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Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil in Beta-Cyclodextrin for Solid-State Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030914. [PMID: 36986775 PMCID: PMC10051612 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance related to the misuse of antibiotics is a well-known current topic. Their excessive use in several fields has led to enormous selective pressure on pathogenic and commensal bacteria, driving the evolution of antimicrobial resistance genes with severe impacts on human health. Among all the possible strategies, a viable one could be the development of medical features that employ essential oils (EOs), complex natural mixtures extracted from different plant organs, rich in organic compounds showing, among others, antiseptic properties. In this work, green extracted essential oil of Thymus vulgaris was included in cyclic oligosaccharides cyclodextrins (CD) and prepared in the form of tablets. This essential oil has been shown to have a strong transversal efficacy both as an antifungal and as an antibacterial agent. Its inclusion allows its effective use because an extension of the exposure time to the active compounds is obtained and, therefore, a more marked efficacy, especially against biofilm-producing microorganisms such as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, was registered. The efficacy of the tablet against candidiasis opens their possible use as a chewable tablet against oral candidiasis and as a vaginal tablet against vaginal candidiasis. Moreover, the registered wide efficacy is even more positive since the proposed approach can be defined as effective, safe, and green. In fact, the natural mixture of the essential oil is produced by the steam current method; therefore, the manufacturer employs substances that are not harmful, with very low production and management costs.
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O’Connor H, Tipping WJ, Vallejo J, Nichol GS, Faulds K, Graham D, Brechin EK, Lusby PJ. Utilizing Raman Spectroscopy as a Tool for Solid- and Solution-Phase Analysis of Metalloorganic Cage Host-Guest Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 62:1827-1832. [PMID: 35512336 PMCID: PMC9906719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The host-guest chemistry of coordination cages continues to promote significant interest, not least because confinement effects can be exploited for a range of applications, such as drug delivery, sensing, and catalysis. Often a fundamental analysis of noncovalent encapsulation is required to provide the necessary insight into the design of better functional systems. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of various techniques to probe the host-guest chemistry of a novel Pd2L4 cage, which we show is preorganized to selectively bind dicyanoarene guests with high affinity through hydrogen-bonding and other weak interactions. In addition, we exemplify the use of Raman spectroscopy as a tool for analyzing coordination cages, exploiting alkyne and nitrile reporter functional groups that are contained within the host and guest, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen
M. O’Connor
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - William J. Tipping
- Pure
and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Julia Vallejo
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Karen Faulds
- Pure
and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Duncan Graham
- Pure
and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.,
| | - Euan K. Brechin
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.,
| | - Paul J. Lusby
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.,
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Host–Guest Inclusion Complexes of Essential Oils with Strong Antibacterial and Antifungal Features in Beta-Cyclodextrin for Solid-State Pharmaceutical Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11146597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils are widely recognized as natural alternatives to pharmaceutical antibacterial and antifungal agents. With respect to standard pharmaceutics, the advantages of essential oils are their (i) low production costs, (ii) lack of chemical and biochemical drawbacks that are intrinsic to the synthetic production process and (iii) good tolerance by humans. On the other hand, the liquid nature of essential oils poses concerns about their actual application in different therapeutic issues regarding their persistence and the ability to control or prolong drug release. In this study, two essential oils from oregano and winter savory showing antibacterial and antifungal features were complexed in a solid state with beta-cyclodextrin. Host–guest inclusion complexes were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS and GC-MS techniques. Manyfold terpenic and non-terpenic components of the oils could be observed and unambiguously identified as being included inside the carbohydrate hosts. Many of them provided a specific biocidal action. Indeed, essential oil host–guest inclusion products were tested against two Candida species and an S. aureus reference strain, showing that the oils effectively maintained their liquid performances. Solid-state tablets of the essential oil inclusion complexes embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone could be obtained. These results pave the way for the solid-state application of essential oils in antibacterial and antifungal pharmaceutical treatments.
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Vassalini I, Bontempi N, Federici S, Ferroni M, Gianoncelli A, Alessandri I. Cyclodextrins enable indirect ultrasensitive Raman detection of polychlorinated biphenyls captured by plasmonic bubbles. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Inoue M, Hisada H, Takatori K, Koide T, Fukami T, Roy A, Carriere J. Solid-State Analysis of Alpha-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Using Low-Frequency Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:704-708. [PMID: 33284586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and nondestructive analytical technique is critical for the analysis of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in solid dosage forms. This study proposed a newly developed low-frequency Raman spectroscopy as a candidate technique for the analysis of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. In this study, we selected a typical series of five crystalline cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and reported the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy for analyzing these inclusion complexes. Some inclusion complexes clearly differed from the raw materials in conventional Raman spectra. In another case, though specific differences were not observed between inclusion complexes and raw materials in conventional Raman spectra, clear differences were observed in low-frequency Raman spectra. Moreover, no characteristic differences between inclusion complexes consisting of different guest molecules were observed in conventional Raman spectra. The characteristic differences were observed only in low-frequency Raman spectra. Therefore, low-frequency Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique for solid-state analysis of crystalline inclusion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Inoue
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hisada
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takatori
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Koide
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukami
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Anjan Roy
- Coherent Inc., 850 East, Duarte Road, Monrovia, California 91016, United States
| | - James Carriere
- Coherent Inc., 850 East, Duarte Road, Monrovia, California 91016, United States
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Tian Y, Wang WD, Zou WB, Qian JQ, Hu CQ. Application of Solid-State NMR to Reveal Structural Differences in Cefazolin Sodium Pentahydrate From Different Manufacturing Processes. Front Chem 2018; 6:113. [PMID: 29692988 PMCID: PMC5902681 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state Nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were combined with theoretical calculation to investigate different crystal packings of α-cefazolin sodium obtained from three different vendors and conformational polymorphism was identified to exist in α-cefazolin sodium. Marginal differences observed among cefazolin sodium pentahydrate 1, 2, and 3 were speculated as being caused by the proportion of conformation 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Wei D Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zou
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Qin Qian
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Qin Hu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Al-Burtomani SKS, Suliman FO. Inclusion complexes of norepinephrine with β-cyclodextrin, 18-crown-6 and cucurbit[7]uril: experimental and molecular dynamics study. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28638k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Binary and ternary complexes of norepinephrine with 18C6, βCD and CB7 have been characterized using various experimental and theoretical techniques.
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Karoyo AH, Wilson LD. Preparation and Characterization of a Polymer-Based "Molecular Accordion". LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3066-3078. [PMID: 26931298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A urethane-based polymer material, denoted HDI-1, was obtained from the addition reaction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) at the 1:1 mole ratio. In aqueous solution and ambient temperature conditions, HDI-1 adopts a compact (coiled) morphology where the cross-linker units become coiled and are partially self-included in the annular hydroxyl (interstitial) region of β-CD. As the temperature is raised or as p-nitrophenol (PNP) was included within the β-CD cavity and the noninclusion sites of the polymer, an extended (uncoiled) morphology was adopted. The equilibrium distribution between the extended and the compact forms of HDI-1 is thermally and chemically switchable, in accordance with the hydration properties and host-guest chemistry of this responsive polymer system. The molecular structure of this water-soluble urethane polymer and its host-guest complexes with PNP were investigated using spectroscopic (Raman, (1)H NMR, induced circular dichroism), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and calorimetric (DSC) methods in aqueous solution at ambient pH, and compared with native β-CD. This study reports on the unique supramolecular properties of a polymer that resembles a thermally and chemically responsive "molecular accordion".
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla H Karoyo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
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Aceto M, Arrais A, Marsano F, Agostino A, Fenoglio G, Idone A, Gulmini M. A diagnostic study on folium and orchil dyes with non-invasive and micro-destructive methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 142:159-68. [PMID: 25703360 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Folium and orchil are dyes of vegetal origin. Folium is obtained from Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A. Juss., whereas orchil is obtained from Roccella and other genera of lichens. These dyes were used in the past to impart purple hue to paintings and textiles as substitutes for the more prised Tyrian purple dye, obtained from shellfish. Despite several citations in ancient technical treatises dating back at least to the Greek-Roman age, the identification of these dyes in artworks is rare. In the case of folium, an additional drawback is that its composition is presently unknown. In this work different non-invasive (FT-IR, FT-Raman, fibre optic reflectance spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) and micro-invasive (surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight-mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) techniques were used in order to increase the diagnostic information available on these dyes. Measurements were carried out on the dyes extracted from raw materials and on painted or dyed parchments. The possibility to distinguish between folium and orchil by chemical analysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Aceto
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; Centro Interdisciplinare per lo Studio e la Conservazione dei Beni Culturali (CenISCo), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, via Manzoni, 8, 13100 Vercelli, Italy..
| | - Aldo Arrais
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Francesco Marsano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Angelo Agostino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces Center of Excellence (NIS), via Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Gaia Fenoglio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Ambra Idone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; Laboratorio analisi scientifiche, Direzione Ricerca e Progetti Cofinanziati, Regione Autonoma Valle d'Aosta, Loc. Lillaz, 7, 11020 Villair de Quart (AO), Italy.
| | - Monica Gulmini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria, 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Mura P. Analytical techniques for characterization of cyclodextrin complexes in the solid state: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 113:226-38. [PMID: 25743620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides able to form inclusion complexes with a variety of hydrophobic guest molecules, positively modifying their physicochemical properties. A thorough analytical characterization of cyclodextrin complexes is of fundamental importance to provide an adequate support in selection of the most suitable cyclodextrin for each guest molecule, and also in view of possible future patenting and marketing of drug-cyclodextrin formulations. The demonstration of the actual formation of a drug-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in solution does not guarantee its existence also in the solid state. Moreover, the technique used to prepare the solid complex can strongly influence the properties of the final product. Therefore, an appropriate characterization of the drug-cyclodextrin solid systems obtained has also a key role in driving in the choice of the most effective preparation method, able to maximize host-guest interactions. The analytical characterization of drug-cyclodextrin solid systems and the assessment of the actual inclusion complex formation is not a simple task and involves the combined use of several analytical techniques, whose results have to be evaluated together. The objective of the present review is to present a general prospect of the principal analytical techniques which can be employed for a suitable characterization of drug-cyclodextrin systems in the solid state, evidencing their respective potential advantages and limits. The applications of each examined technique are described and discussed by pertinent examples from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
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Beig A, Miller JM, Dahan A. The interaction of nifedipine with selected cyclodextrins and the subsequent solubility-permeability trade-off. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:1293-9. [PMID: 23770429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and 2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin (DMβCD) with the lipophilic drug nifedipine and to investigate the subsequent solubility-permeability interplay. Solubility curves of nifedipine with HPβCD and DMβCD in MES buffer were evaluated using phase solubility methods. Then, the apparent permeability of nifedipine was investigated as a function of increasing HPβCD/DMβCD concentration in the hexadecane-based PAMPA model. The interaction with nifedipine was CD dependent; significantly higher stability constant was obtained for DMβCD in comparison with HPβCD. Moreover, nifedipine displays different type of interaction with these CDs; a 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complex was apparent with HPβCD, while 1:2 stoichiometry was apparent for DMβCD. In all cases, decreased apparent intestinal permeability of nifedipine as a function of increasing CD level and nifedipine apparent solubility was obtained. A quasi-equilibrium mass transport analysis was developed to explain this solubility-permeability interplay; the model enabled excellent quantitative prediction of nifedipine's permeability as a function of CD concentrations. This work demonstrates that when using CDs in solubility-enabling formulations, a trade-off exists between solubility increase and permeability decrease that must not be overlooked. This trade-off was found to be independent of the type of CD-drug interaction. The transport model presented here can aid in striking the appropriate solubility-permeability balance in order to achieve optimal overall absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Beig
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Conterosito E, Croce G, Palin L, Pagano C, Perioli L, Viterbo D, Boccaleri E, Paul G, Milanesio M. Structural characterization and thermal and chemical stability of bioactive molecule–hydrotalcite (LDH) nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:13418-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51235e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Arrais A, Diana E, Marabello D, Gervasio G, Stanghellini PL. Syntheses of chromium tricarbonyl organometals of 1-methyl-naphthalene and different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, characterisation of the (C11H10)Cr(CO)3 isomers and the crystal structure of the [(η6-5,6,7,8,9,10-C11H10)Cr(CO)3] complex. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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