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Zhang X, Zhou W, Xi W. Advancements in incorporating metal ions onto the surface of biomedical titanium and its alloys via micro-arc oxidation: a research review. Front Chem 2024; 12:1353950. [PMID: 38456182 PMCID: PMC10917964 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1353950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of biologically active metallic elements into nano/micron-scale coatings through micro-arc oxidation (MAO) shows significant potential in enhancing the biological characteristics and functionality of titanium-based materials. By introducing diverse metal ions onto titanium implant surfaces, not only can their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and corrosion resistance properties be heightened, but it also promotes vascular growth and facilitates the formation of new bone tissue. This review provides a thorough examination of recent advancements in this field, covering the characteristics of commonly used metal ions and their associated preparation parameters. It also highlights the diverse applications of specific metal ions in enhancing osteogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial efficacy, anti-inflammatory and corrosion resistance properties of titanium implants. Furthermore, the review discusses challenges faced and future prospects in this promising area of research. In conclusion, the synergistic approach of micro-arc oxidation and metal ion doping demonstrates substantial promise in advancing the effectiveness of biomedical titanium and its alloys, promising improved outcomes in medical implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue’e Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wuchao Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weihong Xi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Liang J, Lu X, Zheng X, Li YR, Geng X, Sun K, Cai H, Jia Q, Jiang HB, Liu K. Modification of titanium orthopedic implants with bioactive glass: a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro studies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1269223. [PMID: 38033819 PMCID: PMC10686101 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1269223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are ideal biomaterials in the field of bio-restoration due to their excellent biocompatibility. Titanium alloys are widely used as a bone graft substitute material because of their excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties; however, their biological inertness makes them prone to clinical failure. Surface modification of titanium alloys with bioactive glass can effectively combine the superior mechanical properties of the substrate with the biological properties of the coating material. In this review, the relevant articles published from 2013 to the present were searched in four databases, namely, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, and after screening, 49 studies were included. We systematically reviewed the basic information and the study types of the included studies, which comprise in vitro experiments, animal tests, and clinical trials. In addition, we summarized the applied coating technologies, which include pulsed laser deposition (PLD), electrophoretic deposition, dip coating, and magnetron sputtering deposition. The superior biocompatibility of the materials in terms of cytotoxicity, cell activity, hemocompatibility, anti-inflammatory properties, bioactivity, and their good bioactivity in terms of osseointegration, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and soft tissue adhesion are discussed. We also analyzed the advantages of the existing materials and the prospects for further research. Even though the current research status is not extensive enough, it is still believed that BG-coated Ti implants have great clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XinYue Lu
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XinRu Zheng
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Ru Li
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XiaoYu Geng
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - KeXin Sun
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - HongXin Cai
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Chen B, Liang Y, Song Y, Liang Y, Jiao J, Bai H, Li Y. Photothermal-Controlled Release of IL-4 in IL-4/PDA-Immobilized Black Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2) Nanotubes Surface to Enhance Osseointegration: An In Vivo Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5962. [PMID: 36079344 PMCID: PMC9457063 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Host immune response has gradually been accepted as a critical factor in achieving successful implant osseointegration. The aim of this study is to create a favorable immune microenvironment by the dominant release of IL-4 during the initial few days after implant insertion to mitigate early inflammatory reactions and facilitate osseointegration. Herein, the B-TNT/PDA/IL-4 substrate was established by immobilizing an interleukin-4 (IL-4)/polydopamine (PDA) coating on a black TiO2 nanotube (B-TNT) surface, achieving on-demand IL-4 release under near infrared (NIR) irradiation. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses based on high-throughput DNA microarray data revealed that IL-4 addition inhibited osteoclast differentiation and function. Animal experiment results suggested that the B-TNT/PDA/IL-4+Laser substrate induced the least inflammatory, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, inducible nitric oxide synthase and the most CD163 positive cells, compared to the Ti group at 7 days post-implantation. In addition, 28 days post-implantation, micro-computed tomography results showed the highest bone volume/total volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number and the lowest trabecular separation, while Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson-trichrome staining revealed the largest amount of new bone formation for the B-TNT/PDA/IL-4+Laser group. This study revealed the osteoimmunoregulatory function of the novel B-TNT/PDA/IL-4 surface by photothermal release of IL-4 at an early period post-implantation, thus paving a new way for dental implant surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yu Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yunjia Song
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yunkai Liang
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hong Bai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology and Key Laboratory of the Educational Ministry of China, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Villaça-Carvalho MFL, de Araújo JCR, Beraldo JM, do Prado RF, de Moraes MEL, Manhães Junior LRC, Codaro EN, Acciari HA, Machado JPB, Regone NN, Lobo AO, Marciano FR, de Vasconcellos LMR. Bioactivity of an Experimental Dental Implant with Anodized Surface. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12020039. [PMID: 34200191 PMCID: PMC8293239 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies proved that anodic oxidation improves osseointegration. This study aimed to optimize osseointegration through anodization in dental implants, obtaining anatase phase and controlled nanotopography. Methods: The division of the groups with 60 titanium implants was: control (CG); sandblasted (SG); anodized (AG): anodized pulsed current (duty cycle 30%, 30 V, 0.2 A and 1000 Hz). Before surgery, surface characterization was performed using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Dispersive Energy Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman Spectroscopy. For in vivo tests, 10 New Zealand white rabbits received an implant from each group. The sacrifice period was 2 and 6 weeks (n = 5) and the specimens were subjected to computed microtomography (μCT) and reverse torque test. Results: AFM and SEM demonstrated a particular nanotopography on the surface in AG; the anatase phase was proved by Raman spectroscopy. In the μCT and in the reverse torque test, the AG group presented better results than the other groups. Conclusion: The chemical composition and structure of the TiO2 film were positively affected by the anodizing technique, intensifying the biological characteristics in osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Lima Villaça-Carvalho
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
| | - Juliani Caroline Ribeiro de Araújo
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
| | - Juliana Mariano Beraldo
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
| | - Renata Falchete do Prado
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
- Correspondence: (R.F.d.P.); (L.M.R.d.V.); Tel.: +55-129-8818-1514 (R.F.d.P.); +55-129-9773-3291 (L.M.R.d.V.)
| | - Mari Eli Leonelli de Moraes
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
| | - Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães Junior
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
| | - Eduardo Norberto Codaro
- Department of Chemistry and Energy, School of Engineering, Guaratinguetá Campus, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá, São Paulo 12516-410, Brazil; (E.N.C.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Heloisa Andrea Acciari
- Department of Chemistry and Energy, School of Engineering, Guaratinguetá Campus, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá, São Paulo 12516-410, Brazil; (E.N.C.); (H.A.A.)
| | - João Paulo Barros Machado
- Associated Laboratory of Sensors and Materials, National Institute for Space Research, INPE, São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12227-010, Brazil;
| | - Natal Nerímio Regone
- Department of Aeronautic and Communication Engineering São João da Boa Vista Campus, UNESP—São Paulo State University, São João da Boa Vista, São Paulo 13876-750, Brazil;
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- LIMAV—Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, UFPI—Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil;
| | | | - Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP—São Paulo State University São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (M.F.L.V.-C.); (J.C.R.d.A.); (J.M.B.); (M.E.L.d.M.); (L.R.C.M.J.)
- Correspondence: (R.F.d.P.); (L.M.R.d.V.); Tel.: +55-129-8818-1514 (R.F.d.P.); +55-129-9773-3291 (L.M.R.d.V.)
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Li B, Zhang L, Li Y, Li H, Zhou L, Liang C, Wang H. Corrosion Resistance and Biological Properties of Anatase and Rutile Coatings on a Titanium Surface. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoe Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Chunyong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Hongshui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
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Zhou W, Huang O, Gan Y, Li Q, Zhou T, Xi W. Effect of titanium implants with coatings of different pore sizes on adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:290-299. [PMID: 30688103 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1553784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of surface modification methods are applied to modify titanium implants to improve their biological activity. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) can relatively simply and efficiently produce porous coatings with high bioactivity and bond strength on titanium surfaces. However, there is no conclusion about the effect of coatings with different pore sizes produced by MAO on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). To study the effect of different pore sizes on BMSCs, rat BMSCs were applied to detect the effect of different pore sizes prepared by MAO on cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. Three groups of coatings with different pore sizes were successfully prepared, and the pore size was within the range of 3-10 µm. Importantly, the expression of adhesion-related protein integrin β1 and osteogenic-related proteins OSX and ALP increased along with the increase in pore size. This study showed that the porous coating prepared by MAO promotes BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. It reveals that the pore size is in the range of 3-10 µm and the larger pores are more beneficial for BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. This study is instructive for optimizing the design of biomedical implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchao Zhou
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Ou Huang
- b Comprehensive Breast Health Centre, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanzi Gan
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Qishun Li
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Tian Zhou
- c Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Weihong Xi
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
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Surface Immobilization of TiO 2 Nanotubes with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Synergistically Enhances Initial Preosteoblast Adhesion and Osseointegration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5697250. [PMID: 31032352 PMCID: PMC6457305 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5697250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely used as implant materials, the bioinertness of pristine Ti impairs their bioactivity and early osseointegration. In the present work, we prepared TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) layer on the titanium (Ti) surface by anodic oxidation. The anodized surface was functionalized with human bone morphogenetic protein-2 coating to form the hBMP-2/TNT surface. The release behavior of hBMP-2 on the hBMP-2/TNT surface displayed a controlled and sustained pattern, compared to that on the hBMP-2/Ti surface, which showed a rapid release. In vitro cellular activity tests demonstrated that both TNT and hBMP-2/Ti surfaces, particularly the hBMP-2/TNT surface, enhanced adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblast cells. Increased cell adhesion, improved cytoskeleton organization, and immunofluorescence staining of vinculin were observed on the modified surfaces. The TNT, hBMP-2/Ti, and hBMP-2/TNT surfaces, especially the hBMP-2/TNT surface, further displayed an upregulated gene expression of adhesion and osteogenic markers vinculin, collagen type 1, osteopontin, and osteocalcin, compared to the pristine Ti surface. In vivo experiments using a rat model demonstrated that the TNT and hBMP-2/Ti surfaces, in particular the hBMP-2/TNT surface, improved osseointegration and showed a superior bone bonding ability compared to Ti. Our study revealed a synergistic role played by TiO2 nanotubes nanotopography and hBMP-2 in promoting initial osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and osseointegration, thus suggesting a promising method for better modifying the implant surface.
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Martínez-Pérez M, Conde A, Arenas MA, Mahíllo-Fernandez I, de-Damborenea JJ, Pérez-Tanoira R, Pérez-Jorge C, Esteban J. The "Race for the Surface" experimentally studied: In vitro assessment of Staphylococcus spp. adhesion and preosteoblastic cells integration to doped Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 173:876-883. [PMID: 30551304 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implant-related infection is a devastating complication in orthopedic surgery. Aiming to minimize this problem, many material modifications have been developed. Here we report a study of a surface modification of Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy using a methodology that enables the study of interactions between bacteria and the material in the presence of eukaryotic cells. METHODS We mixed different concentrations of collection or clinical strains of staphylococci isolated from implant-related infections with preosteoblastic cells using a previously published methodology, analyzing the minimal concentration of bacteria able to colonize the surface of the material through image analysis. Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy was modified by anodization to obtain two F-doped nanostructured surfaces that have been previously described to have antibacterial properties. RESULTS Our results show similar bacterial adhesion results to nanoporous and nanotubular F-doped surfaces. The presence of preosteoblastic cells increases the adherence of all bacterial strains to both structures. No effect of the surface on eukaryotic cells adherence was detected. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first time that anin vitro study emulating the race for the surface evaluates and compares the osseointegration and antibacterial properties between two nanostructured- modified titanium alloy surfaces. Clinical strains show different behavior from collection ones in bacterial adherence. The presence of cells increased bacterial adherence. NP and NT surface modifications didn´t show significant differences in bacterial adhesion and preosteoblastic cells integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martínez-Pérez
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM. Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Conde
- Department of Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research, CENIM-CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Angeles Arenas
- Department of Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research, CENIM-CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernandez
- Department of Statistics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM. Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan-José de-Damborenea
- Department of Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability, National Center for Metallurgical Research, CENIM-CSIC, Avda. Gregorio del Amo, 8, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramón Pérez-Tanoira
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM. Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Concepción Pérez-Jorge
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM. Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaime Esteban
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM. Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Ferrà-Cañellas MDM, Llopis-Grimalt MA, Monjo M, Ramis JM. Tuning Nanopore Diameter of Titanium Surfaces to Improve Human Gingival Fibroblast Response. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2881. [PMID: 30249013 PMCID: PMC6213077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal nanopore diameter of titanium nanostructured surfaces to improve human gingival fibroblast (hGF) response, with the purpose of promoting gingiva integration to dental implant abutments. Two TiO₂ nanoporous groups with different diameters (NP-S ~48 nm and NP-B ~74 nm) were grown on Ti foils using an organic electrolyte containing fluoride by electrochemical oxidation, varying the applied voltage and the interelectrode spacing. The surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle. The hGF were cultured onto the different surfaces, and metabolic activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and gene expression were analyzed. Bigger porous diameters (NP-B) were obtained by increasing the voltage used during anodization. To obtain the smallest diameter (NP-S), apart from lowering the voltage, a lower interelectrode spacing was needed. The greatest surface area and number of peaks was found for NP-B, despite these samples not being the roughest as defined by Ra. NP-B had a better cellular response compared to NP-S. However, these effects had a significant dependence on the cell donor. In conclusion, nanoporous groups with a diameter in the range of 74 nm induce a better hGF response, which may be beneficial for an effective soft tissue integration around the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Ferrà-Cañellas
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands. Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Maria Antonia Llopis-Grimalt
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands. Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Marta Monjo
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands. Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Joana Maria Ramis
- Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands. Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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10
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Ritz U, Nusselt T, Sewing A, Ziebart T, Kaufmann K, Baranowski A, Rommens PM, Hofmann A. The effect of different collagen modifications for titanium and titanium nitrite surfaces on functions of gingival fibroblasts. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:255-265. [PMID: 26969500 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Targeted modifications of the bulk implant surfaces using bioactive agents provide a promising tool for improvement of the long-term bony and soft tissue integration of dental implants. In this study, we assessed the cellular responses of primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) to different surface modifications of titanium (Ti) and titanium nitride (TiN) alloys with type I collagen or cyclic-RGDfK-peptide in order to define a modification improving long-term implants in dental medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Employing Ti and TiN implants, we compared the performance of simple dip coating and anodic immobilization of type I collagen that provided collagen layers of two different thicknesses. HGF were seeded on the different coated implants, and adhesion, proliferation, and gene expression were analyzed. RESULTS Although there were no strong differences in initial cell adhesion between the groups at 2 and 4 hours, we found that all surface modifications induced higher proliferation rates as compared to the unmodified controls. Consistently, gene expression levels of cell adhesion markers (focal adhesion kinase (FAK), integrin beta1, and vinculin), cell differentiation markers (FGFR1, TGFb-R1), extracellular protein markers (type I collagen, vimentin), and cytoskeletal protein marker aktinin-1 were consistently higher in all surface modification groups at two different time points of investigation as compared to the unmodified controls. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that simple dip coating of Ti and TiN with collagen is sufficient to induce in vitro cellular responses that are comparable to those of more reliable coating methods like anodic adsorption, chemical cross-linking, or RGD coating. TiN alloys do not possess any positive or adverse effects on HGF. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results demonstrate a simple, yet effective, method for collagen coating on titanium implants to improve the long term integration and stability of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ritz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Nusselt
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - A Sewing
- Biomet Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Ziebart
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - A Baranowski
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - P M Rommens
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Beltrán-Partida E, Moreno-Ulloa A, Valdez-Salas B, Velasquillo C, Carrillo M, Escamilla A, Valdez E, Villarreal F. Improved Osteoblast and Chondrocyte Adhesion and Viability by Surface-Modified Ti6Al4V Alloy with Anodized TiO₂ Nanotubes Using a Super-Oxidative Solution. MATERIALS 2015; 8:867-883. [PMID: 28787976 PMCID: PMC5455429 DOI: 10.3390/ma8030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are amongst the most commonly-used biomaterials in orthopedic and dental applications. The Ti-aluminum-vanadium alloy (Ti6Al4V) is widely used as a biomaterial for these applications by virtue of its favorable properties, such as high tensile strength, good biocompatibility and excellent corrosion resistance. TiO2 nanotube (NTs) layers formed by anodization on Ti6Al4V alloy have been shown to improve osteoblast adhesion and function when compared to non-anodized material. In his study, NTs were grown on a Ti6Al4V alloy by anodic oxidation for 5 min using a super-oxidative aqueous solution, and their in vitro biocompatibility was investigated in pig periosteal osteoblasts and cartilage chondrocytes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the materials. Cell morphology was analyzed by SEM and AFM. Cell viability was examined by fluorescence microscopy. Cell adhesion was evaluated by nuclei staining and cell number quantification by fluorescence microscopy. The average diameter of the NTs was 80 nm. The results demonstrate improved cell adhesion and viability at Day 1 and Day 3 of cell growth on the nanostructured material as compared to the non-anodized alloy. In conclusion, this study evidences the suitability of NTs grown on Ti6Al4V alloy using a super-oxidative water and a short anodization process to enhance the adhesion and viability of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. The results warrant further investigation for its use as medical implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Beltrán-Partida
- Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Av. Zotoluca y Chinampas, s/n, Mexicali C.P. 21040, Baja California, Mexico.
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. B. Juárez y Calle de la Normal s/n, Mexicali C.P. 21280, Baja California, Mexico.
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Calz. México Xochimilco, No. 289, Arenal de Guadalupe, México C.P. 14389, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Aldo Moreno-Ulloa
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, México C.P. 11340, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Benjamín Valdez-Salas
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. B. Juárez y Calle de la Normal s/n, Mexicali C.P. 21280, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Cristina Velasquillo
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Calz. México Xochimilco, No. 289, Arenal de Guadalupe, México C.P. 14389, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Monica Carrillo
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. B. Juárez y Calle de la Normal s/n, Mexicali C.P. 21280, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Alan Escamilla
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. B. Juárez y Calle de la Normal s/n, Mexicali C.P. 21280, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Ernesto Valdez
- Centro Medico Ixchel, Bravo y Obregón, Mexicali C.P. 21000, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Villarreal
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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