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Bobde S, Sohn WY, Bekkat-Berkani R, Banzhoff A, Cavounidis A, Dinleyici EC, Rodriguez WC, Ninis N. The Diverse Spectrum of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: Narrative Review of Cases and Case Series. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:251-271. [PMID: 38285269 PMCID: PMC10904702 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis infection. We reviewed case reports of IMD from newborns, infants, children, and adolescents, and described the real-life clinical presentations, diagnoses, treatment paradigms, and clinical outcomes. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched for IMD case reports on patients aged ≤ 19 years published from January 2011 to March 2023 (search terms "Neisseria meningitidis" or "invasive meningococcal disease", and "infant", "children", "paediatric", pediatric", or "adolescent"). RESULTS We identified 97 publications reporting 184 cases of IMD, including 25 cases with a fatal outcome. Most cases were in adolescents aged 13-19 years (34.2%), followed by children aged 1-5 years (27.6%), children aged 6-12 years (17.1%), infants aged 1-12 months (17.1%), and neonates (3.9%). The most common disease-causing serogroups were W (40.2%), B (31.7%), and C (10.4%). Serogroup W was the most common serogroup in adolescents (17.2%), and serogroup B was the most common in the other age groups, including children aged 1-5 years (11.5%). The most common clinical presentations were meningitis (46.6%) and sepsis (36.8%). CONCLUSIONS IMD continues to pose a threat to the health of children and adolescents. While this review was limited to case reports and is not reflective of global epidemiology, adolescents represented the largest group with IMD. Additionally, nearly half of the patients who died were adolescents, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and vaccination in this age group. Different infecting serogroups were predominant in different age groups, highlighting the usefulness of multivalent vaccines to provide the broadest possible protection against IMD. Overall, this review provides useful insights into real-life clinical presentations, treatment paradigms, diagnoses, and clinical outcomes to help clinicians diagnose, treat, and, ultimately, protect patients from this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Woo-Yun Sohn
- GSK, 14200 Shady Grove Rd, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ener Cagri Dinleyici
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Wilfrido Coronell Rodriguez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
- Serena del Mar Hospital, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Nelly Ninis
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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2
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Szymańska H, Dzika E, Zabolewicz TJ, Życzko K. The Relationship between Complement Components C1R and C5 Gene Polymorphism and the Values of Blood Indices in Suckling Piglets. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2015. [PMID: 38002958 PMCID: PMC10671359 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The main mechanism of innate immunity is the complement system. Its components include the protein products of the C1R and C5 genes, which are involved in the classical activation pathway as well as the inflammatory and cytolytic immune responses, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in C1R (726T > C) and C5 (1044A > C) genes, and the values of hematological and biochemical blood indices in suckling crossbred (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace × Duroc × Pietrain) piglets (n = 473), considering their age (younger, 21 ± 3 days, n = 274; older, 35 ± 3 days, n = 199) and health status. The frequencies of the C5 genotypes deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Younger piglets, healthy piglets, piglets that deviated from physiological norms and older piglets with the C1R TT genotype all had lower white and red blood cell indices. In piglets with the C5 CC genotype, younger piglets, piglets that deviated from physiological norms and older piglets, a greater number and/or percentage of monocytes were recorded in the blood. Older piglets also showed an increase in the number of leukocytes and granulocytes, along with a tendency for a decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes in their blood. We concluded that a polymorphism in the C1R gene may exhibit a functional association or genetic linkage with other genes involved in the process of erythropoiesis. Furthermore the relationship between the C5 gene polymorphism and the number and/or percentage of monocytes in the blood may modify the body's defense abilities. Piglets with the CC genotype, having an increased number/proportion of these cells in their blood, probably display a weakened immune response to pathogens or a chronic stimulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Szymańska
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Żołnierska 14C, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Dzika
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Żołnierska 14C, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Jarosław Zabolewicz
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krystyna Życzko
- Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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3
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Raballah E, Wilding K, Anyona SB, Munde EO, Hurwitz I, Onyango CO, Ayieko C, Lambert CG, Schneider KA, Seidenberg PD, Ouma C, McMahon BH, Cheng Q, Perkins DJ. Nonsynonymous amino acid changes in the α-chain of complement component 5 influence longitudinal susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum infections and severe malarial anemia in kenyan children. Front Genet 2022; 13:977810. [PMID: 36186473 PMCID: PMC9515573 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.977810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe malarial anemia (SMA; Hb < 5.0 g/dl) is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum transmission regions such as western Kenya. Methods: We investigated the relationship between two novel complement component 5 (C5) missense mutations [rs17216529:C>T, p(Val145Ile) and rs17610:C>T, p(Ser1310Asn)] and longitudinal outcomes of malaria in a cohort of Kenyan children (under 60 mos, n = 1,546). Molecular modeling was used to investigate the impact of the amino acid transitions on the C5 protein structure. Results: Prediction of the wild-type and mutant C5 protein structures did not reveal major changes to the overall structure. However, based on the position of the variants, subtle differences could impact on the stability of C5b. The influence of the C5 genotypes/haplotypes on the number of malaria and SMA episodes over 36 months was determined by Poisson regression modeling. Genotypic analyses revealed that inheritance of the homozygous mutant (TT) for rs17216529:C>T enhanced the risk for both malaria (incidence rate ratio, IRR = 1.144, 95%CI: 1.059–1.236, p = 0.001) and SMA (IRR = 1.627, 95%CI: 1.201–2.204, p = 0.002). In the haplotypic model, carriers of TC had increased risk of malaria (IRR = 1.068, 95%CI: 1.017–1.122, p = 0.009), while carriers of both wild-type alleles (CC) were protected against SMA (IRR = 0.679, 95%CI: 0.542–0.850, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Collectively, these findings show that the selected C5 missense mutations influence the longitudinal risk of malaria and SMA in immune-naïve children exposed to holoendemic P. falciparum transmission through a mechanism that remains to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans Raballah
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
- *Correspondence: Evans Raballah,
| | - Kristen Wilding
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Samuel B. Anyona
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Elly O. Munde
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kirinyaga University, Kerugoya, Kenya
| | - Ivy Hurwitz
- University of New Mexico, Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Clinton O. Onyango
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Cyrus Ayieko
- Department of Zoology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Christophe G. Lambert
- University of New Mexico, Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kristan A. Schneider
- Department of Applied Computer and Biosciences, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Philip D. Seidenberg
- University of New Mexico, Department of Emergency Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Collins Ouma
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Benjamin H. McMahon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Qiuying Cheng
- University of New Mexico, Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Douglas J. Perkins
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu, Kenya
- University of New Mexico, Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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4
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Dezfouli M, Bergström S, Skattum L, Abolhassani H, Neiman M, Torabi-Rahvar M, Franco Jarava C, Martin-Nalda A, Ferrer Balaguer JM, Slade CA, Roos A, Fernandez Pereira LM, López-Trascasa M, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Allende-Martinez LM, Mizuno Y, Yoshida Y, Friman V, Lundgren Å, Aghamohammadi A, Rezaei N, Hernández-Gonzalez M, von Döbeln U, Truedsson L, Hara T, Nonoyama S, Schwenk JM, Nilsson P, Hammarström L. Newborn Screening for Presymptomatic Diagnosis of Complement and Phagocyte Deficiencies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:455. [PMID: 32256498 PMCID: PMC7090021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcomes of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are greatly improved by accurate diagnosis early in life. However, it is not common to consider PIDs before the manifestation of severe clinical symptoms. Including PIDs in the nation-wide newborn screening programs will potentially improve survival and provide better disease management and preventive care in PID patients. This calls for the detection of disease biomarkers in blood and the use of dried blood spot samples, which is a part of routine newborn screening programs worldwide. Here, we developed a newborn screening method based on multiplex protein profiling for parallel diagnosis of 22 innate immunodeficiencies affecting the complement system and respiratory burst function in phagocytosis. The proposed method uses a small fraction of eluted blood from dried blood spots and is applicable for population-scale performance. The diagnosis method is validated through a retrospective screening of immunodeficient patient samples. This diagnostic approach can pave the way for an earlier, more comprehensive and accurate diagnosis of complement and phagocytic disorders, which ultimately lead to a healthy and active life for the PID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Dezfouli
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology & SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Bergström
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology & SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Skattum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maja Neiman
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology & SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monireh Torabi-Rahvar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Clara Franco Jarava
- Immunology Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Martin-Nalda
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juana M Ferrer Balaguer
- Immunology, Hospital Universitari Son Espases/Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Charlotte A Slade
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anja Roos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | | | - Margarita López-Trascasa
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Complement Research Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis I Gonzalez-Granado
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 Octubre (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Allende-Martinez
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 Octubre (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yumi Mizuno
- Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Vanda Friman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Lundgren
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Central Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manuel Hernández-Gonzalez
- Immunology Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrika von Döbeln
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Truedsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Toshiro Hara
- Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Nonoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology & SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology & SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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El Sissy C, Rosain J, Vieira-Martins P, Bordereau P, Gruber A, Devriese M, de Pontual L, Taha MK, Fieschi C, Picard C, Frémeaux-Bacchi V. Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of a Large Cohort With Total and Sub-total Complement Deficiencies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1936. [PMID: 31440263 PMCID: PMC6694794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is crucial for defense against pathogens and the removal of dying cells or immune complexes. Thus, clinical indications for possible complete complement deficiencies include, among others, recurrent mild or serious bacterial infections as well as autoimmune diseases (AID). The diagnostic approach includes functional activity measurements of the classical (CH50) and alternative pathway (AP50) and the determination of the C3 and C4 levels, followed by the quantitative analysis of individual components or regulators. When biochemical analysis reveals the causal abnormality of the complement deficiency (CD), molecular mechanisms remains frequently undetermined. Here, using direct sequencing analysis of the coding region we report the pathogenic variants spectrum that underlie the total or subtotal complement deficiency in 212 patients. We identified 107 different hemizygous, homozygous, or compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in 14 complement genes [C1Qβ (n = 1), C1r (n = 3), C1s (n = 2), C2 (n = 12), C3 (n = 5), C5 (n = 12), C6 (n = 9), C7 (n = 17), C8 β (n = 7), C9 (n = 3), CFH (n = 7), CFI (n = 18), CFP (n = 10), CFD (n = 2)]. Molecular analysis identified 17 recurrent pathogenic variants in 6 genes (C2, CFH, C5, C6, C7, and C8). More than half of the pathogenic variants identified in unrelated patients were also found in healthy controls from the same geographic area. Our study confirms the strong association of meningococcal infections with terminal pathway deficiency and highlights the risk of pneumococcal and auto-immune diseases in the classical and alternative pathways. Results from this large genetic investigation provide evidence of a restricted number of molecular mechanisms leading to complement deficiency and describe the clinical potential adverse events of anti-complement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine El Sissy
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Paula Vieira-Martins
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Bordereau
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Aurélia Gruber
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Magali Devriese
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Loïc de Pontual
- Pediatrics Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 13 University, Bondy, France
| | - Muhamed-Kheir Taha
- Invasive Bacterial Infection and National Reference Center for Meningococci, Pasteur Institut, Paris, France
| | - Claire Fieschi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Inserm U1126, Centre Hayem, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Paris University, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker-Enfants maladies Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Frémeaux-Bacchi
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Complement and Diseases Team, Paris, France
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6
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Marujo F, Costa LC, Duarte R, Brito MJ, Cordeiro A, Neves C, Neves JF. Invasive Meningococcal Disease Unraveling a Novel Mutation in the C5 Gene in a Portuguese Family. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019; 38:416-418. [PMID: 30882736 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although bacterial meningitis is a rare presentation of a congenital immunodeficiency, invasive meningococcal disease is classically associated with complement deficiencies. We report a patient from a consanguineous kindred presenting with an invasive meningococcal disease caused by serogroup B meningococcus that revealed an underlying C5 deficiency caused by a novel mutation in the C5 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Marujo
- From the Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
| | - Luís Carlos Costa
- From the Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
| | - Regina Duarte
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
| | | | - Ana Cordeiro
- From the Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
| | - Conceição Neves
- From the Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
| | - João Farela Neves
- From the Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia- CHLC, EPE
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
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7
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Marin AV, Cárdenas PP, Jiménez-Reinoso A, Muñoz-Ruiz M, Regueiro JR. Lymphocyte integration of complement cues. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 85:132-142. [PMID: 29438807 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We address current data, views and puzzles on the emerging topic of regulation of lymphocytes by complement proteins or fragments. Such regulation is believed to take place through complement receptors (CR) and membrane complement regulators (CReg) involved in cell function or protection, respectively, including intracellular signalling. Original observations in B cells clearly support that complement cues through CR improve their performance. Other lymphocytes likely integrate complement-derived signals, as most lymphoid cells constitutively express or regulate CR and CReg upon activation. CR-induced signals, particularly by anaphylatoxins, clearly regulate lymphoid cell function. In contrast, data obtained by CReg crosslinking using antibodies are not always confirmed in human congenital deficiencies or knock-out mice, casting doubts on their physiological relevance. Unsurprisingly, human and mouse complement systems are not completely homologous, adding further complexity to our still fragmentary understanding of complement-lymphocyte interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V Marin
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula P Cárdenas
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anaïs Jiménez-Reinoso
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Muñoz-Ruiz
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose R Regueiro
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Franco-Jarava C, Comas D, Orren A, Hernández-González M, Colobran R. Complement factor 5 (C5) p.A252T mutation is prevalent in, but not restricted to, sub-Saharan Africa: implications for the susceptibility to meningococcal disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 189:226-231. [PMID: 28369827 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement C5 deficiency (C5D) is a rare primary immunodeficiency associated with recurrent infections, particularly meningitis, by Neisseria species. To date, studies to elucidate the molecular basis of hereditary C5D have included fewer than 40 families, and most C5 mutations (13 of 17) have been found in single families. However, the recently described C5 p.A252T mutation is reported to be associated with approximately 7% of meningococcal disease cases in South Africa. This finding raises the question of whether the mutation may be prevalent in other parts of Africa or other continental regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of C5 p.A252T in Africa and other regions and discuss the implications for prophylaxis against meningococcal disease. In total, 2710 samples from healthy donors within various populations worldwide were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to detect the C5 p.A252T mutation. Eleven samples were found to be heterozygous for p.A252T, and nine of these samples were from sub-Saharan African populations (allele frequency 0·94%). Interestingly, two other heterozygous samples were from individuals in populations outside Africa (Israel and Pakistan). These findings, together with data from genomic variation databases, indicate a 0·5-2% prevalence of the C5 p.A252T mutation in heterozygosity in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this mutation may have a relevant role in meningococcal disease susceptibility in this geographical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Franco-Jarava
- Immunology Division, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Comas
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Orren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Allergy Diagnostic and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Lung Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Hernández-González
- Immunology Division, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Colobran
- Immunology Division, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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