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Zhang X, Zhou W, Xi W. Advancements in incorporating metal ions onto the surface of biomedical titanium and its alloys via micro-arc oxidation: a research review. Front Chem 2024; 12:1353950. [PMID: 38456182 PMCID: PMC10917964 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1353950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of biologically active metallic elements into nano/micron-scale coatings through micro-arc oxidation (MAO) shows significant potential in enhancing the biological characteristics and functionality of titanium-based materials. By introducing diverse metal ions onto titanium implant surfaces, not only can their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and corrosion resistance properties be heightened, but it also promotes vascular growth and facilitates the formation of new bone tissue. This review provides a thorough examination of recent advancements in this field, covering the characteristics of commonly used metal ions and their associated preparation parameters. It also highlights the diverse applications of specific metal ions in enhancing osteogenesis, angiogenesis, antibacterial efficacy, anti-inflammatory and corrosion resistance properties of titanium implants. Furthermore, the review discusses challenges faced and future prospects in this promising area of research. In conclusion, the synergistic approach of micro-arc oxidation and metal ion doping demonstrates substantial promise in advancing the effectiveness of biomedical titanium and its alloys, promising improved outcomes in medical implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue’e Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wuchao Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weihong Xi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Memè L, Sartini D, Pozzi V, Emanuelli M, Strappa EM, Bittarello P, Bambini F, Gallusi G. Epithelial Biological Response to Machined Titanium vs. PVD Zirconium-Coated Titanium: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15207250. [PMID: 36295315 PMCID: PMC9610795 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the epithelial biological response to machined titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 coated with zirconia (ZrN) by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Human keratinocytes were cultured in six-well plates. Machined titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T1) and ZrN-coated titanium TiAl4V4 grade 5 (T2) discs were placed in two different wells. The remaining two wells served as control (C). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to compare the T1 and T2 surfaces. Subsequent analyses were performed to explore the effect of T1 and T2 contact with human keratinocyte HUKE cell lines. Cell viability was evaluated using a trypan blue exclusion test and MTT assay. Cell lysates from C, T1, and T2 were Western blotted to evaluate E-cadherin and Integrin-α6β4 expression. SEM revealed that T2 was smoother and more homogeneous than T1. EDS showed homogeneous and uniform distribution of ZrN coating on T2. Cell viability analyses did not show significant differences between T1 and T2. Furthermore, E-cadherin and Integrin-α6β4 expressions of the epithelial cells cultured in T1 and T2 were similar. Therefore, titanium Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 surfaces coated with ZrN by PVD seem to be similar substrates to the uncoated surfaces for keratinocyte adhesion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Memè
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Enrico M. Strappa
- Department of Health Technologies, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Bambini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianni Gallusi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Munro T, Miller CM, Antunes E, Sharma D. Interactions of Osteoprogenitor Cells with a Novel Zirconia Implant Surface. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:E50. [PMID: 32708701 PMCID: PMC7565437 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study compared the in vitro response of a mouse pre-osteoblast cell line on a novel sandblasted zirconia surface with that of titanium. Material and Methods: The MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 osteoblast precursor cell line was cultured on either sandblasted titanium (SBCpTi) or sandblasted zirconia (SBY-TZP). The surface topography was analysed by three-dimensional laser microscopy and scanning electron microscope. The wettability of the discs was also assessed. The cellular response was quantified by assessing the morphology (day 1), proliferation (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9), viability (day 1, 9), and migration (0, 6, 24 h) assays. Results: The sandblasting surface treatment in both titanium and zirconia increased the surface roughness by rendering a defined surface topography with titanium showing more apparent nano-topography. The wettability of the two surfaces showed no significant difference. The zirconia surface resulted in improved cellular spreading and a significantly increased rate of migration compared to titanium. However, the cellular proliferation and viability noted in our experiments were not significantly different on the zirconia and titanium surfaces. Conclusions: The novel, roughened zirconia surface elicited cellular responses comparable to, or exceeding that, of titanium. Therefore, this novel zirconia surface may be an acceptable substitute for titanium as a dental implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Munro
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield 4878, QLD, Australia;
| | - Catherine M. Miller
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, 14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield 4878, QLD, Australia;
- The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM) James Cook University, 14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield 4878, QLD, Australia
| | - Elsa Antunes
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Townsville 4814, QLD, Australia;
| | - Dileep Sharma
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield 4878, QLD, Australia;
- The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM) James Cook University, 14-88 McGregor Road, Smithfield 4878, QLD, Australia
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Kumar S, Nehra M, Kedia D, Dilbaghi N, Tankeshwar K, Kim KH. Nanotechnology-based biomaterials for orthopaedic applications: Recent advances and future prospects. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhou W, Huang O, Gan Y, Li Q, Zhou T, Xi W. Effect of titanium implants with coatings of different pore sizes on adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:290-299. [PMID: 30688103 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1553784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of surface modification methods are applied to modify titanium implants to improve their biological activity. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) can relatively simply and efficiently produce porous coatings with high bioactivity and bond strength on titanium surfaces. However, there is no conclusion about the effect of coatings with different pore sizes produced by MAO on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). To study the effect of different pore sizes on BMSCs, rat BMSCs were applied to detect the effect of different pore sizes prepared by MAO on cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. Three groups of coatings with different pore sizes were successfully prepared, and the pore size was within the range of 3-10 µm. Importantly, the expression of adhesion-related protein integrin β1 and osteogenic-related proteins OSX and ALP increased along with the increase in pore size. This study showed that the porous coating prepared by MAO promotes BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. It reveals that the pore size is in the range of 3-10 µm and the larger pores are more beneficial for BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. This study is instructive for optimizing the design of biomedical implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchao Zhou
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Ou Huang
- b Comprehensive Breast Health Centre, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanzi Gan
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Qishun Li
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Tian Zhou
- c Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Weihong Xi
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Jiangxi Province, Medical College of Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
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Ti-SLActive and TiZr-SLActive Dental Implant Surfaces Promote Fast Osteoblast Differentiation. COATINGS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings7070102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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