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Tchinda A, Chézeau L, Pierson G, Kouitat-Njiwa R, Rihn BH, Bravetti P. Biocompatibility of ZrO2 vs. Y-TZP Alloys: Influence of Their Composition and Surface Topography. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15134655. [PMID: 35806779 PMCID: PMC9267226 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The osseointegration of implants is defined as the direct anatomical and functional connection between neoformed living bone and the surface of a supporting implant. The biological compatibility of implants depends on various parameters, such as the nature of the material, chemical composition, surface topography, chemistry and loading, surface treatment, and physical and mechanical properties. In this context, the objective of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of rough (Ra = 1 µm) and smooth (Ra = 0 µm) surface conditions of yttria–zirconia (Y-TZP) discs compared to pure zirconia (ZrO2) discs by combining a classical toxicological test, morphological observations by SEM, and a transcriptomic analysis on an in vitro model of human Saos-2 bone cells. Similar cell proliferation rates were observed between ZrO2 and Y-TZP discs and control cells, regardless of the surface topography, at up to 96 h of exposure. Dense cell matting was similarly observed on the surfaces of both materials. Interestingly, only 110 transcripts were differentially expressed across the human transcriptome, consistent with the excellent biocompatibility of Y-TZP reported in the literature. These deregulated transcripts are mainly involved in two pathways, the first being related to “mineral uptake” and the second being the “immune response”. These observations suggest that Y-TZP is an interesting candidate for application in implantology.
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Menini M, Dellepiane E, Pera F, Izzotti A, Baldi D, Delucchi F, Bagnasco F, Pesce P. MicroRNA in Implant Dentistry: From Basic Science to Clinical Application. Microrna 2021; 10:14-28. [PMID: 33970853 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210506123240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Specific microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been reported to be predictive of specific clinical outcomes of dental implants and might be used as biomarkers in implant dentistry with diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The aim of the present narrative review was to summarize current knowledge regarding the use of miRNAs in implant dentistry. The authors attempted to identify all available evidence on the topic and critically appraise it in order to lay the foundation for the development of further research oriented towards the clinical application of miRNAs in implant dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Menini
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Dellepiane
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Pera
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Baldi
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Delucchi
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bagnasco
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pesce
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Ranjkesh B, Isidor F, Dalstra M, Løvschall H. Diametral tensile strength of novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement. Dent Mater J 2017; 35:559-63. [PMID: 27477220 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel fast-setting calcium silicate cement with fluoride (CSC) has been developed for potential applications in tooth crown. The aim of this study was to test the diametral tensile strength (DTS) of different CSC compositions in humid condition on day1, 28, and 180. We tested 'bond CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and no radiocontrast, 'CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and 10% radiocontrast, 'ultrafast CSC' with 3.5% fluoride and 20% radiocontrast, 'high fluoride CSC' with 15% fluoride and 25% radiocontrast, Biodentine, and MTA. We filled the cements after mixing to cylindrical molds. Specimens were stored in >95% humidity. DTS was measured at each time point. CSC compositions had statistically higher DTS compared to MTA and Biodentine on day1. Bond CSC showed higher DTS versus all cements, except CSC, at all time points. DTS of all cements, except Biodentine, significantly increased in humid condition on day28 and day180 compared to day1.
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Cossellu G, Motta V, Dioni L, Angelici L, Vigna L, Farronato G, Pesatori AC, Bollati V. Titanium and Zirconium Levels Are Associated with Changes in MicroRNAs Expression: Results from a Human Cross-Sectional Study on Obese Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161916. [PMID: 27611787 PMCID: PMC5017677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study on 90 individuals we aimed at evaluating the microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile associated with personal levels of Titanium (Ti) and Zirconium (Zr) traced in hair samples. Ti and Zr materials are broadly used for dental implants but the biological reactions triggered by a long term presence of these materials in the oral cavity still need to be assessed. MiRNAs are mechanisms that need to be investigated as they play a fundamental role in the control of gene expression following external stimuli and contribute to a wide range of pathophysiological processes. Methods Using the TaqMan® Low-Density Array, we assessed the expression levels of 377 human miRNAs in peripheral blood of 90 subjects. Hair samples were analyzed for Ti and Zr content using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. We performed multivariable regression analysis to investigate the effects of Ti and Zr exposure on miRNA expression levels. We used the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software to explore the functional role of the investigated miRNAs and the related target genes. Results Seven miRNAs (miR-99b, miR-142-5p, miR-152, miR-193a-5p, miR-323-3p, miR-335, miR-494) resulted specifically associated with Zr levels. The functional target analysis showed that miRNAs are involved in mechanisms such as inflammation, skeletal and connective tissue disorders. Conclusions Our data suggest that Zr is more bioactive than Ti and show that miRNAs are relevant molecular mechanisms sensitive to Zr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianguido Cossellu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20122, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Valeria Motta
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Dioni
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Angelici
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisella Vigna
- Worker’s Health Protection and Promotion Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giampietro Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via della Commenda 10, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Worker’s Health Protection and Promotion Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bollati
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Biomaterials mediated microRNA delivery for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 74:404-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Guo Y, Chen D, Cheng M, Lu W, Wang L, Zhang X. The bone tissue compatibility of a new Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy with a low Young's modulus. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:689-97. [PMID: 23338484 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) alloys of the β-type are highly attractive metallic materials for biomedical applications due to their low elastic modulus, high corrosion resistance and notable biocompatibility. A new β-type Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy with a low Young's modulus of approximately 48 GPa was previously fabricated. In the present study, the biocompatibility of this alloy was evaluated. In an in vitro assay, the Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy did not markedly affect the adhesion of MG63 osteoblast cells, but it increased their proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and mRNA expression of osteogenic genes (i.e., ALP, osteocalcin, osteopontin). In an in vivo study, no marked histological differences were observed between the new bone formed on the surface of Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr and that formed on the surface of control Ti6Al4V rods placed in the medullary canal of rabbit femurs. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the failure load of Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr and Ti6Al4V in pull-out tests. In conclusion, the Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy with a lower elastic modulus closer to that of human bone has significant bone tissue compatibility equal to that of Ti6Al4V, which has been widely used in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Morales V, da Silva GF, Bosso R, Reis JMSN, Duarte MAH, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Compressive Strength and Setting Time of MTA and Portland Cement Associated with Different Radiopacifying Agents. ISRN DENTISTRY 2012; 2012:898051. [PMID: 22957262 PMCID: PMC3432372 DOI: 10.5402/2012/898051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength and setting time of MTA and Portland cement (PC) associated with bismuth oxide (BO), zirconium oxide (ZO), calcium tungstate (CT), and strontium carbonate (SC). Methods. For the compressive strength test, specimens were evaluated in an EMIC DL 2000 apparatus at 0.5 mm/min speed. For evaluation of setting time, each material was analyzed using Gilmore-type needles. The statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and the Tukey tests, at 5% significance. Results. After 24 hours, the highest values were found for PC and PC + ZO. At 21 days, PC + BO showed the lowest compressive strength among all the groups. The initial setting time was greater for PC. The final setting time was greater for PC and PC + CT, and MTA had the lowest among the evaluated materials (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The results showed that all radiopacifying agents tested may potentially be used in association with PC to replace BO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-385 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Zhong N, Sun J, Min Z, Zhao W, Zhang R, Wang W, Tian J, Tian L, Ma J, Li D, Han Y, Lu S. MicroRNA-337 is associated with chondrogenesis through regulating TGFBR2 expression. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:593-602. [PMID: 22425884 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in regulating diverse cellular pathways and involved in development and inflammation. This study aimed to examine six miRNAs expression during the cartilage development and identify the key miRNA which is associated with chondrogenesis. METHODS The expression of six miRNAs in cartilage tissue during development was screened by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Rat models of bone matrix gelatin induced endochondral ossification, collagen-induced arthritis and pristane-induced arthritis were established to examine whether miR-337 is involved in chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the regulation of transforming growth factor-b type II receptor (TGFBR2) expression by miR-337 was determined with the luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot. The expression of some specific genes relevant to cartilage tissue was tested by RT-qPCR after miR-337 mimic or inhibitor transfection. RESULTS MiR-337 expression was significantly down-regulated and almost disappeared in the maturation phases of endochondral ossification. The results of histology and RT-qPCR from three rat models showed that miR-337 is directly bound up with chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the results from the luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot indicated that miR-337 regulated TGFBR2 expression. Our study also found that the enhancement of miR-337 may modulate the expression of cartilage-specific genes such as AGC1 in C-28/I2 chondrocytes. CONCLUSION We proved that miRNA-337 is associated with chondrogenesis through regulating TGFBR2 expression, and miRNA-337 can also influence cartilage-specific gene expression in chondrocytes. These findings may provide an important clue for further research in the arthritis pathogenesis and suggest a new remedy for arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhong
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Branzoi IV, Iordoc M, Branzoi F, Rimbu G. Growth and characterization of zirconia ceramic film formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation on biomedical Zr3Ta alloy. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihai Iordoc
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering; INCDIE ICPE-Advanced Researches; 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138, Bucharest-3; Romania
| | - Florina Branzoi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Spl Independentei 202; Bucharest; Romania
| | - Gimi Rimbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering; INCDIE ICPE-Advanced Researches; 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138, Bucharest-3; Romania
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Quabius ES, Ossenkop L, Harder S, Kern M. Dental implants stimulate expression of Interleukin-8 and its receptor in human blood-An in vitro approach. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1283-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mendonça DBS, Miguez PA, Mendonça G, Yamauchi M, Aragão FJL, Cooper LF. Titanium surface topography affects collagen biosynthesis of adherent cells. Bone 2011; 49:463-72. [PMID: 21549232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collagen-dependent microstructure and physicochemical properties of newly formed bone around implant surfaces represent key determinants of implant biomechanics. This study investigated the effects of implant surface topography on collagen biosynthesis of adherent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). hMSCs were grown for 0 to 42 days on titanium disks (20.0 × 1.0 mm) with smooth or rough surfaces. Cell attachment and spreading were evaluated by incubating cells with Texas-Red-conjugated phalloidin antibody. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of Col1α1 and collagen modifying genes including prolyl hydroxylases (PHs), lysyl oxidases (LOXs) and lysyl hydroxylases (LHs). Osteogenesis was assessed at the level of osteoblast specific gene expression and alizarin red staining for mineralization. Cell layer-associated matrix and collagen content were determined by amino acid analysis. At 4h, 100% cells were flattened on both surfaces, however the cells on smooth surface had a fibroblast-like shape, while cells on rough surface lacked any defined long axis. PH, LH, and most LOX mRNA levels were greater in hMSCs grown on rough surfaces for 3 days. The mineralized area was greater for rough surface at 28 and 42 days. The collagen content (percent total protein) was also greater at rough surface compared to smooth surface at 28 (36% versus 26%) and 42 days (46% versus 29%), respectively (p<.05). In a cell culture model, rough surface topography positively modulates collagen biosynthesis and accumulation and the expression of genes associated with collagen cross-linking in adherent hMSC. The altered biosynthesis of the collagen-rich ECM adjacent to endosseous implants may influence the biomechanical properties of osseointegrated endosseous implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela B S Mendonça
- Bone Biology and Implant Therapy Laboratory, Department of Prosthodontics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 330 Brauer Hall, CB #7450, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Xu XH, Dong SS, Guo Y, Yang TL, Lei SF, Papasian CJ, Zhao M, Deng HW. Molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis: the 2009 update. Endocr Rev 2010; 31:447-505. [PMID: 20357209 PMCID: PMC3365849 DOI: 10.1210/er.2009-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex human disease that results in increased susceptibility to fragility fractures. It can be phenotypically characterized using several traits, including bone mineral density, bone size, bone strength, and bone turnover markers. The identification of gene variants that contribute to osteoporosis phenotypes, or responses to therapy, can eventually help individualize the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of fractures and their adverse outcomes. Our previously published reviews have comprehensively summarized the progress of molecular genetic studies of gene identification for osteoporosis and have covered the data available to the end of September 2007. This review represents our continuing efforts to summarize the important and representative findings published between October 2007 and November 2009. The topics covered include genetic association and linkage studies in humans, transgenic and knockout mouse models, as well as gene-expression microarray and proteomics studies. Major results are tabulated for comparison and ease of reference. Comments are made on the notable findings and representative studies for their potential influence and implications on our present understanding of the genetics of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hong Xu
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Hanagata N, Takemura T, Minowa T. Global gene expression analysis for evaluation and design of biomaterials. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2010; 11:013001. [PMID: 27877315 PMCID: PMC5090542 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/11/1/013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2010] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays has become a widespread technique in molecular biological research. In the biomaterials field, it is used to evaluate the biocompatibility or cellular toxicity of metals, polymers and ceramics. Studies in this field have extracted differentially expressed genes in the context of differences in cellular responses among multiple materials. Based on these genes, the effects of materials on cells at the molecular level have been examined. Expression data ranging from several to tens of thousands of genes can be obtained from DNA microarrays. For this reason, several tens or hundreds of differentially expressed genes are often present in different materials. In this review, we outline the principles of DNA microarrays, and provide an introduction to methods of extracting information which is useful for evaluating and designing biomaterials from comprehensive gene expression data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Hanagata
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center and Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Taro Takemura
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center and Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Minowa
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center and Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
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Mendonça G, Mendonça DBS, Simões LGP, Araújo AL, Leite ER, Duarte WR, Aragão FJL, Cooper LF. The effects of implant surface nanoscale features on osteoblast-specific gene expression. Biomaterials 2009; 30:4053-62. [PMID: 19464052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of nanoscale implant surface features on osteoblast differentiation. Titanium disks (20.0 x 1.0 mm) with different nanoscale materials were prepared using sol-gel-derived coatings and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and analyzed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the disks for 3-28 days. The levels of ALP, BSP, Runx2, OCN, OPG, and OSX mRNA and a panel of 76 genes related to osteogenesis were evaluated. Topographical and chemical evaluation confirmed nanoscale features present on the coated surfaces only. Bone-specific mRNAs were increased on surfaces with superimposed nanoscale features compared to Machined (M) and Acid etched (Ac). At day 14, OSX mRNA levels were increased by 2-, 3.5-, 4- and 3-fold for Anatase (An), Rutile (Ru), Alumina (Al), and Zirconia (Zr), respectively. OSX expression levels for M and Ac approximated baseline levels. At days 14 and 28 the BSP relative mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated for all surfaces with nanoscale coated features (up to 45-fold increase for Al). The PCR array showed an up-regulation on Al coated implants when compared to M. An improved response of cells adhered to nanostructured-coated implant surfaces was represented by increased OSX and BSP expressions. Furthermore, nanostructured surfaces produced using aluminum oxide significantly enhanced the hMSC gene expression representative of osteoblast differentiation. Nanoscale features on Ti implant substrates may improve the osseointegration response by altering adherent cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Mendonça
- Universidade Católica de Brasília, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, SGAN Quadra 916, Módulo B, Av. W5 Norte 70.790-160-Asa Norte Brasília/DF, Brazil.
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Depprich R, Ommerborn M, Zipprich H, Naujoks C, Handschel J, Wiesmann HP, Kübler NR, Meyer U. Behavior of osteoblastic cells cultured on titanium and structured zirconia surfaces. Head Face Med 2008; 4:29. [PMID: 19063728 PMCID: PMC2614982 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-4-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osseointegration is crucial for the long-term success of dental implants and depends on the tissue reaction at the tissue-implant interface. Mechanical properties and biocompatibility make zirconia a suitable material for dental implants, although surface processings are still problematic. The aim of the present study was to compare osteoblast behavior on structured zirconia and titanium surfaces under standardized conditions. METHODS The surface characteristics were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In primary bovine osteoblasts attachment kinetics, proliferation rate and synthesis of bone-associated proteins were tested on different surfaces. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the proliferation rate of cells was significantly higher on zirconia surfaces than on titanium surfaces (p < 0.05; Student's t-test). In contrast, attachment and adhesion strength of the primary cells was significant higher on titanium surfaces (p < 0.05; U test). No significant differences were found in the synthesis of bone-specific proteins. Ultrastructural analysis revealed phenotypic features of osteoblast-like cells on both zirconia and titanium surfaces. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates distinct effects of the surface composition on osteoblasts in culture. Zirconia improves cell proliferation significantly during the first days of culture, but it does not improve attachment and adhesion strength. Both materials do not differ with respect to protein synthesis or ultrastructural appearance of osteoblasts. Zirconium oxide may therefore be a suitable material for dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Depprich
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry and Endodontics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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