molecular Dissection Using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization and Clinical Evaluation of An Infertile Male Carrier of An Unbalanced Y;21 Translocation: A Case Report and Review of The Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2015; 9:581-5. [PMID: 26985348 PMCID: PMC4793181 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2015.4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal defects are relatively frequent in infertile men however, translocations between the Y chromosome and autosomes are rare and less than 40 cases of Y-autosome translocation have been reported. In particular, only three individuals has been described with a Y;21 translocation, up to now. We report on an additional case of an infertile man in whom a Y;21 translocation was associated with the deletion of a large part of the Y chromosome long arm. Applying various techniques, including conventional cytogenetic procedures, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis and array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) studies, we identified a derivative chromosome originating from a fragment of the short arm of the chromosome Y translocated on the short arm of the 21 chromosome. The Y chromosome structural rearrangement resulted in the intactness of the entire short arm, including the sex-determining region Y (SRY) and the short stature homeobox (SHOX) loci, although translocated on the 21 chromosome, and the loss of a large part of the long arm of the Y chromosome, including azoospermia factor-a (AZFa), AZFb, AZFc and Yq heterochromatin regions. This is the first case in which a (Yp;21p) translocation has been ascertained using an array-CGH approach, thus reporting details of such a rearrangement at higher resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Orrico
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy; Medical Genetics, Misericordia Hospital, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Marseglia
- Diagnostic Genetic Unit, Department of Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Pescucci
- Diagnostic Genetic Unit, Department of Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Ambra Cortesi
- Medical Genetics, Misericordia Hospital, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Paola Piomboni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Giansanti
- Genitourinary Unit, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Gerundino
- Diagnostic Genetic Unit, Department of Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Roberto Ponchietti
- Genitourinary Unit, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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