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Troisi F, Guida P, Di Monaco A, Romanazzi I, Vitulano N, Quadrini F, Valenti N, Davì V, Bonaparte I, Surgo A, Carbonara R, Guglielmo FCD, Calbi R, Ciliberti MP, Fiorentino A, Grimaldi M. Left atrial strain after paroxysmal atrial fibrillation linac-based cardiac radioablation in elderly population. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2024:10.1007/s10554-024-03187-8. [PMID: 38985214 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-024-03187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) may increase the risk of complication in aged patients. Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is a non-invasive therapeutic alternative for cardiac arrhythmia. This sub-study evaluated left atrial strain (LAS) in elderly AF patients underwent STAR. Symptomatic paroxysmal AF patients aged > 70 years, with antiarrhythmic drugs failure or intolerance, enrolled in a phase II trial that have demonstrated the feasibility of LINAC-based STAR (total dose of 25 Gy single fraction delivered in 3 min), performed a 15-day electrocardiogram Holter monitoring to detect AF episodes (≥ 30 s) and an echocardiographic LAS evaluation before and after STAR (at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month). Out 18 patients underwent STAR in the trial, 16 (7 males, 78 ± 5 years) completed the follow-up for LAS study. No baseline difference in echocardiographic and LAS parameters was observed between the 9 patients with AF recurrence during follow-up and those who maintained sinus rhythm. At 6- and 12-month after STAR, LAS reservoir was lower in patients with AF episodes than those without (respectively, p = 0.039 and p = 0.001). Values of left atrial area and volume as well as LAS conduit and contractile phase were not statistically significant different by patient's outcome across evaluations. Although no baseline LAS parameter before STAR seems predict AF recurrence after treatment in elderly patients, lower values of reservoir phase were observed during follow-up in those experiencing AF episodes. More research is needed to better assess the value of LAS monitoring in paroxysmal AF patients underwent Stereotactic cardiac radioablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Troisi
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy.
| | - Pietro Guida
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Monaco
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Imma Romanazzi
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulano
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Federico Quadrini
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Noemi Valenti
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
| | - Valerio Davì
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bonaparte
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Surgo
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Carbonara
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Calbi
- Department of Radiology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Ciliberti
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Alba Fiorentino
- Radiation Oncology, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, LUM University, Casamassima, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Grimaldi
- Cardiology Department, Regional General Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, 70021, Italy
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Campora A, Lisi M, Pastore MC, Mandoli GE, Ferrari Chen YF, Pasquini A, Rubboli A, Henein MY, Cameli M. Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Myopathy, and Thromboembolism: The Additive Value of Echocardiography and Possible New Horizons for Risk Stratification. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3921. [PMID: 38999487 PMCID: PMC11242512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac sustained arrhythmia, and it is associated with increased stroke and dementia risk. While the established paradigm attributes these complications to blood stasis within the atria and subsequent thrombus formation with cerebral embolization, recent evidence suggests that atrial myopathy (AM) may play a key role. AM is characterized by structural and functional abnormalities of the atria, and can occur with or without AF. Moving beyond classifications based solely on episode duration, the 4S-AF characterization has offered a more comprehensive approach, incorporating patient's stroke risk, symptom severity, AF burden, and substrate assessment (including AM) for tailored treatment decisions. The "ABC" pathway emphasizes anticoagulation, symptom control, and cardiovascular risk modification and emerging evidence suggests broader benefits of early rhythm control strategies, potentially reducing stroke and dementia risk and improving clinical outcomes. However, a better integration of AM assessment into the current framework holds promise for further personalizing AF management and optimizing patient outcomes. This review explores the emerging concept of AM and its potential role as a risk factor for stroke and dementia and in AF patients' management strategies, highlighting the limitations of current risk stratification methods, like the CHA2DS2-VASc score. Echocardiography, particularly left atrial (LA) strain analysis, has shown to be a promising non-invasive tool for AM evaluation and recent studies suggest that LA strain analysis may be a more sensitive risk stratifier for thromboembolic events than AF itself, with some studies showing a stronger association between LA strain and thromboembolic events compared to traditional risk factors. Integrating it into routine clinical practice could improve patient management and targeted therapies for AF and potentially other thromboembolic events. Future studies are needed to explore the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation in AM patients with and without AF and to refine the diagnostic criteria for AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Campora
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Lisi
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology-AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Pastore
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Elena Mandoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Yu Fu Ferrari Chen
- Cardiovascular Division, Pisa University Hospital and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pasquini
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rubboli
- Department of Emergency, Internal Medicine and Cardiology-AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Michael Y Henein
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Brás PG, Cunha PS, Timóteo AT, Portugal G, Galrinho A, Laranjo S, Cruz MC, Valente B, Rio P, Delgado AS, Paulo M, Brás M, Ferreira RC, Oliveira MM, Branco LM. Evaluation of left atrial strain imaging and integrated backscatter as predictors of recurrence in patients with paroxysmal, persistent, and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024; 67:479-492. [PMID: 37414922 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-023-01602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired left atrial (LA) strain predicts atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation (CA), but currently there is no cut-off to guide patient selection for CA. Integrated backscatter (IBS) is a promising tool for noninvasive quantification of myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study was to compare LA strain and IBS between paroxysmal, persistent, and long-standing persistent AF and evaluate their association with AF recurrence after CA. METHODS Analysis of consecutive patients with symptomatic paroxysmal and persistent AF who underwent CA. LA phasic strain, strain rate and IBS were assessed by two-dimensional speckle-tracking at baseline. RESULTS We analyzed 78 patients, 31% with persistent AF (46% long-standing AF), 65% male, mean age 59 ± 14 years, who underwent CA and were followed-up for 12 months. AF recurrence occurred in 22 (28%) patients. LA phasic strain parameters were significantly impaired in patients with AF recurrence and were independent predictors of AF recurrence in a multivariable analysis. LA reservoir strain (LASr) < 18% predicted AF recurrence with 86% sensitivity and 71% specificity, with a higher predictive power compared to LA volume index (LAVI). LASr < 22% in paroxysmal AF and LASr < 12% in persistent AF correlated with AF recurrence. Increased IBS was a predictor of AF recurrence in patients with paroxysmal AF. CONCLUSION LA phasic strain parameters were predictors of AF recurrence after CA, independently of LAVI and AF subtype. LASr < 18% showed a higher predictive power compared to LAVI. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of IBS as a predictor of AF recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Garcia Brás
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Silva Cunha
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Timóteo
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Portugal
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Galrinho
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Laranjo
- Department of Physiology, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Madalena Coutinho Cruz
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Valente
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Rio
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Delgado
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Paulo
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Brás
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário Martins Oliveira
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Physiology, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luísa Moura Branco
- Cardiology Department, Santa Marta Hospital, Central Lisbon Hospital University Center, Rua de Santa Marta, n.50, 1169-024, Lisbon, Portugal
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Mitran RE, Popa-Fotea NM, Iorgulescu C, Nastasa A, Pupaza A, Gondos V, Petre IG, Paja SC, Vatasescu RG. Left Atrial Low-Voltage Areas Predict the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Radiofrequency Ablation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3261. [PMID: 38137482 PMCID: PMC10740849 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most frequently encountered arrhythmia worldwide, is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Left atrial (LA) and antral region of the pulmonary veins (PVs) remodeling are risk factors for AF perpetuation. Among the methods of LA fibrosis quantification, bipolar voltage mapping during three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping is less studied. The main aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the degree of LA fibrosis quantified in low-voltage areas and the efficacy of AF radiofrequency catheter ablation. All consecutive patients with AF ablation were included, and the degree of LA fibrosis was measured based on the low-voltage areas in the LA and the antral region of PVs (<0.5 mV for patients in sinus rhythm and <0.25 mV for patients in AF at the time of the ablation procedure). The efficacy of AF ablation was determined by the rate of recurrence after a blanking period of three months. A total of 106 patients were included; from these, 38 (35.8%) had AF recurrence after RF ablation, while 68 (64.2%) were free of events. The area and percentage of LA fibrosis were significantly higher in the patients with AF recurrence (p = 0.018 and p = 0.019, respectively). However, no significant differences were found between the patients with and without AF recurrence in terms of the area and percentage of PVs fibrosis (p = 0.896 and p = 0.888, respectively). Moreover, LA fibrosis parameters proved to be excellent predictors for AF recurrence (areas under the curve of 0.834 and 0.832, respectively, p < 0.001) even after adjustment for LA indexed volume and CHA2DS2-VASc score. In conclusion, LA fibrosis measured on bipolar voltage maps increases the risk of AF recurrence after the RF catheter ablation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca-Elena Mitran
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
| | - Nicoleta-Monica Popa-Fotea
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
- Department IV—Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Iorgulescu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
| | - Alexandrina Nastasa
- Department of Cardiology, “Elias” University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adelina Pupaza
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
| | - Viviana Gondos
- Department of Medical Electronics and Informatics, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ioana-Gabriela Petre
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
- Department IV—Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Steliana-Cosmina Paja
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
| | - Radu-Gabriel Vatasescu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-E.M.); (N.-M.P.-F.); (C.I.); (A.P.); (I.-G.P.); (S.-C.P.)
- Department IV—Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Zhao Y, Wang Y, Hu C, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Chen H, Shu X. Left atrial strain superior to structural remodeling in identifying occult atrial fibrillation. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2023; 51:1301-1307. [PMID: 37615292 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Occult atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant risk factor for occult stroke but is difficult to detect. Myocardial strain, based on speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), can detect subclinical changes in left atrial (LA) function. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of LA strain in identifying asymptomatic AF patients with normal electrocardiograms and healthy volunteers. METHODS A total of 354 subjects were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had AF during echocardiography. Patients with sinus rhythm during echocardiography were further divided into healthy control group and occult AF group. Patients with AF during echocardiography were further divided into paroxysmal AF group and persistent AF group. LA mechanical function measured by STE was compared between patients with asymptomatic AF and volunteers. Conventional echocardiographic indicators were measured. The diagnostic value of LA strain for identifying asymptomatic AF was assessed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Occult AF patients had higher NT-proBNP levels, larger RA area, larger LAVmax and decreased LAEF than control group. However, occult AF patients had lower NT-proBNP levels, RA area and LAVmax and higher LAEF than paroxysmal and persistent AF. The measured LA reservoir strain (LASr), LA conduit strain (LAScd), LA contraction strain (LASct) of occult AF group was significantly lower than that of control group. However, occult AF patients had preserved LAScd and LASct than paroxysmal and persistent AF. RA area, LAEF and LASr were remarkable correlation with occult AF after adjustment for NT-proBNP, LAVmax, and LAScd. The area under curve of ROC for LASr was the greatest among RA area, LAEF and LASr, with a cut-off value of 34.1% (sensitivity: 75.4%, specificity: 87.6%). CONCLUSION LASr can identify occult AF in the asymptomatic population. Patients with LASr values ≤34.1% have a higher incidence of occult cardiac dysfunction. These findings help identify patients with occult AF and further risk stratification for the AF population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunqiang Hu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Cheng
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianhong Shu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China
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Hassib M, Barssoum K, Kumar A, Agrawal A, Bansal A, Alreshq R, Alhuarrat MAD, Hamilton S, Elkhouly A, Haq M, Pahuja K, Bchech G, Abdou C, Chatila K, Rai D, Nanda N, Khalife W. Atrial Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for Detecting Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101883. [PMID: 37343775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Cryptogenic stroke (CS) accounts for approximately 25% of ischemic stroke cases, with atrial fibrillation (AF) accounting for 30% of CS cases. We investigated the utility of left atrial (LA) speckle-tracking echocardiography in identifying patients at high risk of AF after CS and potentially guiding patients who will benefit from long-term rhythm monitoring devices. Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies. We included studies that examined patients with new CS without a history of AF and further examined LA strain parameters (peak and/or reservoir strain). Continuous data were pooled as a mean difference (MD) comparing patients who developed AF vs no AF. We used the inverse variance method with the DerSimonian-Laird estimator for tau2 and Hartung-Knapp adjustment for random effect analysis. I2 was used to assess heterogeneity. Thirteen observational studies met our criteria and included 3031 patients with new CS. Of those, 420 patients developed AF on follow-up, and 2611 patients did not develop AF. The AF group vs. no AF had significantly reduced LA reservoir strain (LARS) [MD: -8.61; 95% CI: -10.76, -6.47, I2 = 85%, p < 0.01] at presentation. LARS is significantly lower in patients who developed AF after CS. More studies are needed to validate this data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohab Hassib
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Kirolos Barssoum
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankit Agrawal
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Rabah Alreshq
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Majd Al Deen Alhuarrat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Steven Hamilton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University-St Francis Medical Center, 601 Hamilton Ave, Trenton, NJ
| | - Ahmed Elkhouly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University-St Francis Medical Center, 601 Hamilton Ave, Trenton, NJ
| | - Muhammad Haq
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University-St Francis Medical Center, 601 Hamilton Ave, Trenton, NJ
| | - Karan Pahuja
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University-St Francis Medical Center, 601 Hamilton Ave, Trenton, NJ
| | - George Bchech
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University-St Francis Medical Center, 601 Hamilton Ave, Trenton, NJ
| | | | - Khaled Chatila
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Devesh Rai
- Department of Cardiology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY.
| | - Navin Nanda
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama, Tinsley Harrison Tower, Birmingham, AL
| | - Wissam Khalife
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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7
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Miceli S, Cassano V, Clausi E, Armentaro G, Tallarico V, Dallimonti Perini D, Succurro E, Maio R, Perticone M, Hribal ML, Montalcini T, Andreozzi F, Sesti G, Sciacqua A. One-hour post-load glucose and subclinical left atrial myocardial dysfunction in hypertensive patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14009. [PMID: 37096889 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, studies demonstrated that normal glucose-tolerant subjects (NGT) with 1-h post-load plasma glucose value ≥155 mg/dL during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (NGT ≥ 155) present an impaired cardio-metabolic profile, with subclinical myocardial damage. Atrial morphological and functional alterations, closely related to diastolic dysfunction, are important predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in the entire population as well as in diabetic patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate subclinical atrial myocardial damage, assessed with speckle tracking echocardiography, in NGT≥155 mg/dL patients, comparing to NGT < 155 mg/dL subjects, impaired glucose tolerant (IGT) individuals and patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS We enrolled 229 Caucasian patients. All subjects underwent anthropometrical and haemodynamic parameters evaluation, OGTT, advanced Colour-Doppler echocardiography with evaluation of main atrial and ventricular parameters. RESULTS As expected, from first to the fourth group there was a worsening of the metabolic profile as attested by fasting, 1- and 2-h post-load plasma glucose levels, during OGTT. Moreover, from NGT < 155 to T2DM group there was an impairment in reservoir and pump atrial function (PALS and PACS, respectively) (p < .0001). CONCLUSION Present data demonstrated for the first time that NGT≥155 subjects present subclinical atrial dysfunction. These results may be clinically relevant because they highlight how atrial myopathy occurs early in pre-diabetes stage regardless of fibrotic and morphological alterations of the ventricular myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Miceli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Velia Cassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elvira Clausi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Armentaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Tallarico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Dallimonti Perini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Succurro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaele Maio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta L Hribal
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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8
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Krizanovic-Grgic I, Anwer S, Steffel J, Hofer D, Saguner AM, Spengler CM, Breitenstein A, Tanner FC. 3D Atrial Strain for Predicting Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Pulmonary Vein Isolation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113696. [PMID: 37297892 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Association of two-(2D) and three-dimensional (3D) left atrial strain (LAS) and low-voltage area (LVA) with recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS 3D LAS, 2D LAS, and LVA were obtained in 93 consecutive patients undergoing PVI and recurrence of AF was analyzed prospectively. AF recurred in 12 patients (13%). The 3D left atrial reservoir strain (LARS) and pump strain (LAPS) were lower in patients with recurrent AF than without (p = 0.008 and p = 0.009, respectively). In univariable Cox regression, 3D LARS or LAPS were associated with recurrent AF (LARS: HR = 0.89 (0.81-0.99), p = 0.025; LAPS: HR = 1.40 (1.02-1.92), p = 0.040), while other values were not. Association of 3D LARS or LAPS with recurrent AF was independent of age, body mass index, arterial hypertension, left ventricular ejection fraction, and end-diastolic volume index and left atrial volume index in multivariable models. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that patients with 3D LAPS < -5.9% did not exhibit recurrent AF, while those >-5.9% had a significant risk of recurrent AF. CONCLUSIONS 3D LARS and LAPS were associated with recurrent AF after PVI. Association of 3D LAS was independent of relevant clinical and echocardiographic parameters and improved their predictive value. Hence, they may be applied for outcome prediction in patients undergoing PVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Krizanovic-Grgic
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zürich), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shehab Anwer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Steffel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hofer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ardan M Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina M Spengler
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zürich), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Breitenstein
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix C Tanner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Chen J, Zhao Y, Ma C, Du X, He Y, Li H. Left atrial deformation and risk of transient ischemic attack and stroke in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32745. [PMID: 36705350 PMCID: PMC9875984 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Left atrial (LA) remodeling is closely related to the occurrence of cerebral stroke; however, the relationship between early-stage impaired deformability of the left atrium and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in LA deformability and to assess its relationship with stroke/TIA events using speckle tracking echocardiography. A total of 365 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (non-stroke/TIA [n = 318]; stroke/TIA [n = 47]) underwent comprehensive echocardiography with speckle tracking imaging to calculate mean LA longitudinal strain and strain rate values from apical 4-chamber, 2-chamber, and 3-chamber views. The stroke/TIA group was older, had a greater proportion of males, and had lower LA strain rate during left ventricular early diastole (SRE), and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). On univariate linear regression analysis, the following clinical and conventional echocardiographic parameters showed a significant linear correlation (P < .001) with SRE: E/A ratio; LA volume index (VI); body mass index; mean E/e'; left ventricular ejection fraction; age; and hypertension. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a linear dependence between SRE and E/A ratio, LA VI, and body mass index. The regression equation was y = -1.430-0.394X1 + 0.012X2 + 0.019X3 (P < .001) (y, SRE; X1, E/A ratio; X2, LA VI; X3, body mass index). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, SRE and sex ratio were independent risk factors for stroke/TIA (SRE, odds ratio 2.945 [95% confidence interval 1.092-7.943]; P = .033; sex, odds ratio 0.462 [95% confidence interval 0.230-0.930]; P = .031). Among patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, SRE reflected impaired deformability of the left atrium in the early stages and was associated with the risk of stroke/TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Echocardiography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Fetal Heart Disease and Maternal Fetal Medicine Research Laboratories, Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changsheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihua He
- Fetal Heart Disease and Maternal Fetal Medicine Research Laboratories, Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * Correspondence: Hong Li, Fetal Heart Disease and Maternal Fetal Medicine Research Laboratories, Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, No. 2, Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail: )
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Ultrasound. The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen, China
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10
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Li Y, Li Y, Sun L, Ye X, Cai Q, Zhu W, Guo D, Ding X, Wang J, Lv X. Left atrial strain for predicting recurrence in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: a single-center two-dimensional speckle tracking retrospective study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:468. [PMID: 36335294 PMCID: PMC9637312 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), a good many of patients still have a recurrence following post-operation. Prediction of AF recurrence by evaluating left atrial (LA) phase function with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) may be helpful for risk stratification and clinical management for AF patients. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the prognostic value of LA strains in non-valvular AF patients after CA. Methods A total of 95 non-valvular AF patients (70.5% paroxysmal AF, 56.8% males, mean age 63.2 ± 9.7 years) were included in this retrospective study between October 2019 and August 2020. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all the subjects and STE was used to analyze the LA reservoir strain (LASr), LA conduit strain (LAScd) and LA contractile strain (LASct) during different phases before CA. Patients were followed up with until January 2022. The endpoint was AF recurrence. Results Over a median follow-up period of 26.0 months (interquartile range, 24.7–26.7 months), 26 patients experienced recurrence and 69 stayed in sinus rhythm. Compared with no-recurrence group, maximum volume of LA (LAVmax), minimum volume of LA (LAVmin) and LA volume index (LAVI) were increased in the recurrence group, while LAEF, LASr and LASct were worsened (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that LASct was an independent predictor of AF recurrence (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82–0.97; P = 0.007) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed an area under the curve of LASct<8% was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.59–0.79; P = 0.0008). Conclusions LASct was of independent predictive value of AF recurrence. LA function assessed by STE may contribute to the risk stratification for AF patients and selection of suitable patients for CA.
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11
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Yu ZX, Yang W, Yin WS, Peng KX, Pan YL, Chen WW, Du BB, He YQ, Yang P. Clinical utility of left atrial strain in predicting atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: An up-to-date review. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:8063-8075. [PMID: 36159552 PMCID: PMC9403688 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i23.8063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythm control is the core part of the integrated management of atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in the early stages. Despite advances in catheter ablation (CA), the recurrence rate of AF after CA remains high. As a result, stratification and early management of AF recurrence after CA are critical. Currently, predictors of recurrence of AF after CA are mostly based on dysfunction caused by structural remodeling, apart from traditional risk factors. Atrial strain is a recently developed important parameter for detecting the deformability of atrial myocardium during the cardiac cycle prior to atrial remodeling. Although there is only preliminary evidence, atrial strain is still a promising parameter in predicting the recurrence of AF after CA at an early stage. This review focuses on the evaluation of atrial strain, the current applications of atrial strain in assessing atrial function, and predicting the recurrence of AF after CA. We summarize the contents related as follows: (1) CA for rhythm control in AF; (2) Evaluation methods of atrial strain; (3) Atrial strain in the remodeling and reverse remodeling of AF; and (4) Clinical applications of atrial strain in predicting the recurrence of AF after CA. Although there is accumulating evidence on the role of decreased atrial strain in the early prediction of AF recurrence, atrial strain is limited in clinical practice for lacking exact cut-off values and difficulty in distinguishing specific function phases of the atrium. More research is needed in the future to add strength to the early prediction value of atrial strain in AF recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wei-Si Yin
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ke-Xin Peng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi-Lin Pan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bei-Bei Du
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yu-Quan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun 130031, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
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12
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Karaliūtė R, Leleika A, Apanavičiūtė I, Kazakevičius T, Mizarienė V, Zabiela V, Kavoliūnienė A, Ragaišytė N, Urbonienė D, Šakalytė G. Risk Factors of Early Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Following Electrical Cardioversion When Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Is Preserved. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58081053. [PMID: 36013520 PMCID: PMC9416115 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: To identify clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory parameters that affect the early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after restoring sinus rhythm (SR) by electrical cardioversion (ECV), and to determine whether left atrial (LA) strain, as a noninvasive indicator reflecting fibrosis, is associated with laboratory indicators affecting the development of fibrosis, interleukin 6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Materials and Methods: The study included 92 persistent AF patients who underwent elective ECV. The effective maintenance of SR was evaluated after 40 ± 10 days of ECV. Echocardiography, inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-6, and TNF-α), and natriuretic peptides (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and N-terminal pro a-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP)) were assessed. Results: After a 40 ± 10 days observation period, 51 patients (55.4%) were in SR. Patients with AF recurrence had a significantly longer duration of AF (p = 0.008) and of arterial hypertension (p = 0.035), lower LA ejection fraction (p = 0.009), lower LA strain (p < 0.0001), higher left ventricular global longitudinal strain (p = 0.001), and a higher E/e‘ ratio (p < 0.0001). LA strain was an independent predictor of early AF recurrence (OR: 0.65; 95% Cl 0.5−0.9, p = 0.004). LA strain < 11.85% predicted AF recurrence with 70% sensitivity and 88% specificity (AUC 0.855, 95% CI 0.77−0.94, p < 0.0001). LA strain demonstrated the association with NT-proBNP (r = −0.489, p < 0.0001) and NT-proANP (r = −0.378, p = 0.002), as well as with hs-CRP (r = −0.243, p = 0.04). Conclusions: LA strain appeared to be the most accurate predictor of early AF recurrence after ECV in patients with persistent AF. LA strain inversely correlated with NT-proBNP and NT-proANP, but no significant association with any of the inflammatory markers was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Karaliūtė
- Laboratory of Behavioural Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Arnoldas Leleika
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Medicine Faculty, Medicine Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence: (R.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Ieva Apanavičiūtė
- Medicine Faculty, Medicine Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Kazakevičius
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Mizarienė
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Zabiela
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aušra Kavoliūnienė
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nijolė Ragaišytė
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Urbonienė
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintarė Šakalytė
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Kaunas Region Society of Cardiology, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Baalman SWE, van den Berg NWE, Neefs J, Berger WR, Meulendijks ER, de Bruin-Bon RHACM, Bouma BJ, van Boven WJP, Driessen AHG, de Groot JR. Left atrial strain and recurrence of atrial fibrillation after thoracoscopic surgical ablation: a subanalysis of the AFACT study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 38:2615-2624. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-022-02645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTo assess transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) left atrial (LA) strain parameters and their association with atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after thoracoscopic surgical ablation (SA) in patients in sinus rhythm (SR) or in AF at baseline. Patients participating in the Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Autonomic Modulation via Thoracoscopic Surgery trial were included. All patients underwent thoracoscopic pulmonary vein isolation with LA appendage exclusion and were randomized to ganglion plexus (GP) or no GP ablation. In TTEs performed before surgery, LA strain and mechanical dispersion (MD) of the LA reservoir and conduit phase in all patients, and of the contraction phase in patients in SR were obtained. Recurrence of AF was defined as any documented atrial tachyarrhythmia lasting > 30 s during one year of follow-up. Two hundred and four patients (58.6 ± 7.8 years, 73% male, 57% persistent AF) were included. At baseline TTE 121 (59%) were in SR and 83 (41%) had AF. Patients with AF recurrence had lower LA strain of the reservoir phase (13.0% vs. 16.6%; p = < 0.001) and a less decrease in strain of the conduit phase (−9.0% vs. −11.8%; p = 0.006), regardless of rhythm. MD of the conduit phase was larger in patients with AF recurrence (79.4 vs. 43.5 ms; p = 0.012). Multivariate cox regression analysis demonstrated solely an association between LA strain of the reservoir phase and AF recurrence in patients in SR (HR 0.95, p = 0.046) or with AF (HR 0.90, p = 0.038). A reduction in LA strain of the reservoir phase prior to SA predicts recurrence of AF in both patients with SR or AF. Left atrial strain assessment may therefore add to a better patient selection for SA.
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Kreimer F, Gotzmann M. Left Atrial Cardiomyopathy - A Challenging Diagnosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:942385. [PMID: 35845077 PMCID: PMC9280085 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.942385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Left atrial cardiomyopathy (LACM) has been an ongoing focus of research for several years. There is evidence that LACM is responsible for atrial fibrillation and embolic strokes of undetermined sources. Therefore, the correct diagnosis of LACM is of clinical importance. Various techniques, including electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, electroanatomic mapping, genetic testing, and biomarkers, can both identify and quantify structural, mechanical as well as electrical dysfunction in the atria. However, the question arises whether these techniques can reliably diagnose LACM. Because of its heterogeneity, clinical diagnosis is challenging. To date, there are no recommendations for standardized diagnosis of suspected LACM. However, standardization could help to classify LACM more precisely and derive therapeutic directions to improve individual patient management. In addition, uniform diagnostic criteria for LACM could be important for future studies. Combining several parameters and relating them seems beneficial to approach the diagnosis of LACM. This review provides an overview of the current evidence regarding the diagnosis of LACM, in which several potential parameters are discussed and, consequently, a proposal for a diagnostic algorithm is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Kreimer
- University Hospital St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Cardiology and Rhythmology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Gotzmann
- University Hospital St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Cardiology and Rhythmology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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15
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Matei LL, Popescu RM, Popescu AC, Bălănescu ȘM. Early Echocardiographic Predictors for Atrial Fibrillation Propensity: The Left Atrium Oracle. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:205. [PMID: 39077189 PMCID: PMC11273662 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2306205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) results from structural and electrical remodeling of the atria, primarily of the left atrium (LA); therefore, LA changes, both anatomical and functional are recognized as proarrhythmic markers with a powerful prognostic value. Being widely available and noninvasive, echocardiography is used to monitor LA form and function in clinical practice. Early functional (electrical) remodeling of the LA precedes anatomical alterations. Impaired LA functions and reduced atrial compliance due to atrial fibrosis may be evaluated using novel echocardiographic techniques, such as tissue Doppler analysis and speckle tracking. Functional evaluation of the LA conveys prognostic information about the risk of AF, as the severity of the impairment is an independent predictor of new-onset AF and AF recurrence. However, specific parameters are still investigated for incorporation into algorithms to predict future AF occurrence. The aim of the review is to summarize echocardiographic parameters, their predicting value and applicability in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia-Lucia Matei
- Cardiothoracic Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Mihaela Popescu
- Cardiothoracic Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Catarina Popescu
- Cardiothoracic Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Șerban Mihai Bălănescu
- Cardiothoracic Medicine Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
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16
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Sun M, Xing Y, Guo Y, Cao X, Nie Y, Shu X. Left atrial reservoir strain is an outstanding predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: Assessment via three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Clin Cardiol 2022; 45:549-557. [PMID: 35312072 PMCID: PMC9045074 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of literature focusing left atrium (LA) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Hypothesis We used three‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) to evaluate LA in MHD patients and to explore its predictive value for adverse outcomes. Methods Echocardiography was performed on 130 consecutively enrolled MHD patients without previous cardiac diseases. Conventional and 3DSTE parameters of LA were obtained. The MHD cohort was then followed and the end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). LA strain indices, including reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain (LAScd), and contractile strain (LASct), were measured and compared between patients with and without MACEs. Results Patients were prospectively followed up for a median of 40.5 (interquartile range: 26.3–48.0) months. During follow‐up, 43 patients met the end point. These patients had larger LA size and reduced LA strains (LA maximal volume indexed: 45.1 ± 11.9 vs. 33.8 ± 6.9ml/m2; LASr: 20.2 ± 3.5 vs. 27.2 ± 3.3%; LAScd: −12.3 ± 5.2 vs. −14.5±4.0%; LASct: −8.0 ± 4.2 vs. −13.2 ± 3.7%; all p<.05), compared with those without MACEs. Multivariable regression analysis showed LASr was the strongest predictor of MACEs (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.54–0.89; p=.004). Univarite Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed the incidence of MACEs in the impaired LASr (<24.2%) group was significantly higher than in the normal LASr group (log rank p<.001). Conclusions LASr derived from 3DSTE is an independent predictor of MACEs and cardiac death in MHD patients, superior to LV parameters and LA volume indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Sun
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Xing
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesen Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianhong Shu
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Katogiannis K, Makavos G, Tsilivarakis D, Plotas P, Lambadiari V, Parissis J, Noutsias M, Ikonomidis I. Left atrial deformation in heart failure: a clinical update. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022:101183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Lisi M, Cameli M, Mandoli GE, Pastore MC, Righini FM, D'Ascenzi F, Focardi M, Rubboli A, Mondillo S, Henein MY. Detection of myocardial fibrosis by speckle-tracking echocardiography: from prediction to clinical applications. Heart Fail Rev 2022; 27:1857-1867. [PMID: 35043264 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) represents the underlying pathologic condition of many cardiac disease, leading to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure (HF). Biopsy studies have shown the presence of MF in patients with decompensating HF despite apparently normal cardiac function. In fact, basic indices of left ventricular (LV) function, such as LV ejection fraction (EF), fail to recognize subtle LV dysfunction caused by MF. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is currently recognized as the gold standard imaging investigation for the detection of focal and diffuse cardiac chambers MF; however, its use is limited by its availability and the use of contrast agents, while echocardiography remains the first level cardiac imaging technique due to its low cost, portability and high accessibility. Advanced echocardiographic techniques, above all speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE), have demonstrated reliability for early detection of structural myocardial abnormalities and for the prediction of prognosis in acute and chronic HF. Myocardial strain of both ventricles and also left atrium has been shown to correlate with the degree of MF, providing useful prognostic information in several diseases, such as HF, cardiomyopathies and valvular heart disease. This paper aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology of MF and the clinical application of STE for the prediction of left and right heart chambers MF in HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lisi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease - AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria Delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University and Heart Centre, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Elena Mandoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Pastore
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Righini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Flavio D'Ascenzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marta Focardi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Rubboli
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease - AUSL Romagna, Division of Cardiology, Ospedale S. Maria Delle Croci, Viale Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Sergio Mondillo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Michael Y Henein
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University and Heart Centre, Umeå, Sweden
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19
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Benjamin MM, Moulki N, Waqar A, Ravipati H, Schoenecker N, Wilber D, Kinno M, Rabbat M, Sanagala T, Syed MA. Association of left atrial strain by cardiovascular magnetic resonance with recurrence of atrial fibrillation following catheter ablation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2022; 24:3. [PMID: 34980165 PMCID: PMC8722067 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive condition, which is characterized by inflammation/fibrosis of left atrial (LA) wall, an increase in the LA size/volumes, and decrease in LA function. We sought to investigate the relationship of anatomical and functional parameters obtained by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), with AF recurrence in paroxysmal AF (pAF) patients after catheter ablation. METHODS We studied 80 consecutive pAF patients referred for ablation, between January 2014 and December 2019, who underwent pre- and post-ablation CMR while in sinus rhythm. LA volumes were measured using the area-length method and included maximum, minimum, and pre-atrial-contraction volumes. CMR-derived LA reservoir strain (ℇR), conduit strain (ℇCD), and contractile strain (ℇCT) were measured by computer assisted manual planimetry. We used a multivariate logistical regression to estimate the independent predictors of AF recurrence after ablation. RESULTS Mean age was 58.6 ± 9.4 years, 75% men, mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 1.7, 36% had prior cardioversion and 51% were taking antiarrhythmic drugs. Patients were followed for a median of 4 years (Q1-Q3 = 2.5-6.2 years). Of the 80 patients, 21 (26.3%) patients had AF recurrence after ablation. There were no significant differences between AF recurrence vs. no recurrence groups in age, gender, CHA2DS2-VASc score, or baseline comorbidities. At baseline, patients with AF recurrence compared to without recurrence had lower LV end systolic volume index (32 ± 7 vs 37 ± 11 mL/m2; p = 0.045) and lower ℇCT (7.1 ± 4.6 vs 9.1 ± 3.7; p = 0.05). Post-ablation, patients with AF recurrence had higher LA minimum volume (68 ± 32 vs 55 ± 23; p = 0.05), right atrial volume index (62 ± 20 vs 52 ± 19 mL/m2; p = 0.04) and lower LA active ejection fraction (24 ± 8 vs 29 ± 11; p = 0.05), LA total ejection fraction (39 ± 14 vs 46 ± 12; p = 0.02), LA expansion index (73.6 ± 37.5 vs 94.7 ± 37.1; p = 0.03) and ℇCT (6.2 ± 2.9 vs 7.3 ± 1.7; p = 0.04). Adjusting for clinical variables in the multivariate logistic regression model, post-ablation minimum LA volume (OR 1.09; CI 1.02-1.16), LA expansion index (OR 0.98; CI 0.96-0.99), and baseline ℇR (OR 0.92; CI 0.85-0.99) were independently associated with AF recurrence. CONCLUSION Significant changes in LA volumes and strain parameters occur after AF ablation. CMR derived baseline ℇR, post-ablation minimum LAV, and expansion index are independently associated with AF recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina M Benjamin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Naeem Moulki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Aneeq Waqar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Harish Ravipati
- Department of Internal Medicine, MacNeal Hospital, Berwyn, IL, USA
| | - Nancy Schoenecker
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - David Wilber
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Menhel Kinno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mark Rabbat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Thriveni Sanagala
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mushabbar A Syed
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
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20
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Anagnostopoulos I, Kousta M, Kossyvakis C, Lakka E, Paraskevaidis NT, Schizas N, Deftereos S, Giannopoulos G. The role of left atrial peak systolic strain in atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Cardiol 2021; 77:536-544. [PMID: 34412575 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2021.1965747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the prognostic role of left atrial peak systolic longitudinal strain (LA-PLSsys) as a predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation. METHODS We systematically searched major electronic databases and grey literature for studies assessing the role of pre-ablation LA-PLSsys, measured in at least two segments, in post-ablation AF recurrence, after a follow-up period of at least 6 months. RESULTS Seventeen eligible studies were included, resulting in 1704 patients (68.6% men) with a pooled mean age of 59.9 ± 10.6 years, 65.9% with paroxysmal AF. Recurrence occurred in 32.7% of patients. Those without recurrence had significantly higher LA-PLSsys (pooled mean ± SD: 22.22 ± 10.64%, weighted mean difference: 5.43%, 95%CI: 4.03-6.84%, I2: 82.7%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the methodology used (echocardiographic view and segments assessed), was a significant source of heterogeneity (p = 0.02). Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that the effect size was inversely related to the baseline LA volume index (p = 0.004), while concerns are also raised about patients with extremely high/low pre-ablation LA strain. CONCLUSIONS Pre-ablation LA-PLSsys seems to be a useful predictor of post-ablation AF recurrence, that could optimise patients selection. Nevertheless, the substantial heterogeneity that was noted may limit its clinical use. Further investigation using a uniform methodological assessment technique is required to derive a reference range, with adequate positive and negative predictive value for recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Kousta
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital “G. Gennimatas”, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Lakka
- Cardiology Department, Athens General Hospital “G. Gennimatas”, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Schizas
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Deftereos
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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21
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Ghafouri K, Franke KB, Foo FS, Stiles MK. Clinical utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to assess the left atrium before catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2021; 339:192-202. [PMID: 34303756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify the role of pre-procedural cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying the association between left atrial (LA) characteristics and post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. These characteristics include LA fibrosis, emptying function, sphericity, volume, volume index, peak strain and post-contrast T1 relaxation time. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane were searched up to July 2020 for English language articles reporting the use of cardiac MRI in catheter ablation for AF. Studies reporting the prognostic value of pre-ablation cardiac MRI were included. All references and citations were filtered for relevant manuscripts. RESULTS Twenty-four publications were identified. Every 10% increase in LA fibrosis was associated with a 1.54-fold increase in post-ablation AF recurrence (95%CI: 1.39-1.70, I2 = 50.1%). Every 10 ml increase in LA volume resulted in a hazard ratio of 1.07 (95%CI:1.03-1.12; I2 = 41.4%) for post-ablation AF recurrence. For LA sphericity, there was no significant association with post-ablation AF recurrence (HR: 1.032 [95%CI: 0.962-1.103, I2 = 49.6%). Egger's test was non-significant for publication bias in all meta-analyses. LA volume index, emptying function, peak strain and post-contrast LA T1 relaxation time had insufficient compatible publications to conduct a meta-analysis. CONCLUSION LA fibrosis quantified by cardiac MRI is associated with risk of AF recurrence after AF ablation, while increased LA volume is associated with AF recurrence to a lesser extent. There remains insufficient evidence to support the routine measurement of LA sphericity, LA volume index, LA emptying function, peak strain and LA T1 relaxation time to predict AF recurrence after AF ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashayar Ghafouri
- The university of Auckland, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023 Auckland, New Zealand..
| | - Kyle B Franke
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Fang Shawn Foo
- Peter Rothwell Academic Centre, Waikato Hospital, Pembroke Street, 3240 Hamilton, New Zealand; North Shore Hospital, 124 Shakespeare Road, Takapuna, 0620 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin K Stiles
- The university of Auckland, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023 Auckland, New Zealand.; Peter Rothwell Academic Centre, Waikato Hospital, Pembroke Street, 3240 Hamilton, New Zealand
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22
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Trivedi SJ, Claessen G, Stefani L, Flannery MD, Brown P, Janssens K, Elliott A, Sanders P, Kalman J, Heidbuchel H, Thomas L, La Gerche A. Differing mechanisms of atrial fibrillation in athletes and non-athletes: alterations in atrial structure and function. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 21:1374-1383. [PMID: 32757003 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) is more common in athletes and may be associated with adverse left atrial (LA) remodelling. We compared LA structure and function in athletes and non-athletes with and without AF. METHODS AND RESULTS Individuals (144) were recruited from four groups (each n = 36): (i) endurance athletes with paroxysmal AF, (ii) endurance athletes without AF, (iii) non-athletes with paroxysmal AF, and (iv) non-athletic healthy controls. Detailed echocardiograms were performed. Athletes had 35% larger LA volumes and 51% larger left ventricular (LV) volumes vs. non-athletes. Non-athletes with AF had increased LA size compared with controls. LA/LV volume ratios were similar in both athlete groups and non-athlete controls, but LA volumes were differentially increased in non-athletes with AF. Diastolic function was impaired in non-athletes with AF vs. non-athletes without, while athletes with and without AF had normal diastolic function. Compared with non-AF athletes, athletes with AF had increased LA minimum volumes (22.6 ± 5.6 vs. 19.2 ± 6.7 mL/m2, P = 0.033), with reduced LA emptying fraction (0.49 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.12, P = 0.02), and LA expansion index (1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.5, P = 0.03). LA reservoir and contractile strain were decreased in athletes and similar to non-athletes with AF. CONCLUSION Functional associations differed between athletes and non-athletes with AF, suggesting different pathophysiological mechanisms. Diastolic dysfunction and reduced strain defined non-athletes with AF. Athletes had low atrial strain and those with AF had enlarged LA volumes and reduced atrial emptying, but preserved LV diastolic parameters. Thus, AF in athletes may be triggered by an atrial myopathy from exercise-induced haemodynamic stretch consequent to increased cardiac output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth J Trivedi
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Guido Claessen
- Sports Cardiology Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luke Stefani
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Darragh Flannery
- Sports Cardiology Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paula Brown
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristel Janssens
- Sports Cardiology Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adrian Elliott
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Prashanthan Sanders
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan Kalman
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Liza Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andre La Gerche
- Sports Cardiology Lab, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,National Centre for Sports Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
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23
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Peigh G, Shah SJ, Patel RB. Left Atrial Myopathy in Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure: Clinical Implications, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Targets. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2021; 18:85-98. [PMID: 33864224 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-021-00510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review discusses the mechanisms, clinical implications, and treatments of left atrial (LA) myopathy in comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) across the spectrum of ejection fraction. RECENT FINDINGS AF and HF are highly comorbid conditions. Left atrial (LA) myopathy, characterized by impairments in LA structure, function, or electrical conduction, plays a fundamental role in the development of both AF and HF with preserved ejection fraction (AF-HFpEF) along with AF and HF with reduced ejection fraction (AF-HFrEF). While the nature of LA myopathy in AF-HFpEF is unique from that of AF-HFrEF, LA myopathy also leads to progression of both of these conditions. There may be a vulnerable cohort of AF-HF patients who have a disproportionate degree of LA myopathy compared with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Further investigations are required to identify therapies to improve LA function in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Peigh
- Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Division of Cardiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 676 N St. Clair Suite 600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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24
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Harada M, Nattel S. Implications of Inflammation and Fibrosis in Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2021; 13:25-35. [PMID: 33516403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrosis causes conduction disturbances and is a central component of atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation. Cardiac fibroblasts, the cells responsible for fibrosis formation, are activated by inflammatory mediators and growth factors associated with systemic inflammatory conditions. Thus, inflammation contributes to atrial fibrosis; the complex interplay of these maladaptive components creates a vicious cycle of atrial remodeling progression, maintaining atrial fibrillation and increasing thrombogenicity. This review provides up-to-date knowledge regarding inflammation and fibrosis in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Harada
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake 4701192, Japan.
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Nielsen AB, Skaarup KG, Lassen MCH, Djernæs K, Hansen ML, Svendsen JH, Johannessen A, Hansen J, Sørensen SK, Gislason G, Biering-Sørensen T. Usefulness of left atrial speckle tracking echocardiography in predicting recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:1293-1309. [PMID: 32248332 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-01828-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) in identifying patients at high risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been investigated in several small AF populations. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether PALS predicts recurrence of AF after RFA treatment. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched. Studies investigating the value of PALS in predicting successful RFA in AF patients were selected. Patients underwent echocardiography prior to RFA. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) Tool. Twelve studies and a total of 1025 patients suffering from paroxysmal or persistent AF were included. Odds ratios (OR) were assessed in a random and fixed effects model for univariable and multivariable pooled analyses respectively. PALS was found to be a significant predictor of AF recurrence after RFA across study populations (Univariable: OR: 1.17, CI95% [1.03-1.34], p = 0.018, per 1% decrease) (Multivariable: OR: 1.16, CI95% [1.09-1.24], p < 0.001, per 1% decrease). Patients with recurrence had significantly lower PALS prior to RFA than patients who maintained sinus rhythm (15.7 ± 5.7% vs. 23.0 ± 7.0%, p = 0.016). A pooled analysis of weighted mean differences (WMD) also showed a significant difference in PALS between the two groups (WMD: - 6.57, CI95% [- 8.49: - 4.65], p < 0.001). Lower values of PALS are associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence after RFA. PALS provides prognostic value in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bjerg Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Kasper Djernæs
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lock Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Hastrup Svendsen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Johannessen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jim Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samuel Kiil Sørensen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Gislason
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tor Biering-Sørensen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Mouselimis D, Tsarouchas AS, Pagourelias ED, Bakogiannis C, Theofilogiannakos EK, Loutradis C, Fragakis N, Vassilikos VP, Papadopoulos CE. Left atrial strain, intervendor variability, and atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hellenic J Cardiol 2020; 61:154-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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27
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Rizvi F, Mirza M, Olet S, Albrecht M, Edwards S, Emelyanova L, Kress D, Ross GR, Holmuhamedov E, Tajik AJ, Khandheria BK, Jahangir A. Noninvasive biomarker-based risk stratification for development of new onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. Int J Cardiol 2020; 307:55-62. [PMID: 31952855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery. A pre-existing atrial substrate appears to be important in postoperative development of dysrhythmia, but its preoperative estimation is challenging. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of clinical predictors, noninvasive surrogate markers for atrial fibrosis defining abnormal left atrial (LA) mechanics, and biomarkers of collagen turnover is superior to clinical predictors alone in identifying patients at-risk for PoAF. METHODS In patients without prior AF undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, concentrations of biomarkers reflecting collagen synthesis and degradation, extracellular matrix, and regulatory microRNA-29s were determined in serum from preoperative blood samples and correlated to atrial fibrosis extent, alteration in atrial deformation properties determined by 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography, and AF development. RESULTS Of 90 patients without prior AF, 34 who developed PoAF were older than non-PoAF patients (72.04 ± 10.7 y; P = 0.043) with no significant difference in baseline comorbidities, LA size, or ventricular function. Global (P = 0.007) and regional longitudinal LA strain and ejection fraction (P = 0.01) were reduced in PoAF vs. non-PoAF patients. Preoperative amino-terminal-procollagen-III-peptide (PIIINP) (103.1 ± 39.7 vs. 35.1 ± 19.3; P = 0.041) and carboxy-terminal-procollagen-I-peptide levels were elevated in PoAF vs. non-PoAF patients with a reduction in miR-29 levels and correlated with atrial fibrosis extent. Combining age as the only significant clinical predictor with PIIINP and miR-29a provided a model that identified PoAF patients with higher predictive accuracy. CONCLUSIONS In patients without a previous history of AF, using age and biomarkers of collagen synthesis and regulation, a noninvasive tool was developed to identify those at risk for new-onset PoAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Rizvi
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
| | - Mahek Mirza
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Susan Olet
- Patient Centered Research, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Suite 4120, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Melissa Albrecht
- Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center School of Diagnostic Sonography, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA
| | - Stacie Edwards
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Larisa Emelyanova
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - David Kress
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA; and
| | - Gracious R Ross
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Ekhson Holmuhamedov
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - A Jamil Tajik
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA; and
| | - Bijoy K Khandheria
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA; and
| | - Arshad Jahangir
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging (CIRCA), Advocate Aurora Research Institute, 960 N. 12th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA; and; Center for Advanced Atrial Fibrillation Therapies, Advocate Aurora Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Suite 777, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA.
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Bajraktari G, Bytyçi I, Henein MY. Left atrial structure and function predictors of recurrent fibrillation after catheter ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2020; 40:1-13. [PMID: 31556215 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter ablation (CA) has become a conventional treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), but remains with high recurrence rate. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine left atrial (LA) structure and function indices that predict recurrence of AF. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed-Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry, up to September 2017 in order to select clinical trials and observational studies which reported echocardiographic predictors of AF recurrence after CA. Eighty-five articles with a total of 16 126 patients were finally included. RESULTS The pooled analysis showed that after a follow-up period of 21 ± 12 months, patients with AF recurrence had larger LA diameter with weighted mean difference (WMD: 2·99 ([95% CI 2·50-3·47], P<0·001), larger LA volume index (LAVI) maximal and LAVI minimal (P<0·0001 for both), larger LA area (P<0·0001), lower LA strain (P<0·0001) and lower LA total emptying fraction (LA EF) (P<0·0001) compared with those without AF recurrence. The most powerful LA predictors (in accuracy order) of AF recurrence were as follows: LA strain <19% (OR: 3·1[95% CI, -1.3-10·4], P<0·0001), followed by LA diameter ≥50 mm (OR: 2·75, [95% CI 1·66-4·56,] P<0·0001), and LAVmax >150 ml (OR: 2·25, [95% CI, 1.1-5·6], P = 0·0002). CONCLUSIONS Based on this meta-analysis results, a dilated left atrium with diameter more than 50 mm and volume above 150 ml or myocardial strain below 19% reflect an unstable LA that is unlikely to hold sinus rhythm after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gani Bajraktari
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, Prishtina, Kosovo
- Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Ibadete Bytyçi
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Michael Y Henein
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George University, London, UK
- Brunel University, London, UK
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29
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Decreased left atrial global longitudinal strain predicts the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cryoablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2019; 58:51-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-019-00573-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cuspidi C, Tadic M, Sala C, Gherbesi E, Grassi G, Mancia G. Left atrial function in elite athletes: A meta-analysis of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiographic studies. Clin Cardiol 2019; 42:579-587. [PMID: 30907013 PMCID: PMC6523010 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to investigate left atrial (LA) volume, function, and strain in elite athletes by a meta-analysis including echocardiographic studies that provided volumetric and strain analysis of LA phasic function. METHODS The OVID-MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for English-language articles without time restriction up to February 2018 through focused and high sensitive search strategies. Studies were identified by crossing the following search terms: "athletes," "left atrial size," "left atrial volume," "atrial function," "atrial strain," "atrial strain rate," "echocardiography," "2D speckle echocardiography." RESULTS Meta-analysis included 403 athletes and 314 active but not trained healthy controls from 9 studies. Pooled data showed that average LA volume index was higher in athletes than in healthy controls (28.0 ± 1.0 vs 20.7 ± 0.8 mL/m2 , P < 0.001). Global LA longitudinal strain, showing LA reservoir function, was lower in the athletes than in healthy controls with borderline significance (37.0 ± 1.2 vs 38.3 ± 1.5%, P = 0.044). Late diastolic LA strain rate, resembling LA contractile function, was also lower in elite athletes than in control group (-1.56 ± 0.08 vs -1.74 ± 0.09 seconds -1, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis shows that LA volume is higher, while LA reservoir and contractile functions are impaired in elite athletes during active training compared to untrained controls. Whether these changes persist during deconditioning periods remains to be determined. These alterations may be related to the higher risk of arrhythmias, in particular atrial fibrillation, reported among middle/old aged athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Cuspidi
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
- Clinical Research UnitIstituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Marijana Tadic
- Clinical Research UnitUniversity Clinical Hospital Center “Dr. Dragisa Misovic ‐ Dedinje”MilanItaly
| | - Carla Sala
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversity of Milano and Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS Policlinico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Elisa Gherbesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversity of Milano and Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS Policlinico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Guido Grassi
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
- IRCCS MultimedicaSesto San GiovanniMilanItaly
| | - Giuseppe Mancia
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
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31
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Soga F, Tanaka H, Mochizuki Y, Mukai J, Suto M, Takada H, Hatani Y, Matsuzoe H, Hatazawa K, Sano H, Ooka J, Shimoura H, Matsumoto K, Fukuzawa K, Hirata KI. Combined assessment of left atrial volume parameters for predicting recurrence of atrial fibrillation following pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography 2019; 36:862-869. [PMID: 30908731 DOI: 10.1111/echo.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to test the hypothesis that comprehensive simplified left atrial (LA) assessment derived from routine echocardiography may be more useful than assessment of LA volume alone for predicting atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). METHODS We studied 156 patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF) who had undergone PVI. Echocardiography was performed within two days before PVI. Maximum (Max-LAVi) and minimum LA volume index (Min-LAVi) were calculated with the biplane modified Simpson's method, and then normalized to the body surface area. On the basis of previous findings, the predefined cutoff value of Max-LAVi for AF recurrence was set at Max-LAVi ≥ 34 mL/m2 . ΔLA volume index (ΔLAVi) was also calculated as Max-LAVi minus Min-LAVi. The follow-up period after PVI was 24 months. RESULTS AF recurrence was observed in 35 patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ΔLAVi (odds ratio [OR]: 1.131; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.057-1.221; P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of AF recurrence. Sequential logistic regression models for predicting AF recurrence revealed that a model based on clinical variables including age, gender and AF duration (χ2 = 1.65) was improved by the addition of Max-LAVi ≥ 34 mL/m2 (χ2 = 13.8; P < 0.001), and further improved by the addition of ΔLAVi (χ2 = 18.2; P = 0.036). Of note is that only 1.02 ± 0.10 minutes per patient was needed to obtain a comprehensive LA assessment that included Max-LAVi, Min-LAVi, and ΔLAVi. CONCLUSION This easy-to-use comprehensive simplified LA approach from routine echocardiography may well have clinical implications for better management of PAF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Soga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mochizuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Mukai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makiko Suto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsuzoe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Hatazawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junichi Ooka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimoura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kensuke Matsumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Fukuzawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Chen Y, Li Z, Shen X, Wang W, Kang Y, Qiao Z, Wang X, Pu J. Assessment of left atrial remodeling in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with speckle tracking echocardiography: a study with an electrophysiological mapping system. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 35:451-459. [PMID: 30413910 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-018-1470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate left atrial (LA) remodeling and fibrosis in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) based on the findings with radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) so as to predict atrial remodeling prior to ablation. A total of 40 patients with paroxysmal AF were enrolled and divided into two groups based on LA bipolar voltage detected during RFCA: those with low-voltage zone (LVZ) (LV group, n = 19) and those without LVZ (non-LV group, n = 21). The segmental and global LA reservoir, conduit and contractile strain (εs, εe, εa) were analyzed using two-dimensional STE before RFCA. The segmental and global εs, εe, εa (%) decreased in the LV group. Especially, the εs in anteroseptal upper (18.32 ± 7.94 vs. 31.61 ± 9.39) and lower segments (16.60 ± 7.23 vs. 29.23 ± 9.81), posteroseptal upper (22.24 ± 6.65 vs. 32.23 ± 10.57) and lower segments (18.24 ± 6.49 vs. 26.40 ± 7.12), and the global εs (23.85 ± 6.74 vs. 30.48 ± 8.67) significantly decreased in the LV group than in the non-LV group (all P < 0.05). The εs ≤ 24.07 in the anteroseptal upper segment was an effective parameter to differentiate the LV group (sensitivity, 84%; specificity, 81%, P < 0.001). Besides, global εs tended to be an independent determinant of the LVZ (odds ratio 1.347, P = 0.046). STE enables a noninvasive method to evaluate LA remodeling prior ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xuedong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhiqing Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Bai Y, Zhao Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Bai R, Du X, Dong JZ, He YH, Ma CS. Association of peak atrial longitudinal strain with atrial fibrillation recurrence in patients with chronic lung diseases following radiofrequency ablation. Intern Med J 2018; 48:851-859. [PMID: 29460463 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strain was shown associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), but data on AF patients complicated with chronic lung diseases (CLD) were rare. AIM This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of baseline atrial function with AF recurrence in these patients using speckle-tracking echocardiography. METHODS Average strain values (median: 2 days before RFA) were calculated for 87 AF patients (Mean age: 61.91 years, male: 71.26%) with CLD undergoing RFA from 2013 to 2014. Of these patients, 25 (28.74%) experienced AF recurrence during a mean follow up of 10.3 months. RESULTS Peak right atrial longitudinal strain (R-PALS) was associated with peak left atrial longitudinal strain (L-PALS, Standardised β = 0.45, P < 0.001) in multivariate linear regression. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed R-PALS was associated with AF recurrence (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78-0.96, P = 0.005) in CLD. Patients with R-PALS ≥14.69% had higher AF free rate compared with R-PALS<14.69% using Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank, P < 0.001). R-PALS had similar C-index compared to L-PALS (difference: 0.03, 95%CI: -0.06-0.12, P = 0.53) and combined R-PALS and L-PALS (difference: 0.005, 95%CI: -0.04-0.05, P = 0.84) associated with AF recurrence in CLD. CONCLUSION R-PALS, L-PALS and combined R-PALS and L-PALS are important factors associated with AF recurrence following RFA in patients with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Ultrasound Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Zeng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Hua He
- Ultrasound Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Ma
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
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34
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Saha SK, Kiotsekoglou A, Gopal AS. Deformation imaging of the atria using 2D strain: A noninvasive modality to characterize operating compliance? Echocardiography 2018; 35:1385-1387. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samir K. Saha
- Department of Cardiology; Umeå University Hospital; Umeå Sweden
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35
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Liżewska-Springer A, Dąbrowska-Kugacka A, Lewicka E, Drelich Ł, Królak T, Raczak G. Echocardiographic predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: A literature review. Cardiol J 2018; 27:848-856. [PMID: 29924375 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2018.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter ablation (CA) is a well-known treatment option for patients with symptomatic drug-resistant atrial fibrillation (AF). Multiple factors have been identified to determine AF recurrence after CA, however their predictive value is rather small. Identification of novel predictors of CA outcome is therefore of primary importance to reduce health costs and improve long-term results of intervention. The recurrence of AF following CA is related to severity of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, extent of atrial dilatation and fibrosis. The aim of this paper was to present and discuss the latest studies on the utility of echocardiographic parameters in terms of CA effectiveness in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO databases were searched for studies reporting echocardiographic preprocedural predictors of AF recurrence after CA. LV systolic and diastolic function, as well as atrial size, strain and dyssynchrony were taken into consideration. RESULTS Twenty one full-text articles were analyzed, including three meta-analyses. Several echocardiographic parameters have been reported to determine a risk of AF recurrence after CA. There are conventional methods that measure left atrial size and volume, LV ejection fraction, parameters assessing LV diastolic dysfunction, and methods using more innovative technologies based on speckle tracking echocardiography to determine left atrial synchrony and strain. Each of these parameters has its own predictive value. CONCLUSIONS Regarding CA effectiveness, every patient has to be evaluated individually to estimate the risk of AF recurrence, optimally using a combination of several echocardiographic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicja Dąbrowska-Kugacka
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Ewa Lewicka
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Łukasz Drelich
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Królak
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Raczak
- Department of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract
The left atrium has an important role in modulating left ventricular filling and is an important biomarker of cardiovascular disease and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. While previously left atrial (LA) size was utilised, the role of LA function as a biomarker is increasingly being evaluated, both independently and also in combination with LA size. Strain analysis has been utilised for evaluation of LA function and can be measured throughout the cardiac cycle, thereby enabling the evaluation of LA reservoir, conduit and contractile function. Strain evaluates myocardial deformation while strain rate examines the rate of change in strain. This review will focus on the various types of strain analysis for evaluation of LA function, alterations in LA strain in physiological and pathologic states that alter LA function and finally evaluate its utility as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary C H Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anita Boyd
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Private Cardiology, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Liza Thomas
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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37
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Shang Z, Su D, Cong T, Sun Y, Liu Y, Chen N, Yang J. Assessment of left atrial mechanical function and synchrony in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Echocardiography 2017; 34:176-183. [PMID: 28240425 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate left atrial (LA) function and synchrony in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) patients using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). METHODS Forty-five PAF patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. LA peak ventricular systolic longitudinal strain (LAS-S ) and strain rate (LASR-S ) and left atrial longitudinal strain (LAS-A ) and strain rate (LASR-A ) during late diastole were determined using STE, and the standard deviation of the time to peak (TPSD) of the regional strains was calculated to quantify LA dyssynchrony. TPSD during ventricular systole and late diastole were named SDs and SDa, respectively. RESULTS Left atrial peak longitudinal strain during ventricular systole (LAS-S ) (29.34±8.57 vs 36.73±6.13), LASR-S (1.27±0.311 vs 1.57±0.25), LAS-A (13.11±4.91 vs 17.86±3.57), and LASR-A (-1.51±0.58 vs -1.90±0.30) were reduced in the PAF group compared with the controls (P<.05 for all). SDs (8.11±3.00% vs 4.67±1.48%) and SDa (5.57±2.26% vs 3.11±1.13%) were greater in PAF patients than in the controls (P<.05 for both). Furthermore, PAF patients with normal LA sizes exhibited lower LAS-S (P<.05), LASR-S (P<.05), LAS-A (P<.05), and LASR-A (P<.05) values and increased SDs (P<.05) and SDa (P<.05) values compared with the controls. Multivariate regression confirmed that SDs and SDa were powerful parameters for differentiating PAF patients from controls (SDs: sensitivity, 83%; specificity, 72%; SDa: sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 76%). CONCLUSIONS Left atrial (LA) dysfunction and dyssynchrony in PAF patients can be detected with STE even in the absence of LA enlargement. STE-derived SDs and SDa were powerful parameters for identifying PAF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Shang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dechun Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tao Cong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinghui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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38
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Tadic M, Zlatanovic M, Cuspidi C, Stevanovic A, Kocijancic V, Pavlovic SU, Damjanov N, Celic V. Left atrial phasic function and heart rate variability in patients with systemic sclerosis: A new part of the old puzzle. Echocardiography 2017; 34:1447-1455. [PMID: 28782130 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to research left atrial (LA) phasic function and heart rate variability (HRV), as well as their relationship, in subjects with uncomplicated systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS The investigation involved 44 SSc patients and 33 age-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent clinical examination, serological tests, 24-hours Holter monitoring, and echocardiographic examination including strain analysis. RESULTS Maximum, minimum, and pre-A LA volumes and volume indices were higher in the SSc patients than in the controls. The total emptying fraction, the parameter of the LA reservoir function, as well as passive LA emptying fraction, which represents the LA conduit function, were significantly lower in the SSc patients compared to the controls. Active LA emptying fraction, the parameter of the LA booster pump function, was significantly higher in the SSc participants. There was no difference in LA reservoir function between the diffuse and the limited SSc form. LA conduit function was significantly decreased, whereas LA booster pump function was compensatory increased in the diffuse SSc form compared to the limited SSc form. Similar results were obtained by LA strain analysis. HRV indices were significantly decreased in the SSc patients. Modified Rodnan skin score, the parameter of skin involvement in SSc, and HRV indices correlated well with LA phasic function in SSc. CONCLUSION Left atrial (LA) phasic function, assessed by both volumetric and strain method, as well as cardiac autonomic nervous function is significantly deteriorated in SSc patients. Skin score and HRV indices correlate with LA phasic function parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Tadic
- Cardiology Department, University Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje,", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Cesare Cuspidi
- Clinical Research Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca and Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Meda, Italy
| | - Ana Stevanovic
- Cardiology Department, University Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje,", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kocijancic
- Cardiology Department, University Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje,", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Vera Celic
- Cardiology Department, University Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje,", Belgrade, Serbia
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Ma XX, Zhang YL, Hu B, Zhu MR, Jiang WJ, Wang M, Zheng DY, Xue XP. The usefulness of global left atrial strain for predicting atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with persistent and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 110:447-455. [PMID: 28528995 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the potential complications of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after ablation, better predictors of the effectiveness of the procedure are necessary to guide patient selection. AIM This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the clinical relevance of global left atrial longitudinal strain (GLAS) and AF recurrence after catheter ablation. METHODS In 115 consecutive patients with AF (persistent, n=62; paroxysmal, n=53), transthoracic echocardiography was performed before catheter ablation to assess baseline left atrial mechanical function using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). RESULTS After 12 months of follow-up, 22 (35.5%) patients in the persistent AF group and 15 (28.3%) in the paroxysmal AF group exhibited AF recurrence. In both the paroxysmal and persistent AF populations, patients with recurrence presented with significantly impaired GLAS compared with patients without recurrence. Patients with recurrence also had a significantly higher pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentration. A receiver operator curve analysis yielded area under the curve values of 0.94 and 0.86 for paroxysmal and persistent AF, respectively. In a multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analysis, GLAS was an independent predictor of AF recurrence after catheter ablation in both the paroxysmal AF group (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.67-0.96; P=0.01) and the persistent AF group (hazard ratio: 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.71-0.93; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In both paroxysmal and persistent AF, decreased baseline left atrial deformation capabilities assessed by two-dimensional STE can help to identify patients at high risk of AF recurrence after catheter ablation. This variable may help to guide candidate selection and improve therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Ma
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Ruo Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jun Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Yan Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Pei Xue
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, 200233 Shanghai, China
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Ramkumar S, Yang H, Wang Y, Nolan M, Negishi T, Negishi K, Marwick TH. Association of the Active and Passive Components of Left Atrial Deformation with Left Ventricular Function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2017; 30:659-666. [PMID: 28476315 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) strain imaging enables the quantitative assessment of LA function. The clinical relevance of these measurements is dependent on the provision of information incremental to the left ventricular (LV) evaluation. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that LA pump function but not reservoir function is independent of measurement of LV mechanics. METHODS Echocardiography was undertaken in a community-based study of 576 participants ≥65 years of age with one or more risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity). Strain analysis was conducted using a dedicated software package, using R-R gating. LV function was classified as normal in the presence of global longitudinal strain (GLS) (≤-18%) or global circumferential strain (GCS) (≤-22%). The associations between GLS or GCS and LA reservoir, conduit, and pump strain were assessed using univariate and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS Patients (mean age 71 ± 5 years, 54% women) with reduced GLS had higher blood pressure and rates of diabetes and obesity (P < .05). LA reservoir strain and conduit strain were lower in the group with impaired GLS (38.2 ± 7.3% vs 39.9 ± 6.4% [P = .004] and 18.7 ± 5.7% vs 20.5 ± 5.1% [P < .001], respectively), but there was no difference in LA pump strain (19.5 ± 5.5% vs 19.3 ± 4.6%, P = .72). GLS was independently associated with LA reservoir and conduit strain (P < .05) but not independently associated with LA pump strain (P = .91). Reduced GCS was associated with a larger body mass index, male sex, and diabetes (P < .05). There were no differences in LA reservoir, conduit, and pump strain in patients with normal and abnormal GCS (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The application of LA strain is specific to the component measured. LA pump strain is independent of LV mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Ramkumar
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mark Nolan
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Tomoko Negishi
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kazuaki Negishi
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Thomas H Marwick
- Department of Cardiac Imaging, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Cardiac Imaging, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
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41
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Parwani AS, Morris DA, Blaschke F, Huemer M, Pieske B, Haverkamp W, Boldt LH. Left atrial strain predicts recurrence of atrial arrhythmias after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation. Open Heart 2017; 4:e000572. [PMID: 28674624 PMCID: PMC5471873 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2016-000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Success rates of catheter ablation (CA) of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) are very variable. Identifying patients in whom sinus rhythm maintenance cannot be achieved after CA is a critical issue. Methods 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed before the first CA procedure in consecutive patients with persistent AF. Left atrial (LA) strain was correlated with recurrence of atrial arrhythmias during the follow-up period of 15 months after one CA procedure with or without antiarrhythmic drugs (primary endpoint). In a secondary analysis, recurrences after two CA procedures were analysed. Results 102 patients were included. Patients with recurrence of atrial arrhythmias after one CA procedure (n=55) had significantly lower LA strain than those without recurrence (LA strain 9.7±2.4% vs 16.2±3.0%; p<0.001). Recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with LA strain <10% than in those with LA strain between 10% and 14.5% and >14.5% (97.7%, 42.1% and 10.3%, respectively; p<0.001). In Cox regression analysis including age, comorbidities, left ventricular dysfunction and LA enlargement, low LA strain (<10%) was the strongest factor associated with recurrence of AF (HR 6.4 (2.4–16.9), p<0.001). Even after inclusion of a second CA procedure, LA strain <10% maintained a high predictive value for recurrence of atrial arrhythmias (86.4% (95% CI 73.3% to 93.6%)). Conclusion In patients with persistent AF, LA strain imaging could be very useful to select those patients who have a high risk of not benefiting from CA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florian Blaschke
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Huemer
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Haverkamp
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif-Hendrik Boldt
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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42
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Ramkumar S, Yang H, Wang Y, Nolan M, Negishi K, Sanders P, Marwick TH. Relation of Functional Status to Risk of Development of Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 119:572-578. [PMID: 27956001 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Identifying patients at risk is now important as there are demonstrable ways to alter disease progression which could potentially prevent atrial fibrillation (AF) and its complications. We sought whether impaired functional capacity was associated with risk of AF, independent of myocardial dysfunction. In this community-based study, asymptomatic participants aged ≥65 years were recruited if they had ≥1 risk factor (e.g., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity). Participants underwent baseline echocardiography (including measurement of myocardial mechanics) and six-minute walk test. The CHARGE-AF score was used to calculate 5-year risk of developing AF. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess for independent risk factors for AF. A total of 607 patients (age 71 ± 5 years, men 47%) were studied at baseline and followed for at least 6 months. Patients in the higher AF risk groups were older and had increased rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease (p <0.05). Greater AF risk was associated with lower exercise capacity, independent of lower mean global longitudinal strain, global circumferential strain, greater mean E/e' ratio, indexed left atrial volume and LV mass. Multivariate linear regression confirmed association of LV and functional capacity parameters with AF risk. Although functional capacity is impaired in AF, this association precedes the onset of AF. In conclusion, poor functional status is associated with AF risk, independent of LV function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Ramkumar
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hong Yang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ying Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mark Nolan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kazuaki Negishi
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Hugh Marwick
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
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43
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Left atrial strain assessed by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography predicts atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Echocardiogr 2017; 15:79-87. [PMID: 28155065 DOI: 10.1007/s12574-017-0329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown the utility of left atrial (LA) function determined by two-dimensional or three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D- or 3D-STE) for identifying patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). However, whether 3D-STE is applicable for prediction of the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation (CA) remains unknown. We examined whether any 3D-STE parameters are better than 2D-STE parameters for the prediction of AF recurrence. METHODS Forty-two patients with paroxysmal AF (58 ± 10 years old, 69% male) underwent 2D- and 3D-STE within 3 days before first-time CA. The global peak LA longitudinal, circumferential, and area strains during systole (3D-GLSs, -GCSs, and -GASs, respectively) and those just before atrial contraction (3D-GLSa, -GCSa, and -GASa, respectively) were determined by 3D-STE and standard deviations of times to peaks of regional LA strains were calculated as indices of LA dyssynchrony. In 2D-STE, global LA longitudinal strains during systole and just before atrial contraction (2D-GLSs and -GLSa) were determined. RESULTS During follow-up of 441 ± 221 days, 12 patients (29%) had AF recurrence. In the univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.08, p = 0.04], 3D-GCSs (HR: 0.91, p = 0.03), and 3D-GASs (HR: 0.95, p = 0.01) were predictors of AF recurrence, though associations of recurrence with 2D-STE parameters, indices of LA synchrony, and LA volume were not significant. Multivariable analysis showed that 3D-GASs was an independent predictor of AF recurrence (HR: 0.96, p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS LA strain determined by 3D-STE is a novel and better predictor of AF recurrence after CA than that determined by 2D-STE or other known predictors.
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44
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Cameli M, Mandoli GE, Loiacono F, Sparla S, Iardino E, Mondillo S. Left atrial strain: A useful index in atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 220:208-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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45
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Goette A, Kalman JM, Aguinaga L, Akar J, Cabrera JA, Chen SA, Chugh SS, Corradi D, D'Avila A, Dobrev D, Fenelon G, Gonzalez M, Hatem SN, Helm R, Hindricks G, Ho SY, Hoit B, Jalife J, Kim YH, Lip GYH, Ma CS, Marcus GM, Murray K, Nogami A, Sanders P, Uribe W, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on Atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterisation, and clinical implication. J Arrhythm 2016; 32:247-78. [PMID: 27588148 PMCID: PMC4996910 DOI: 10.1016/j.joa.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goette
- Departement of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Vincenz-Hospital Paderborn, Working Group: Molecular Electrophysiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Kalman
- University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Sumeet S Chugh
- The Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Mario Gonzalez
- Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Stephane N Hatem
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique - Hô pitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR_S1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition-ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Robert Helm
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Siew Yen Ho
- Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Brian Hoit
- UH Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - William Uribe
- Electrophysiology Deparment at Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundació n and Clínica CES. Universidad CES, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Stanley Nattel
- Université de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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46
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Goette A, Kalman JM, Aguinaga L, Akar J, Cabrera JA, Chen SA, Chugh SS, Corradi D, D'Avila A, Dobrev D, Fenelon G, Gonzalez M, Hatem SN, Helm R, Hindricks G, Ho SY, Hoit B, Jalife J, Kim YH, Lip GYH, Ma CS, Marcus GM, Murray K, Nogami A, Sanders P, Uribe W, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: definition, characterization, and clinical implication. Europace 2016; 18:1455-1490. [PMID: 27402624 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euw161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goette
- Departement of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Vincenz-Hospital Paderborn, Working Group: Molecular Electrophysiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Kalman
- University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Sumeet S Chugh
- The Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Mario Gonzalez
- Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Stephane N Hatem
- Department of Cardiology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital; Sorbonne University; INSERM UMR_S1166; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition-ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Robert Helm
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Siew Yen Ho
- Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Brian Hoit
- UH Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Prashanthan Sanders
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - William Uribe
- Electrophysiology Deparment at Centros Especializados de San Vicente Fundación and Clínica CES. Universidad CES, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Stanley Nattel
- Université de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute Research Center and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada .,Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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47
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EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: Definition, characterization, and clinical implication. Heart Rhythm 2016; 14:e3-e40. [PMID: 27320515 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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Fujii A, Inoue K, Nagai T, Nishimura K, Uetani T, Suzuki J, Funada JI, Okura T, Higaki J, Ogimoto A. Clinical Utility of Atrial Electromechanical Conduction Time Measured with Speckle Tracking Echocardiography after Catheter Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Validation Study with Electroanatomical Mapping. Echocardiography 2016; 33:1317-25. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Fujii
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Katsuji Inoue
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Takayuki Nagai
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nishimura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Teruyoshi Uetani
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Jun Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Funada
- Department of Cardiology; National Hospital Organization Ehime Medical Center; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Takafumi Okura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Jitsuo Higaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ogimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology; Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine; Toon Ehime Japan
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The role of left atrial deformation parameters in the prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cryoballoon ablation therapy. Anatol J Cardiol 2016; 16:298. [PMID: 27111201 PMCID: PMC5368442 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2016.6984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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50
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Khurram IM, Maqbool F, Berger RD, Marine JE, Spragg DD, Ashikaga H, Zipunnikov V, Kass DA, Calkins H, Nazarian S, Zimmerman SL. Association Between Left Atrial Stiffness Index and Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Left Atrial Ablation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2016; 9:CIRCEP.115.003163. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.115.003163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with significant abnormalities of left atrial (LA) systolic and diastolic function. This study describes a novel measure, LA stiffness index, that estimates LA diastolic function and its association with clinical outcomes of catheter ablation.
Methods and Results—
A total of 219 AF patients referred for ablation (59% paroxysmal, mean CHA
2
DS
2
VASc score 1.7±1.4) were enrolled. Atrial pressure and volume loops were prepared from invasive pressure measures and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging volumetric data during sinus rhythm for all patients. An LA stiffness index was created, defined by the ratio of change in LA pressure to volume during passive filling of LA (ΔP/ΔV). Patients were followed prospectively. Mean LA stiffness index for AF patients was 0.6±0.5 mm Hg/mL (paroxysmal AF 0.51±0.4 and persistent AF 0.73±0.6;
P
<0.001). Linear regression analysis showed a rise in the stiffness index with age, increasing at a rate of 0.02 mm Hg/mL per year (
P
<0.001). The LA stiffness index was higher in patients with previous LA ablation(s) for AF (0.51±0.35 versus 0.83±0.70;
P
<0.001). Forty of 160 patients had recurrence after AF ablation with a mean follow-up of 10.4±7.6 months. Patients with recurrence had higher stiffness index than those without recurrence (0.83±0.46 versus 0.40±0.22;
P
<0.001).
Conclusions—
LA stiffness index, a novel measure to assess LA diastolic function, increases with age and is higher in persistent AF and in the setting of repeat AF ablation. Greater LA stiffness index was independently associated with recurrence of AF after LA ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan M. Khurram
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Farhan Maqbool
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ronald D. Berger
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joseph E. Marine
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - David D. Spragg
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hiroshi Ashikaga
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - David A. Kass
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hugh Calkins
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Saman Nazarian
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stefan L. Zimmerman
- From the Departments of Cardiology (I.M.K., F.M., R.D.B., J.E.M., D.D.S., H.A., D.A.K., H.C., S.N.) and Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S.L.Z.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Departments of Biostatistics (V.Z.) and Epidemiology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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