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Ferraz DC, Pinto JC, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. In vivo method to evaluate volumetric changes in bioceramic repair materials. Braz Dent J 2024; 35:e245960. [PMID: 39320005 PMCID: PMC11412096 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202405960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro immersion solutions or an in vivo method on volumetric change of bioceramic root repair materials: Bio-C Repair (BCR, Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and Biodentine (BIO, Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France) compared to IRM (Dentsply Sirona, York, Pennsylvania, USA) by using microcomputed tomography (µCT) assessment. Tubes of polyvinyl chloride (PVC, 4 mm of length x 1.3 mm of inside diameter, n = 7) were filled with the materials for volumetric analysis in µCT. Samples were scanned after materials setting and after immersion in distilled water, PBS, or in vivo tissue fluid of subcutaneous tissue of rats for 7 days. IRM showed higher volumetric change than BCR and BIO in all immersion solutions (P<0.05). BIO and BCR presented similar volumetric changes when immersed in PBS and distilled water (P>0.05). When the in vivo method was used, BIO and BCR showed lower volumetric change (P<0.05), including an increase in volume for BCR. The immersion solutions influenced the evaluation of the volumetric change of bioceramic repair materials. Bioceramic materials show greater volumetric stability when evaluated by the in vivo method. The in vivo method in the subcutaneous tissue of rats can be an alternative for analyzing the properties of bioceramic cement, showing similarity with the clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cassiano Ferraz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Mendonça GDC, Tavares KIMC, Santos-Junior AO, Torres FFE, Pinto JC, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Volumetric change of calcium silicate-based repair materials in a simulated inflammatory environment: A micro-computed tomography study. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:817-821. [PMID: 39372571 PMCID: PMC11451692 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_264_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Context An acidic hydrogen potential (pH) in an inflammatory condition in the periapical tissues may affect the properties of repair bioceramic cement. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pH on the volumetric change of the ready-to-use bioceramic NeoPUTTY (NP) compared to the powder/liquid MTA Repair HP (MTAHP) after immersion in butyric acid (BA, pH 4.1) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.35). Subjects and Methods Dentin tubes filled with NP or MTAHP were scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after 24 h. Then, the specimens were immersed in 1.5 mL of BA: NP/BA, MTAHP/BA or PBS: NP/PBS, MTAHP/PBS. After 7 days, new micro-CT scans were performed. The percentage of volumetric change (extremities and internal part) of the materials was assessed. Statistical Analysis Used ANOVA/Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed (α =0.05). Results All materials showed a volumetric decrease after immersion in BA or PBS at the extremities in contact with the solutions. MTAHP/BA showed the highest volumetric loss. There was no difference in the volumetric change when the internal part of the materials was evaluated. Conclusions An acid pH negatively affects the volumetric stability of MTAHP. Low values of volumetric change were demonstrated for NP in both immersion environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna da Cunha Mendonça
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Airton Oliveira Santos-Junior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jáder Camilo Pinto
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Presidente Antonio Carlos, Barbacena, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves, São João del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Inada RNH, Silva ECA, Lopes CS, Queiroz MB, Torres FFE, da Silva GF, Cerri PS, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Biocompatibility, bioactivity, porosity, and sealer/dentin interface of bioceramic ready-to-use sealers using a dentin-tube model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16768. [PMID: 39039132 PMCID: PMC11263578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the biocompatibility, bioactivity, porosity, and sealer/dentin interface of Sealer Plus BC (SP), Bio-C Sealer (BIOC), TotalFill BC Sealer (TF), and AH Plus (AHP). Dentin tubes filled with the sealers and empty tubes (control group) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats for different periods (n = 6 per group/period). Number of inflammatory cells (ICs), capsule thickness, von Kossa reaction, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and osteocalcin (OCN) were evaluated. Porosity and voids in the interface dentin/sealers were assessed by micro-computed tomography. The data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). Greater capsule thickness, ICs and IL-6 immunolabeling cells were observed in AHP. No significant difference in thickness of capsule, ICs, and IL-6- immunolabeling cells was detected between SP and TF, in all periods, and after 30 and 60 days between all groups. At 60 days all groups had reduction in capsule thickness, ICs and IL-6 immunolabeling cells. Von Kossa-positive and birefringent structures were observed in the capsules around the sealers. BIOC, SP, and TF exhibited OCN-immunolabeling cells. All sealers had porosity values below 5%, besides low and similar interface voids. BIOC, SP and TF are biocompatible, bioactive, and have low porosity and voids. The dentin-tube model used is an alternative for evaluating bioceramic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil
| | - Evelin Carine Alves Silva
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil
| | - Camila Soares Lopes
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil
| | - Marcela Borsatto Queiroz
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Tanomaru-Filho
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, 14801‑903, Brazil.
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Sunanda YL, Parvathaneni KP, Raju TBVG, Seshadri A, Dondapati GD. Effect of blood and artificial saliva contamination on marginal adaptation and sealing ability of different retrograde filling materials: A comparative analysis. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:743-749. [PMID: 39262585 PMCID: PMC11385918 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_212_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of blood and artificial salivary contamination of different root-end filling materials on microleakage using a confocal laser scanning microscope and on marginal adaptation using a scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods Eighty noncarious single-rooted teeth with mature apices were taken. After retro-cavity preparation, they were randomly assigned into two major groups (n = 40). They were contaminated with blood and artificial saliva, respectively. Each major group was divided randomly into four subgroups (n = 10) and filled as follows: Subgroup A, Biodentine; Subgroup B, bioactive bone cement; Subgroup C, Cention N; and Subgroup D, Bio-C Repair. The samples were sectioned transversely at 1 and 2 mm from the root apex and checked under a confocal laser scanning microscope for microleakage and under an scanning electron microscope for marginal adaptation. The average mean values were calculated. Independent samples t-tests, paired t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc tests were done to analyze the data. Results All the tested materials showed marginal gaps and dye leakage. The Bio-C Repair group showed the least mean marginal gap and dye leakage values, followed by bioactive bone cement, Biodentine, and Cention N, respectively, in both blood and artificial saliva contamination. However, the mean marginal gaps and dye leakage between the major groups were statistically insignificant. Conclusion In an overall comparison, Bio-C Repair was found to be superior in terms of marginal adaptation and sealing ability under the test conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantrapragada Lakshmi Sunanda
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Prasad Parvathaneni
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T B V G Raju
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Abitha Seshadri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Gowtam Dev Dondapati
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Ferreira CMA, de Lima CO, Pinto KP, Barbosa AFA, de Souza JB, De-Deus G, Sassone LM, Silva EJNL. Volumetric changes in root canal sealers in ex vivo and a novel animal model approach. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1108-1117. [PMID: 37254682 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the volumetric change of root canal sealers through micro-computed tomographic analysis using a novel in vivo model and to compare the results with those obtained using an ex vivo test. METHODOLOGY Eighteen single-rooted teeth were cut to 5 mm length from the root apex. The root canals were uniformly enlarged and filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer or AH Plus Jet root canal sealers. Samples were stored at 37°C and 95% relative humidity for 24 h and then scanned with a micro-CT device. Twelve samples (n = 6 for each sealer) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats, while six samples (n = 3 for each sealer) were immersed in 20 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C at neutral pH. After 7 and 30 days, teeth were removed from subcutaneous tissue or PBS and rescanned. Statistical analysis of volume changes was performed using Shapiro-Wilk's test and independent t-test (p < .05). RESULTS AH Plus Jet had smaller volume changes (-2.2 to +0.77%) than EndoSequence BC Sealer (-2.0 to +4.0%) (p < .05), in the two tested models. The volume of the root canal sealers decreased over time (p < .05), in vivo. AH Plus Jet results varied between the in vivo and ex vivo results (p < .05), while EndoSequence BC Sealer presented similar volume losses for both experimental models (p > .05). CONCLUSION EndoSequence BC Sealer lost more volume than AH Plus Jet. The experimental conditions influenced the volumetric change of AH Plus Jet but not the EndoSequence BC Sealer. The ex vivo model should be further explored as a methodological alternative to assess the volumetric changes of root canal sealers without causing harm to animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Lima
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karem Paula Pinto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jenif Braga de Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Inada RNH, Queiroz MB, Lopes CS, Silva ECA, Torres FFE, da Silva GF, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Cerri PS, Tanomaru-Filho M. Biocompatibility, bioactive potential, porosity, and interface analysis calcium silicate repair cements in a dentin tube model. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05002-5. [PMID: 37014506 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is to evaluate biocompatibility, bioactive potential, porosity, and dentin/material interface of Bio-C Repair (BIOC-R), MTA Repair HP (MTAHP), and Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin tubes were implanted into subcutaneous of rats for 7, 15, 30, and 60 days. Thickness of capsules, number of inflammatory cells (ICs), interleukin-6 (IL-6), osteocalcin (OCN), and von Kossa were evaluated. Porosity and material/dentin interface voids were also analyzed. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS IRM capsules were thicker and contained greater ICs and IL-6-immunopositive cells at 7 and 15 days. BIOC-R capsules exhibited higher thickness and ICs at 7 days and greater IL-6 at 7 and 15 days than MTAHP (p < 0.05). At 30 and 60 days, no significant difference was observed among the groups. OCN-immunopositive cells, von Kossa-positive, and birefringent structures were observed in BIOC-R and MTAHP. MTAHP exhibited higher porosity and interface voids (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS BIOC-R, MTAHP, and IRM are biocompatible. Bioceramics materials demonstrate bioactive potential. MTAHP presented the highest porosity and presence of voids. CLINICAL RELEVANCE BIOC-R and MTAHP have adequate biological properties. BIOC-R demonstrated lower porosity and presence of voids, which may represent better sealing for its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nanami Handa Inada
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Marcela Borsatto Queiroz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Camila Soares Lopes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Evelin Carine Alves Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração (UNISAGRADO), Rua Irmã Armida, 10-50, Bauru, SP, CEP 17011-160, Brazil
| | - Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Department of Morphology and Children Clinic, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Mário Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14801-903, Brazil.
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Eskandari F, Razavian A, Hamidi R, Yousefi K, Borzou S. An Updated Review on Properties and Indications of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in Endodontic Therapy. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:6858088. [PMID: 36349079 PMCID: PMC9637478 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6858088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regarding the common use of calcium silicate cements (CSCs) in root canal therapy, their position in the context of past and present dentistry agents can provide a better understanding of these materials for their further improvement. In this context, the present review article addresses a wide range of recent investigations in the field of CSC-based products and describes details of their composition, properties, and clinical applications. The need for maintaining or reconstructing tooth structure has increased in contemporary endodontic treatment approaches. This research thus discusses the attempts to create comprehensive data collection regarding calcium ion release, bond strength, alkalinizing activity and bioactivity, and the ability to stimulate the formation of hydroxyapatite as a bioactive feature of CSCs. Sealing ability is also highlighted as a predictor for apical and coronal microleakage which is crucial for the long-term prognosis of root canal treatment integrity. Other claimed properties such as radiopacity, porosity, and solubility are also investigated. Extended setting time is also mentioned as a well-known drawback of CSCs. Then, clinical applications of CSCs in vital pulp therapies such as pulpotomy, apexification, and direct pulp capping are reviewed. CSCs have shown their benefits in root perforation treatments and also as root canal sealers and end-filling materials. Nowadays, conventional endodontic treatments are replaced by regenerative therapies to save more dynamic and reliable hard and soft tissues. CSCs play a crucial role in this modern approach. This review article is an attempt to summarize the latest studies on the clinical properties of CSCs to shed light on the future generation of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Eskandari
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Razavian
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rozhina Hamidi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khadije Yousefi
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research Center, Shiraz Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Susan Borzou
- University of Pennsylvania, College of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Celikten B, Oncu A, Koohnavard M, Ocak M, Orhan K. Micro-CT comparative evaluation of porosity and dentin adaptation of root end filling materials applied with incremental, bulk, and ultrasonic activation techniques. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:1209-1215. [PMID: 35762350 DOI: 10.1177/09544119221102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different application methods on the adaptation to dentin and porosity properties of calcium silicate based materials. This study included 72 maxillary canine teeth that had been extracted for various reasons. Following the root canal treatment, root, end resections were performed on the specimens. After the apicectomy, 3 mm deep cavities were created. All materials were mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Retrograde cavities were filled with RetroMTA [Group 1a-1c], Biodentine [Group 2a-2c] and BioAggregate [Group 3a-3c]. Placement techniques were applied for each material by using incremental, bulk technique and ultrasonic activation, respectively. The samples were scanned with the SkyScan 1272 μCT system. Porosity values were higher in bulk fill and incremental placement techniques than ultrasonic technique when using MTA and BioAggregate (p < 0.05), but Biodentine showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) on using different placement techniques. The ultrasonic activation technique is beneficial to improve the condensation quality of MTA and BioAggregate. Biodentine showed better results regardless of different application techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkan Celikten
- Department of Endodontics, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Oncu
- Department of Endodontics, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehrdad Koohnavard
- Department of Endodontics, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Ocak
- Department of Anatomy, Ankara University, Vocational school of Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Torres FFE, Jacobs R, EzEldeen M, de Faria-Vasconcelos K, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Dos Santos BC, Tanomaru-Filho M. How do imaging protocols affect the assessment of root-end fillings? Restor Dent Endod 2022; 47:e2. [PMID: 35284328 PMCID: PMC8891473 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2022.47.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the impact of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)-based voxel size on the analysis of material/dentin interface voids and thickness of different endodontic cements. Materials and Methods Following root-end resection and apical preparation, maxillary premolars were filled with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and intermediate restorative material (IRM) (n = 24). The samples were scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272; Bruker) and the cement/dentin interface and thickness of materials were evaluated at voxel sizes of 5, 10, and 20 µm. Analysis of variance and the Tukey test were conducted, and the degree of agreement between different voxel sizes was evaluated using the Bland and Altman method (p < 0.05). Results All materials showed an increase in thickness from 5 to 10 and 20 µm (p < 0.05). When evaluating the interface voids, materials were similar at 5 µm (p > 0.05), while at 10 and 20 µm Biodentine showed the lowest percentage of voids (p < 0.05). A decrease in the interface voids was observed for MTA and IRM at 20 µm, while Biodentine showed differences among all voxel sizes (p < 0.05). The Bland-Altman plots for comparisons among voxel sizes showed the largest deviations when comparing images between 5 and 20 µm. Conclusions Voxel size had an impact on the micro-CT evaluation of thickness and interface voids of endodontic materials. All cements exhibited an increase in thickness and a decrease in the void percentage as the voxel size increased, especially when evaluating images at 20 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karla de Faria-Vasconcelos
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Mário Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Chung SY, Kim YH, Chae YK, Jo SS, Choi SC, Nam OH. Void characteristics and tortuosity of calcium silicate-based cements for regenerative endodontics: a micro-computed tomography analysis. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:565. [PMID: 34749714 PMCID: PMC8573873 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internal voids of materials can serve a hub for microorganism and affect the sealing ability. This study aimed to evaluate the sealing performance of calcium silicate-based cements in immature teeth treated with regenerative endodontics. Methods Twenty single root canals from immature permanent premolars were prepared using regenerative endodontic protocols. The root canals were randomly divided into two groups and sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine (BD). The teeth were kept in humid environment for 7 days and scanned using micro-computed tomography. The voids within the cements were segmented and visualized using image processing, incorporating the modified Otsu algorithm. The porosity of each sample was also calculated as the ratio between the number of voxels of voids and the volume of the cements. Tortuosity was also calculated using the A-star algorithm. Results Voids larger than 70 μm were predominantly observed in the top and interfacial surface of cements. The others were evenly distributed. MTA and BD showed the same level of porosity and tortuosity at interfacial surfaces. In inner surfaces, MTA showed more less porosity and tortuosity compared to BD (p < 0.05). Conclusions There were no differences in sealing performance between MTA and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yeop Chung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hyeong Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-Ro 26, Dongdaemoon-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Sung Jo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-Ro 26, Dongdaemoon-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-Ro 26, Dongdaemoon-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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de Sá MAB, Nunes E, Antunes ANDG, Brito Júnior M, Horta MCR, Amaral RR, Cohen S, Silveira FF. Push-out bond strength and marginal adaptation of apical plugs with bioactive endodontic cements in simulated immature teeth. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e53. [PMID: 34909417 PMCID: PMC8636078 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluates the bond strength and marginal adaptation of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Repair HP and Biodentine used as apical plugs; MTA was used as reference material for comparison. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 single-rooted teeth with standardized, artificially created open apices were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 per group), according to the material used to form 6-mm-thick apical plugs: group 1 (MTA Repair HP); group 2 (Biodentine); and group 3 (white MTA). Subsequently, the specimens were transversely sectioned to obtain 2 (cervical and apical) 2.5-mm-thick slices per root. Epoxy resin replicas were observed under a scanning electron microscope to measure the gap size at the material/dentin interface (the largest and smaller gaps were recorded for each replica). The bond strength of the investigated materials to dentin was determined using the push-out test. The variable bond strengths and gap sizes were evaluated independently at the apical and cervical root dentin slices. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics. RESULTS The comparison between the groups regarding the variables' bond strengths and gap sizes showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05) except for a single difference in the smallest gap at the cervical root dentin slice, which was higher in group 3 than in group 1 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The bond strength and marginal adaptation to root canal walls of MTA HP and Biodentine cement were comparable to white MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Nunes
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Rodrigues Amaral
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stephen Cohen
- Department of Endodontics, Arthur School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Frank Ferreira Silveira
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Torres FFE, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Pinto JC, Tanomaru-Filho M. Effect of Different Dimensions of Test Samples on the Volumetric Change Assessment Of Endodontic Materials. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:42-47. [PMID: 33914001 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
New methodologies using micro-CT to evaluate solubility besides dimensional and morphological changes of endodontic materials are proposed. However, there is no standardization in the methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different dimensions of test samples on volumetric change evaluation of different endodontic materials. AH Plus, FillCanal and Sealapex root canal sealers, Biodentine, IRM and MTA root-end filling cements were used in the tests. Samples of each material with a thickness of 1.5 mm and different diameters were manufactured: 6.3, 7.75, and 9.0 mm. The samples were scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after setting and after 7 days of immersion in distilled water. The volumetric change was evaluated by means of the difference in the total volume of the specimens before and after immersion. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). The size of the samples did not affect the percentage of volumetric change of the materials (p>0.05). All sample sizes had greater volume loss for Sealapex among the sealers and Biodentine for the cements (p<0.05). In conclusion, Biodentine and Sealapex had the highest volume loss after immersion. Samples with 1.5 mm thickness, and diameters ranging between 6.3 and 9.0 mm can be used to assess the stability of endodontic materials using micro-CT without affecting the percentage of volumetric change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Torres FFE, Pinto JC, Figueira GO, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. A micro-computed tomographic study using a novel test model to assess the filling ability and volumetric changes of bioceramic root repair materials. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e2. [PMID: 33680891 PMCID: PMC7906850 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives New premixed bioceramic root repair materials require moisture for setting. Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), this study evaluated the filling ability and volumetric changes of calcium silicate-based repair materials (mineral trioxide aggregate repair high-plasticity [MTA HP] and Bio-C Repair, Angelus), in comparison with a zinc oxide and eugenol-based material (intermediate restorative material [IRM]; Dentsply DeTrey). Materials and Methods Gypsum models with cavities 3 mm deep and 1 mm in diameter were manufactured and scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan 1272. Bruker). The cavities were filled with the cements and scanned again to evaluate their filling capacity. Another scan was performed after immersing the samples in distilled water for 7 days to assess the volumetric changes of the cements. The statistical significance of differences in the data was evaluated using analysis of variance and the Tukey test with a 5% significance level. Results Bio-C Repair had a greater filling ability than MTA HP (p < 0.05). IRM was similar to Bio-C and MTA HP (p > 0.05). MTA HP presented the largest volumetric change (p < 0.05), showing more volume loss than Bio-C and IRM, which were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions Bio-C Repair is a new endodontic material with excellent filling capacity and low volumetric change. The gypsum model proposed for evaluating filling ability and volumetric changes by micro-CT had appropriate and reproducible results. This model may enhance the physicochemical evaluation of premixed bioceramic materials, which need moisture for setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Oliveira Figueira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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