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Wu KY, Chen DR, Chan CC, Yeh YP, Chen HH. Fear of falling as a mediator in the association between social frailty and health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:421. [PMID: 37430231 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social frailty is associated with Fear of Falling (FoF) and health-related quality of life (HrQoL). However, how social frailty simultaneously influences FoF and HrQoL remains unclear. The study aims to understand the links between social frailty, FoF, and HrQoL in older adults and the mediating role of FoF in the relations between social frailty and HrQoL. METHODS In this cross-sectional survey, 1,933 community-dwelling older adults from Changhua County, Taiwan, were interviewed using a self-administrated questionnaire. In total, 1,251 participants with complete data were included for analysis. Data were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro. A simple mediation was employed using social frailty as the independent variable, FoF as the mediator variable, and HrQoL as the outcome variable. RESULTS Social frailty was associated with HrQoL and indirectly with HrQoL through FoF, and FoF was directly associated with HrQoL. Of the 5-item social frailty index, "going out less frequently" was correlated with HrQoL and indirectly with HrQoL through FoF. Individuals who felt unhelpful toward family or friends had the worst physical HrQoL and did not talk to someone daily had the most negative influence on mental HrQoL. CONCLUSIONS Social frailty can directly and indirectly, through FoF decrease HrQoL. It also emphasizes the importance of social connectivity in reducing the risk of falls. This study points to the need for social connectivity and fall prevention programs as essential components of strategies to enhance the health and well-being of community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ying Wu
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duan-Rung Chen
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Population Health Research Center, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Yeh
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Changhua County Public Health Bureau, Changhua County, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Akosile CO, Ngwu NP, Okonkwo UP, Onwuakagba IU, Okoye EC. Neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level and social participation restrictions from a population of community-dwelling older adults in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37291512 PMCID: PMC10251530 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restriction in physical activity (PA) and social participation restriction (PR) can be heightened in the presence of fear of fall (FOF), fall experience, and perceived unsafe neighborhood, particularly among older adults. Despite the enormous benefits of social participation and physical activity, many older adults remain vulnerable to participation restriction and this probably accounts for a significant proportion of health challenges for older adults. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship between neighborhood safety (NS), fall indices, physical activity, and social participation restriction among older adults from selected communities in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey of 170 recruited via consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. Socio-demographic variables, co-morbidities, and fall prevalence were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The study instruments include the PA neighborhood environment scale - Nigeria (PANES-N), PA scale for elderly (PASE), Participation scale (PS), Modified fall efficacy scale (MFES), and Fall risk assessment tool (FRAT) and fall indices. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviations, frequency counts, and percentages were used to analyze the socio-demographic variables, and Inferential statistics of Spearman rank order correlation were used to determine the relationship among the neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level, and participation restrictions. RESULTS PR has a negative relationship with NS (r = -0.19, p- 0.01), and fall efficacy (r = -0.52, p- 0.001). However, PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (r = 0.36, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Participation restriction is negatively correlated with neighborhood safety, fall efficacy, and PA. The PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (FR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Nnaemeka Pascal Ngwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna Prosper Okonkwo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Home Safety, Quality of Life, Fall, and Fear of Falling Among Older Home Care Recipients. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Akosile CO, Onyekwuluje C, Mgbeojedo UG, Okoye EC, Fabunmi AA, Mong EU, Okafor AC. Social Support, Social Participation, and Life Accomplishment of Older Adult Residents of Assisted Living Facilities and Their Adjoining Communities. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231218797. [PMID: 38146455 PMCID: PMC10749526 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231218797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To assess and compare levels of social support (SS), social participation (SP) and life accomplishment (LA) among older adults in some assisted-living facilities (ALFs) and their community-dwelling (CD) peers. Methods: One hundred twenty older adults (54 ALF, 66 CD) from a Nigerian population participated in this cross-sectional survey. The Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support, the Participation Scale and the Life Habit Questionnaires were used to evaluate levels of SS, SP, and LA, respectively. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman rank order correlation, at .05 alpha level. Results: Participation restriction (PR) was significantly more prevalent among the ALF group compared to the CD group (χ2 = 12.74; p = .01) but the two groups enjoyed comparable level of SS. LA was significantly better for the CD group in the overall score. LA had significant correlation with PR in both the ALFs (r = -.44; p < .05) and CD (r = -.62; p < .05) group. Conclusions: Older adults in ALFs received moderate SS, had LA, and a high PR, while CD older adults received a high SS and LA but had no PR. The findings implicate that social participation and enhancing community support for older adults may be important for a sustainable community.
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Badrasawi M, Hamdan M, Vanoh D, Zidan S, ALsaied T, Muhtaseb TB. Predictors of fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults: Cross-sectional study from Palestine. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276967. [PMCID: PMC9671337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fear of falling has serious implications for health and is an important threat to autonomy. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate risk factors for fear of falling among Palestinian older adults in Hebron district. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among Palestinians > 60 years living in Hebron, West Bank. The Falls Efficacy Scale-International was used to predict falls among Palestinian older adults. Moreover, socio-demographic data, medical history, lifestyle habits, body composition, nutritional status, cognitive status (using the Montreal cognitive assessment tool), and functional status (using activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living scale), the presence of depressive symptoms (using geriatric depression scale), and physical fitness performance (using senior fitness test) were collected through an interview-based questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate approach. Results A total of 200 participants were included in the study; 137 (68.5%) females and 63 (31.5%) males. Mean age was 70.5 ± 5.7 years, ranged from 65 to 98 years old. Fear of falling was significantly higher among older adults with advanced aged, living in villages or camps, low educational level, and being married (p < 0.05). Functional status (ADL and IADL), physical fitness status (timed up and go), and depression symptoms were significantly related to fear of falling (p < 0.05). Conclusion High concern of falling is significantly associated with advanced age, low education level, being married, and living in villages or camps. ADLs were among the factors that had a significant relationship with increased fear of falling. Predictors of fear of falling among Palestinian older adults were IADL scores, body fat percentage, rapid gait speed, timed up and go test. Future studies could investigate further correlates of fear of falling among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, West Bank, Palestine
- * E-mail:
| | - May Hamdan
- Program of Health and Therapeutic Nutrition, Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Divya Vanoh
- Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Souzan Zidan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebron University, Hebron, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Tasneem ALsaied
- Program of Health and Therapeutic Nutrition, Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Tala B. Muhtaseb
- Program of Health and Therapeutic Nutrition, Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
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Okoye EC, Akosile CO, Maruf FA, Onwuakagba IU, Ofojiha VO, Ani KU. Cross-Cultural Validation of Igbo Version of the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Turhan Damar H, Demir Barutcu C. Relationship between hospitalised older people’s fear of falling and adaptation to old age, quality of life, anxiety and depression. Int J Older People Nurs 2022; 17:e12467. [DOI: 10.1111/opn.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hale Turhan Damar
- Elderly Care Program Health Services Vocational School Izmir Democracy University Izmir Turkey
| | - Canan Demir Barutcu
- Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Science Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Burdur Turkey
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Okoye EC, Onwuakagba IU, Akile CC, Okonkwo UP, Akosile CO, Mgbeojedo UG, Oyewumi TJ, Kubeyinje OS. Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in a Middle-Income Country. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221097750. [PMID: 35478850 PMCID: PMC9036325 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221097750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the levels and interrelationships between fear of falling (FOF), physical activity (PA), social support (SS), and general self-efficacy (GSE) among older adults in a Nigerian community. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey involving 100 older adults (65.0% females; mean age = 74.25 ± 8.01 years) consecutively recruited from Nnewi community. Participants’ FOF, PA, GSE, and SS were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman rank order correlation, and structural equation modeling at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The participants’ mean FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores were 15.22 ± 7.43 (fearful), 114.76 ± 90.18 (low), 21.64 ± 8.25 (low) and 5.72 ± 1.19 (high) respectively. There were significant correlations between each pair of FOF, PA, GSE, and SS scores of the participants (p < .05). FOF and GSE were significant predictors of PA while GSE and SS were significant predictors of FOF. Conclusion: FOF and SS were high while PA and GSE were low in this sample of Nigerian older adults. Significant correlations existed between FOF, SS, GSE, and PA, with FOF and GSE being predictors of PA while GSE and SS significantly predicted FOF. Measures should be geared towards reducing FOF and improving PA, GSE, and SS in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma U Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Cynthia C Akile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna P Okonkwo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Christopher O Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka G Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo J Oyewumi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun S Kubeyinje
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
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Attafuah PYA, Everink IHJ, Halfens RJG, Lohrmann C, Abuosi A, Schols JMGA. Instruments used to assess quality of life of older adults in African countries: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:344. [PMID: 34090352 PMCID: PMC8178827 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over 60% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa, live in informal settlements (slums) with little or no resources. To be prepared to meet the needs of older people living in slums, it is necessary to know more about their quality of life (QoL). The objective of this review is to identify instruments, which can be used by researchers to assess the QoL of older adults living in African countries, especially those dwelling in slums. Methods A scoping review was performed using the databases Scopus, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science to retrieve studies published from January 2008 – September 2020. Studies were included if they reported generic QoL instruments, focused on adults with a mean age ≥ 50 and were conducted in African countries. Results In total, 18 studies were included using 7 unique instruments to measure QoL (EUROHIS-QOL-8, SWLS, WHOQOL-OLD, the WHOQOL-BREF, SF-36, SF-12 and RAND-38). All instruments could be interviewer-administered and had 5–36 items. However, little is known about their psychometric properties (validity and reliability), time-investment and cultural sensitivity of the domains included in the instruments. Conclusions Even though this review retrieved instruments used to assess QoL of older adults in African countries, there is a need for further research on adjustment and validation of currently existing QoL instruments. In addition, the development and validation of a new instrument which can be used in (illiterate) older populations, living in slums in Africa should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Y A Attafuah
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana. .,Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Irma H J Everink
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud J G Halfens
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christa Lohrmann
- Institute of Nursing Science, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Aaron Abuosi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Jos M G A Schols
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Okoye EC, Akosile CO, Maruf FA, Onwuakagba IU, Mgbeojedo UG. Falls and fear of falling among older adults in an assisted-living facility: A qualitative and foundational study for intervention development in a developing country. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 94:104375. [PMID: 33571785 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls and fear of falling (FOF) have serious adverse effects for older adults. Culturally-specific and environmentally-tailored interventions may help address the problems of falls and FOF. No such interventions are however available for use in the African context. OBJECTIVE To explore falls and FOF among older adults in an assisted-living facility, as a foundation for developing interventions to address falls and FOF. METHODS This qualitative study involved purposefully recruiting nine older adults and four caregivers at an assisted-living facility in Southeast Nigeria. Focus group discussions were conducted separately for older adults and the caregivers. Data were analysed using an Inductive Approach. RESULTS Four themes emerged: incidence of falls and fear of falling; factors associated with falls and fear of falling; health implications of falls and fear of falling; and coping strategies to deal with falls and fear of falling. Older adults were experiencing a high prevalence of falls and FOF perceived to be caused by both cultural/environmental/institutional-related factors (poorly lit environment at night; poor ambulatory surfaces; unwillingness to accept age-related changes in physical capacity; poor disposition towards walking aids; poor treatment of injuries; misconceptions; poor physical activity participation; and external perturbation) and intrinsic factors (psychological/emotional, concentration/attention, socio-demographic and morbidity-related). CONCLUSION The older adults were experiencing a high prevalence of falls and FOF which has a multifactorial origin of common and cultural/societal/institutional/environmental-related factors. The need for a multicomponent and culturally and environmentally-specific interventions to address falls and FOF in this sample is thus highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Fatai Adesina Maruf
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
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Sapmaz M, Mujdeci B. The effect of fear of falling on balance and dual task performance in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2021; 147:111250. [PMID: 33493582 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Fear of falling frequently reported by older individuals and is an important health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fear of falling on balance, dual task performance, physical activity level and the quality of life on the aged people. SETTING Elderly care facilities. PARTICIPANTS 60 elderly individuals aged 65 and over were included. 30 individuals with fear of falling were included in the study group and 30 individuals without fear of falling were included in the control group. MEASUREMENTS Fall Efficiency Scale International (FESI) was used to determine the fear of falling. Balance tests i.e. Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), Time Up and Go Test (TUG) were applied to all individuals. Dual-task performance was evaluated by asking each person to perform motor (TUGmotor) and cognitive tasks (TUGcognitive) simultaneously with TUG. Evaluation of physical activity was conducted by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and assessment of the quality of life was determined by the EuroQol-5 Dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D). RESULTS The scores of BBS, TUG, PASE, EQ-5D and POMA (balance and gait subscores) of the aged who have a fear of falling were significantly different from the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the completion time of both TUGmotor and TUGcognitive test of the aged who have a fear of falling was significantly longer than the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION There were in deterioration in balance, dual task performance and quality of life and a decrease in physical activity level in elderly individuals in elderly with fear of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Sapmaz
- University of Health Science, Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Mujdeci
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Ankara, Turkey.
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Akosile CO, Igwemmadu CK, Okoye EC, Odole AC, Mgbeojedo UG, Fabunmi AA, Onwuakagba IU. Physical activity level, fear of falling and quality of life: a comparison between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:12. [PMID: 33407211 PMCID: PMC7788713 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA), fear of falling (FOF) and quality of life (QOL) are very important constructs in geriatrics. The interplay among these constructs may vary between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults. However, studies comparing the wellbeing of community-dwelling older adults with those residing in the assisted-living facilities (ALFs) are rather rare especially from developing countries. This study was aimed at comparing PA, FOF and QOL between assisted-living and community-dwelling older adults and also determining the correlations amongst the constructs for each group. Methods This cross-sectional survey involved consecutively sampled 114 older adults (≥65 years, ambulant and well-oriented in time, place and person) residing in conveniently selected ALFs (11.3% males) and adjoining communities (54.1% males). PA, FOF and QOL were evaluated using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Modified Fall Efficacy Scale and the Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire respectively. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and Spearman rank-order correlation test at 0.05 level of significance. Results Participants from the ALFs had significantly lower domain and overall PA (F=5.6–103.34; p< 0.05) and QOL (F=11.12–118.05; p< 0,05) scores than community-dwelling groups. FOF was significantly more prevalent in assisted-living group (p< 0.05). There were significant positive correlations (p< 0.05) between each pair of PA, FOF and QOL for both assisted-living and community-dwelling groups. Conclusions Older adults in the ALFs had lower PA and QOL scores with higher prevalence of FOF than their community-dwelling counterparts. Significant relationships existed between PA, FOF and QOL for participants in either group. Present results may be suggesting that ageing in place ensures better health outcomes than institutionalised ageing. Whenever possible, older adults should therefore be encouraged to age in place rather than moving into ALFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Charles Kenechukwu Igwemmadu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Christiana Odole
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Ayodele Fabunmi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Fear of Falling, Community Participation, and Quality of Life Among Community-Dwelling People Who Use Wheelchairs Full Time. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 102:1140-1146. [PMID: 33347892 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the differences in community participation and quality of life (QOL) among individuals who use wheelchairs full time with and without fear of falling (FOF). DESIGN Cross-sectional study design. SETTING University research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Individuals (N=85) who use a manual or power wheelchair full time who are living with various health conditions and have a history of at least 1 fall in the past 12 months (age, 45.4±15.8y; disability duration, 21.5±13.6y) were included. Forty-six (54%) were manual wheelchair users. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES To quantify FOF, participants responded (yes/no) to the question: "Are you worried or concerned that you might fall?" Community participation and QOL were indexed by the Community Participation Indicator (CPI) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine the differences in CPI and WHOQOL-BREF scores among wheelchair users who reported FOF and no FOF. RESULTS A total of 54 participants (63.5%) reported that they were worried or concerned about falling. The MANOVA revealed significant differences in overall CPI (F2,82=4.714; P=.012; Wilks' λ=0.897) and WHOQOL-BREF (F4,63=3.32; P=.016; Wilks' λ=.826) scores. Participants who reported FOF demonstrated significantly lower CPI and WHOQOL-BREF scores compared with those who did not report FOF. CONCLUSIONS FOF and associated activity curtailment are prevalent and may be a factor influencing full time wheelchair users' community participation and QOL. Prospective research is needed to better understand how FOF influences community participation and QOL among individuals who use wheelchairs full time. Findings would support the development of interventions, specifically for individuals who use wheelchairs full time, to reduce FOF and improve community participation and QOL.
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Kimura Y, Nishio N, Abe Y, Ogawa H, Taguchi R, Otobe Y, Koyama S, Suzuki M, Kikuchi T, Masuda H, Kusumi H, Yamada M. Relationship between physical activity levels during rehabilitation hospitalization and life-space mobility following discharge in stroke survivors: A multicenter prospective study. Top Stroke Rehabil 2020; 28:481-487. [PMID: 33078690 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1834276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher physical activity levels during hospitalization may benefit the life-space mobility, defined as the ability to move within environments that expand from one's home to the greater community, of stroke survivors following their discharge. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity levels during rehabilitation hospitalization and life-space mobility among stroke survivors three months after their discharge. METHODS We recruited 84 stroke survivors as prospective participants from four convalescent rehabilitation hospitals. Physical activity levels during hospitalization were assessed using pedometers with a three-axis accelerometer, and their average step count over 14 consecutive days prior to discharge was used as the representative set of values. Pedometers were placed on the participant's waist or wrist on the non-paretic side. The Life-Space Assessment (LSA), a validated self-reporting measure for assessing community mobility, was implemented three months following participant discharge from rehabilitation hospitals via a mail-in survey method. To determine the relationship between the participants' level of physical activity during hospitalization and the LSA score following discharge, we performed multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 75 participants (89.3%) completed the post-discharge survey and were therefore included in the analysis. The multiple regression analysis, controlled for age, balance function, walking endurance, fear of falling, and functional status, revealed that daily step counts were significantly associated with the LSA score three months after discharge (β = 0.241, p = .026). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity levels during hospitalization were significantly associated with the life-space mobility of stroke survivors following discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Japan Community Health Care Organization, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohito Nishio
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Prefectural Rehabilitation Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuki Abe
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kiminomori Rehabilitation Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ogawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Saitama Prefectural Rehabilitation Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryota Taguchi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saitama Memorial Hospital, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Tobu Chiiki Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuhei Otobe
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Koyama
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizue Suzuki
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuda
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kusumi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
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Okoye EC, Akosile CO, Maruf FA, Onwuakagba IU, Urama ST. Validation of Igbo version of the modified falls efficacy scale among community-dwelling older adults: a validation study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:294. [PMID: 32873306 PMCID: PMC7466799 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of falling (FOF) is a very pervasive problem among older adults. Consequently, many scales have been developed for its assessment. The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) is one of the most popular FOF scales. The MFES was originally developed for use in developed countries, and thus may not be entirely suitable for use in developing countries due to cultural and environmental differences between the two country categories. This study was therefore designed to cross-culturally adapt and validate the MFES to Igbo culture and environment among community-dwelling older adults in Nnewi community using established guidelines. Methods The original English version of the MFES (E-MFES) was translated, synthesized, back-translated, subjected to expert panel review, and pretested before producing the final Igbo version of the MFES (I-MFES). The I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International were randomly administered to consecutively recruited 109 consenting older adult residents of Nnewi (43.1% males; mean age = 74.45 ± 8.78 years). Convergent and structural validities and internal consistency of the I-MFES were assessed at 0.05 level of significance. Results All the 14 items on the E-MFES were retained on the I-MFES. The I-MFES exhibited the same structure as the E-MFES. The correlation between the total scores on the I-MFES and the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International was excellent (rho = − 0.93) indicating evidence of convergent validity of the I-MFES. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the I-MFES was 0.97 showing evidence of excellent internal consistency of the items on the I-MFES. Conclusion This study provides evidence of some aspects of validity and reliability of the I-MFES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Fatai Adesina Maruf
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Tobias Urama
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
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16
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Asahi R, Yuguchi S, Kamo T, Azami M, Ogihara H, Asano S. Association of height loss with falls and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2020; 6:59-64. [PMID: 32715095 PMCID: PMC7375460 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Height loss is associated with vertebral fracture risk and osteoporosis. We assumed that height loss may indicate the risk of falls because the presence of osteoporosis is significantly associated with sarcopenia development. We studied the association of height loss with falls and sarcopenia. Methods This study included 610 community-dwelling women. We measured the height, weight, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), grip strength, and gait speed. Additionally, we recorded the individual’s tallest height, and the presence or absence of single or multiple falls during the preceding 12 months. The participants were classified into nonheight loss, 2- to 3-cm height loss, 3- to 4-cm height loss, and over 4-cm height loss groups. The association of height loss with falls and sarcopenia were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results We found that 3- to 4-cm height loss and over 4-cm height loss were significantly associated with falls (odds ratio [OR], 1.637; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.023–2.619; P = 0.04), (OR, 1.742, 95% CI, 1.054–2.877; P = 0.03), respectively. Additionally, over 4-cm height loss was significantly associated with sarcopenia for ASMI calculated by participant’s tallest recalled height squared (OR, 2.676; 95% CI, 1.122–6.284; P = 0.026). Conclusions We found that the risk of falls was advanced at 3- to 4-cm height loss and over 4-cm height loss, and sarcopenia started at over 4-cm height loss. Height loss may be a useful indicator of the risk of falls and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Asahi
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
- Corresponding author. School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, 2-555, Hirasuka, Satte City, Saitama, 340-0145, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yuguchi
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kamo
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masato Azami
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ogihara
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Asano
- Saitama Spine Center, JMA Higashi Saitama General Hospital, Satte City, Saitama, Japan
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17
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Barboza-Palomino M, Noé-Grijalva M. Fear of falling and quality of life in Peruvian older adults. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020; 30:288-289. [PMID: 32359976 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Predictors of Incident Fear of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:615-620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Schoene D, Heller C, Aung YN, Sieber CC, Kemmler W, Freiberger E. A systematic review on the influence of fear of falling on quality of life in older people: is there a role for falls? Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:701-719. [PMID: 31190764 PMCID: PMC6514257 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s197857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining or improving quality of life (QoL) is a key outcome of clinical interventions in older people. Fear of falling (FoF) is associated with activity restriction as well as with poorer physical and cognitive functions and may be an important contributor to a diminished QoL. The objectives of this systematic review were to determine i) the effect of FoF on QoL in older people, ii) whether the association between these two constructs depends on the use of specific conceptualizations and measurement instruments, and iii) the role of fall events as mediating factor in this relationship. Four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library) were searched from their inceptions to February 2018. Thirty mostly cross-sectional studies in nearly 30.000 people (weighted mean age 75.6 years (SD =6.1); 73% women) were included. FoF was associated with QoL in most studies, and this association appeared to be independent of the conceptualization of FoF. Moreover, this relationship was independent of falls people experienced which seemed to have a lower impact. FoF should be considered not only as by-product of falls and targeted interventions in parts different from those to reduce falls are likely required. Studies are needed showing that reducing FoF will lead to increased QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schoene
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Heller
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Yan N Aung
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Cornel C Sieber
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.,Department of General Internal and Geriatric Medicine, Hospital of the Order of St. John of God Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ellen Freiberger
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
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Depression and Its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women in Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112327. [PMID: 30360460 PMCID: PMC6266352 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Menopause is associated with depressive symptoms that can significantly affect a woman’s quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between depression and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postmenopausal women. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, participants (n = 3860) were selected from the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The sociodemographic characteristics, medical history of depression, and EQ-5D scores of the participants were obtained from the KNHANES dataset. Age, educational level, and income were associated with HRQoL in these participants. Moreover, depression exerted a considerable influence on HRQoL in postmenopausal women. The adjusted odds ratios in participants with depression for the EQ-5D dimensions were as follows: 5.52 (95% CI = 4.04–7.55, p < 0.001) for anxiety/depression, 3.86 (95% CI = 2.78–5.36, p < 0.001) for usual activities, and 2.52 (95% CI = 1.68–3.78, p < 0.001) for self-care. Our findings suggest a strong association between depression and HRQoL. Hence, preventing the onset or exacerbation of depression may significantly improve quality of life in postmenopausal women.
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Adamczewska N, Nyman SR. A New Approach to Fear of Falls From Connections With the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Literature. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2018; 4:2333721418796238. [PMID: 30182037 PMCID: PMC6111705 DOI: 10.1177/2333721418796238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear of falling (FoF) is as an important psychological problem among older people. While it has been researched for around four decades, paradoxically there is no agreed definition of FoF. Confusion over the definition of FoF inhibits current understanding of empirical findings. The objective of this article is to critique current definitions of FoF and to present a novel theoretical model that aims to resolve theoretical misunderstanding. A narrative review was conducted to present definitions of FoF and concepts often conflated with it including fall-related self-efficacy and anxiety. Then, by drawing on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) theory and research, we present clear distinctions between the concepts. We argue that the presence or absence of anxiety determines whether FoF becomes maladaptive or adaptive, respectively, and that enhancing self-efficacy is key to optimizing postfall psychological recovery. The theoretical clarity presented will aid future research and application of evidence to the benefit older people.
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22
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Matsuyama A. Factors Associated with the Walking Ability of Hemiplegic Stroke Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/ojn.2018.81002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Taghadosi M, Motaharian E, Gilasi H. Fear of falling and related factors in older adults in the city of Kashan in 2017. ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/atr.atr_27_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sales M, Levinger P, Polman R. Relationships between self perceptions and physical activity behaviour, fear of falling, and physical function among older adults. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2017; 14:17. [PMID: 28943974 PMCID: PMC5607601 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-017-0185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There has been a lack of research examining the relationship among self-perceptions, behaviour, cognitions and functioning in older adults. This study, therefore, examined the relationship between global and physical self-perceptions, physical activity behaviour, and fear of falling taking into considerations objective measures of physical functioning in community dwelling older adults. Methods/design Sixty-six participants between 60 and 90 years old (71.9 ± 6.6 years; 47 females; 19 males) completed questionnaires assessing physical and global self-description (PSDQ), planned and incidental physical activity behaviour (IPEQ), and falls efficacy (Short FES-I) as well as tests measuring physical functioning. Backwards multiple linear regression modelling was used to assess possible relationships among variables. Results Findings showed that physical self-perceptions (activity, coordination, endurance, flexibility) were associated with self-reported planned and incidental PA whereas sit-to-stand was the only objectively measured physical functioning variable associated with planned PA. Similarly, more falls, global self-esteem, general physical and domain specific physical self-perceptions (flexibility and strength) as well as knee strength were associated with fear of falling. There were also associations between some of the objectively measured physical functioning variables and self-perceptions of the physical self, providing some predictive validity for the PDSQ. Conclusions The findings of this study come to corroborate that the belief system of older adults ideally need to be taken into consideration when designing interventions that aim to enhance PA behaviour or reduce fear of falling. Coupling that with goal-setting, life coaching and behaviour change strategies would also be beneficial to address engagement and adherence to such interventions. Trial registration This trial was retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry - Registry No. ACTRN12614000700639 on the Jul 03rd 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrla Sales
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Pazit Levinger
- Associate Professor and Group Discipline Leader Exercise Science and Clinical Rehabilitation, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Remco Polman
- Professor and Head of School Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane, Australia
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Akosile CO, Mgbeojedo UG, Maruf FA, Okoye EC, Umeonwuka IC, Ogunniyi A. Depression, functional disability and quality of life among Nigerian older adults: Prevalences and relationships. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 74:39-43. [PMID: 28954240 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is associated with increased morbidity, depression and decline in function. These may consequently impair the quality of life (QoL) of older adults. PURPOSE This study was used to investigate the prevalence of functional disability, depression, and level of quality of life of older adults residing in Uyo metropolis and its environs, Nigeria. METHOD This cross sectional survey involved 206 (116 females and 90 males) older adults with mean age of 69.8±6.7. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD, Functional status Questionnaire (FSQ) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were used to measure quality of life, functional disability and depression respectively. Data was analysed using frequency counts and percentages and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient, at 0.05 alpha level. RESULTS 45.5% of participants had depression, and at least 30% had functional disability in at least one domain, but their quality of life was fairly good (>60.0%) across all domains. Significant correlation existed between depression scores and individual quality of life and functional disability domains and between overall QoL and each functional disability domain (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Depression and functional disability were quite prevalent among sampled older adults but their QOL was not too severely affected. Since the constructs were interrelated, it seems interventions targeted at depression and functional status may invariably enhance the quality of life of the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Fatai Adesina Maruf
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi Chuka Umeonwuka
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Ogunniyi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Vitorino LM, Teixeira CAB, Boas ELV, Pereira RL, Santos NOD, Rozendo CA. Fear of falling in older adults living at home: associated factors. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2017; 51:e03215. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2016223703215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify the factors associated with the fear of falling in the older adultliving at home. METHOD Cross-sectional study with probabilistic sampling of older adultenrolled in two Family Health Strategies (FHS). The fear of falling was measured by the Brazilian version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International and by a household questionnairethat contained the explanatory variables. Multiple Linear Regression using the stepwise selection technique and the Generalized Linear Models were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS A total of170 older adultsparticipated in the research, 85 from each FHS. The majority (57.1%) aged between 60 and 69; 67.6% were female; 46.1% fell once in the last year. The majority of the older adults(66.5%) had highfear of falling. In the final multiple linear regression model, it was identified that a higher number of previous falls, female gender, older age, and worse health self-assessment explained 37% of the fear of falling among the older adult. CONCLUSION The findings reinforce the need to assess the fear of falling among the older adultliving at home, in conjunction with the development and use ofstrategies based on modifiable factors by professionalsto reduce falls and improve health status, which may contribute to the reduction of the fear of falling among the older adult.
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