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Dense carbon-nanotube coating scaffolds stimulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225589. [PMID: 31923243 PMCID: PMC6953859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have desirable mechanical properties for use as biomaterials in orthopedic and dental area such as bone- and tooth- substitutes. Here, we demonstrate that a glass surface densely coated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs incubated on SWNT- and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-coated glass showed high activities of alkaline phosphatase that are markers for early stage osteogenic differentiation. Expression of Bmp2, Runx2, and Alpl of MSCs showed high level in the early stage for MSC incubation on SWNT- and MWNT-coated surfaces, but only the cells on the SWNT-coated glass showed high expression levels of Bglap (Osteocalcin). The cells on the SWNT-coated glass also contained the most calcium, and their calcium deposits had long needle-shaped crystals. SWNT coating at high density could be part of a new scaffold for bone regeneration.
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Freeman FE, Stevens HY, Owens P, Guldberg RE, McNamara LM. Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Mimicking the Cellular Niche of the Endochondral Template. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:1176-1190. [PMID: 27604384 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro bone regeneration strategies that prime mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with chondrogenic factors, to mimic aspects of the endochondral ossification process, have been shown to promote mineralization and vascularization by MSCs both in vitro and when implanted in vivo. However, these approaches required the use of osteogenic supplements, namely dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and β-glycerophosphate, none of which are endogenous mediators of bone formation in vivo. Rather MSCs, endothelial progenitor cells, and chondrocytes all reside in proximity within the cartilage template and might paracrineally regulate osteogenic differentiation. Thus, this study tests the hypothesis that an in vitro bone regeneration approach that mimics the cellular niche existing during endochondral ossification, through coculture of MSCs, endothelial cells, and chondrocytes, will obviate the need for extraneous osteogenic supplements and provide an alternative strategy to elicit osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and mineral production. The specific objectives of this study were to (1) mimic the cellular niche existing during endochondral ossification and (2) investigate whether osteogenic differentiation could be induced without the use of any external growth factors. To test the hypothesis, we evaluated the mineralization and vessel formation potential of (a) a novel methodology involving both chondrogenic priming and the coculture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and MSCs compared with (b) chondrogenic priming of MSCs alone, (c) addition of HUVECs to chondrogenically primed MSC aggregates, (d-f) the same experimental groups cultured in the presence of osteogenic supplements and (g) a noncoculture group cultured in the presence of osteogenic growth factors alone. Biochemical (DNA, alkaline phosphatase [ALP], calcium, CD31+, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]), histological (alcian blue, alizarin red), and immunohistological (CD31+) analyses were conducted to investigate osteogenic differentiation and vascularization at various time points (1, 2, and 3 weeks). The coculture methodology enhanced both osteogenesis and vasculogenesis compared with osteogenic differentiation alone, whereas osteogenic supplements inhibited the osteogenesis and vascularization (ALP, calcium, and VEGF) induced through coculture alone. Taken together, these results suggest that chondrogenic and vascular priming can obviate the need for osteogenic supplements to induce osteogenesis of human MSCs in vitro, while allowing for the formation of rudimentary vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E Freeman
- 1 Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Biomechanics Research (BMEC), National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
| | - Hazel Y Stevens
- 2 George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Peter Owens
- 3 Centre for Microscopy and Imaging, National University of Ireland , Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- 2 George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Laoise M McNamara
- 1 Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Biomechanics Research (BMEC), National University of Ireland Galway , Galway, Ireland
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3
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Prakasam M, Locs J, Salma-Ancane K, Loca D, Largeteau A, Berzina-Cimdina L. Fabrication, Properties and Applications of Dense Hydroxyapatite: A Review. J Funct Biomater 2015; 6:1099-140. [PMID: 26703750 PMCID: PMC4695913 DOI: 10.3390/jfb6041099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last five decades, there have been vast advances in the field of biomaterials, including ceramics, glasses, glass-ceramics and metal alloys. Dense and porous ceramics have been widely used for various biomedical applications. Current applications of bioceramics include bone grafts, spinal fusion, bone repairs, bone fillers, maxillofacial reconstruction, etc. Amongst the various calcium phosphate compositions, hydroxyapatite, which has a composition similar to human bone, has attracted wide interest. Much emphasis is given to tissue engineering, both in porous and dense ceramic forms. The current review focusses on the various applications of dense hydroxyapatite and other dense biomaterials on the aspects of transparency and the mechanical and electrical behavior. Prospective future applications, established along the aforesaid applications of hydroxyapatite, appear to be promising regarding bone bonding, advanced medical treatment methods, improvement of the mechanical strength of artificial bone grafts and better in vitro/in vivo methodologies to afford more particular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Prakasam
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, ICMCB, 87 avenue du Dr. A. Schweitzer, Pessac F-33608, France; E-Mail:
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia; E-Mails: (J.L.); (K.S.-A.); (D.L.); (L.B.-C.)
| | - Kristine Salma-Ancane
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia; E-Mails: (J.L.); (K.S.-A.); (D.L.); (L.B.-C.)
| | - Dagnija Loca
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia; E-Mails: (J.L.); (K.S.-A.); (D.L.); (L.B.-C.)
| | - Alain Largeteau
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, ICMCB, 87 avenue du Dr. A. Schweitzer, Pessac F-33608, France; E-Mail:
| | - Liga Berzina-Cimdina
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia; E-Mails: (J.L.); (K.S.-A.); (D.L.); (L.B.-C.)
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Kapoor S, Semitela Â, Goel A, Xiang Y, Du J, Lourenço AH, Sousa DM, Granja PL, Ferreira JMF. Understanding the composition-structure-bioactivity relationships in diopside (CaO·MgO·2SiO₂)-tricalcium phosphate (3CaO·P₂O₅) glass system. Acta Biomater 2015; 15:210-26. [PMID: 25578990 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present work is an amalgamation of computation and experimental approach to gain an insight into composition-structure-bioactivity relationships of alkali-free bioactive glasses in the CaO-MgO-SiO2-P2O5 system. The glasses have been designed in the diopside (CaO·MgO·2SiO2; Di)-tricalcium phosphate (3CaO·P2O5; TCP) binary join by varying the Di/TCP ratio. The melt-quenched glasses have been investigated for their structure by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations as well as by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In all the investigated glasses silicate and phosphate components are dominated by Q(2) (Si) and Q(0) (P) species, respectively. The apatite forming ability of the glasses was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy after immersion of glass powders in simulated body fluid (SBF) for time durations varying between 1 h and 14 days, while their chemical degradation has been studied in Tris-HCl in accordance with ISO 10993-14. All the investigated glasses showed good bioactivity without any substantial variation. A significant statistical increase in metabolic activity of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) when compared to the control was observed for Di-60 and Di-70 glass compositions under both basal and osteogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kapoor
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ângela Semitela
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ashutosh Goel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8065, United States.
| | - Ye Xiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, United States
| | - Jincheng Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, United States
| | - Ana H Lourenço
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela M Sousa
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro L Granja
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José M F Ferreira
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Ohgushi H. Osteogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells and ceramics for bone tissue engineering. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 14:197-208. [PMID: 24308323 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.866086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the human body, cells having self-renewal and multi-differentiation capabilities reside in many tissues and are called adult stem cells. In bone marrow tissue, two types of stem cells are well known: hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Though the number of MSCs in bone marrow tissue is very low, it can be increased by in vitro culture of the marrow, and culture-expanded MSCs are available for various tissue regeneration. AREAS COVERED The culture-expanded MSCs can further differentiate into osteogenic cells such as bone forming osteoblasts by culturing the MSCs in an osteogenic medium. This paper discusses osteogenically differentiated MSCs derived from the bone marrow of patients. Importantly, the differentiation can be achieved on ceramic surfaces which demonstrate mineralized bone matrix formation as well as appearance of osteogenic cells. The cell/matrix/ceramic constructs could show immediate in vivo bone formation and are available for bone reconstruction surgery. EXPERT OPINION Currently, MSCs are clinically available for the regeneration of various tissues due to their high proliferation/differentiation capabilities. However, the capabilities are still limited and thus technologies to improve or recover the inherent capabilities of MSCs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Ohgushi
- Department Head, Ookuma Hospital, Department of Orthopedics , 2-17-13 Kuise-honmachi, Amagasaki City, Hyogo 660-0814 , Japan +81-6-6481-1667 ; +81-6-6481-4234
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium Orthophosphate-Based Bioceramics. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 6:3840-3942. [PMID: 28788309 PMCID: PMC5452669 DOI: 10.3390/ma6093840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various types of grafts have been traditionally used to restore damaged bones. In the late 1960s, a strong interest was raised in studying ceramics as potential bone grafts due to their biomechanical properties. A bit later, such synthetic biomaterials were called bioceramics. In principle, bioceramics can be prepared from diverse materials but this review is limited to calcium orthophosphate-based formulations only, which possess the specific advantages due to the chemical similarity to mammalian bones and teeth. During the past 40 years, there have been a number of important achievements in this field. Namely, after the initial development of bioceramics that was just tolerated in the physiological environment, an emphasis was shifted towards the formulations able to form direct chemical bonds with the adjacent bones. Afterwards, by the structural and compositional controls, it became possible to choose whether the calcium orthophosphate-based implants remain biologically stable once incorporated into the skeletal structure or whether they were resorbed over time. At the turn of the millennium, a new concept of regenerative bioceramics was developed and such formulations became an integrated part of the tissue engineering approach. Now calcium orthophosphate scaffolds are designed to induce bone formation and vascularization. These scaffolds are often porous and harbor different biomolecules and/or cells. Therefore, current biomedical applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics include bone augmentations, artificial bone grafts, maxillofacial reconstruction, spinal fusion, periodontal disease repairs and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Perspective future applications comprise drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes because calcium orthophosphates appear to be promising carriers of growth factors, bioactive peptides and various types of cells.
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphates as bioceramics: state of the art. J Funct Biomater 2010; 1:22-107. [PMID: 24955932 PMCID: PMC4030894 DOI: 10.3390/jfb1010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the late 1960s, much interest was raised in regard to biomedical applications of various ceramic materials. A little bit later, such materials were named bioceramics. This review is limited to bioceramics prepared from calcium orthophosphates only, which belong to the categories of bioactive and bioresorbable compounds. There have been a number of important advances in this field during the past 30-40 years. Namely, by structural and compositional control, it became possible to choose whether calcium orthophosphate bioceramics were biologically stable once incorporated within the skeletal structure or whether they were resorbed over time. At the turn of the millennium, a new concept of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics-which is able to promote regeneration of bones-was developed. Presently, calcium orthophosphate bioceramics are available in the form of particulates, blocks, cements, coatings, customized designs for specific applications and as injectable composites in a polymer carrier. Current biomedical applications include artificial replacements for hips, knees, teeth, tendons and ligaments, as well as repair for periodontal disease, maxillofacial reconstruction, augmentation and stabilization of the jawbone, spinal fusion and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Exploratory studies demonstrate potential applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics as scaffolds, drug delivery systems, as well as carriers of growth factors, bioactive peptides and/or various types of cells for tissue engineering purposes.
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E LL, Xu LL, Wu X, Wang DS, Lv Y, Wang JZ, Liu HC. The Interactions Between Rat-Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells, Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Play an Important Role in Bone Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:2927-40. [PMID: 20486786 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling E
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xu
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Wang
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Zhu Wang
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Chen Liu
- Dental Institute, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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Uchida M, Agata H, Sagara H, Shinohara Y, Kagami H, Asahina I. Mixing conditions for cell scaffolds affect the bone formation induced by bone engineering with human bone marrow stromal cells, β-tricalcium phosphate granules, and rhBMP-2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 91:84-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Oliveira JM, Sousa RA, Kotobuki N, Tadokoro M, Hirose M, Mano JF, Reis RL, Ohgushi H. The osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells cultured with dexamethasone-loaded carboxymethylchitosan/poly(amidoamine) dendrimer nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2009; 30:804-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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John A, Varma HK, Vijayan S, Bernhardt A, Lode A, Vogel A, Burmeister B, Hanke T, Domaschke H, Gelinsky M. In vitro
investigations of bone remodeling on a transparent hydroxyapatite ceramic. Biomed Mater 2008; 4:015007. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/4/1/015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Kotobuki N, Katsube Y, Katou Y, Tadokoro M, Hirose M, Ohgushi H. In Vivo Survival and Osteogenic Differentiation of Allogeneic Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Cell Transplant 2008; 17:705-12. [DOI: 10.3727/096368908786092793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells and reported to be immunoprivileged as well as immunosuppressive. Hence, MSCs might be ideal candidates for allogeneic transplantation to induce regeneration of damaged tissues/organs. To confirm the differentiation capability of allogeneic MSCs in vivo is important for the acceleration of regenerative medicine. Consequently, we have established an in vivo rat model using subcutaneous implantation of a hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic/MSCs composite. Osteogenic differentiation was used as an indicator of differentiation. When syngeneic MSCs were implanted, MSCs showed osteogenic differentiation as evidenced by new bone formation as well as high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. When allogeneic MSCs were implanted, none of the allografts survived or showed osteogenic differentiation. However, when the recipient rats were treated with FK506 immunosuppressant, allogeneic MSCs showed osteogenic differentiation. Although this finding might not be adequate for the acceleration of regenerative medicine, these results did confirm that MSCs are not intrinsically immunoprivileged but that under appropriate immunosuppressant treatment, allogeneic MSCs can survive and show differentiation capability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kotobuki
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Katsube
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
| | - Youichi Katou
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
| | - Mika Tadokoro
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
| | - Motohiro Hirose
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohgushi
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering (RICE), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Hyogo 661-0974, Japan
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Kamitakahara M, Ohtsuki C, Miyazaki T. Review Paper: Behavior of Ceramic Biomaterials Derived from Tricalcium Phosphate in Physiological Condition. J Biomater Appl 2008; 23:197-212. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328208096798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Various calcium phosphates are used for bone repair. Although hydroxyapatite (HA) sintered ceramics are widely used due to their osteoconductivity, its bioresorbability is so low that HA remains in the body for a long time after implantation. In contrast, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics show resorbable characters during bone regeneration, and can be completely substituted for the bone tissue after stimulation of bone formation. Therefore, much attention is paid to TCP ceramics for scaffold materials for supporting bone regeneration. This paper reviews bioresorbable properties of calcium phosphate ceramics derived from β-TCP and α-TCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Kamitakahara
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University 6-6-20, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan,
| | - Chikara Ohtsuki
- Graduate School of Engineeering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Naogya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Toshiki Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitasyushu, 808-0196, Japan
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Maeda M, Hirose M, Ohgushi H, Kirita T. In vitro Mineralization by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured on Titanium Scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 141:729-36. [PMID: 17383975 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvm077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Titanium has been utilized in the field of orthopaedic and dental reconstructive surgery, but mineralization through osteogenic differentiation of osteogenic cells on titanium surfaces has not been fully investigated. Here we cultured rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the surfaces of titanium dishes in osteogenic media containing calcein which is a calcium-binding fluorescence dye. On titanium dishes, MSCs showed high viability to adhere to the surfaces and excellent proliferation. At day 14 of culture, MSCs differentiated into osteoblasts to form mineralized matrices on titanium dishes as well as tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) dishes which are widely recognized as optimal culture substrates. Calcein was incorporated into the bone minerals fabricated by MSCs cultured on both substrates to show green emission under fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence intensity was quantified with an image analyser during culture periods. These results indicate that the surfaces of titanium showed a high adhesion/proliferation potential to MSCs and that the titanium effectively supported the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs comparable to TCPS dishes. Therefore, the titanium is an effective scaffold that is applicable in bone reconstruction surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Maeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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Morishita T, Honoki K, Ohgushi H, Kotobuki N, Matsushima A, Takakura Y. Tissue engineering approach to the treatment of bone tumors: three cases of cultured bone grafts derived from patients' mesenchymal stem cells. Artif Organs 2006; 30:115-8. [PMID: 16433845 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2006.00190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to the treatment of bone tumors using tissue-engineered implants is reported in this study. The number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from each patient's bone marrow cells was first increased, and the MSCs were forced to differentiate into osteoblasts followed by bone matrix formation on hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics. The strong osteogenic ability of the implants, as evidenced by high osteoblastic activity, was confirmed. Consequently, the HA surface was covered with the patient's derived cultured osteoblast/bone matrix. The tissue-engineered HA was used to fill the patient's bone cavity after tumor curettage. Immediate healing potential was found by serial plain radiographs and computed tomograhy images, and no adverse reactions were noted in these patients. The results indicate that tissue-engineered osteogenic ceramics might be an alternative to autologous bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Morishita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nara Medical Center, Nara, Japan.
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