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Mertz P, Hentgen V, Boursier G, Elhani I, Calas L, Delon J, Georgin-Lavialle S. [Autoinflammatory diseases associated with IL-18]. Rev Med Interne 2024:S0248-8663(24)00736-7. [PMID: 39155178 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2024.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are conditions characterized by dysfunction of innate immunity, causing systemic inflammation and various clinical symptoms. The field of AIDs has expanded due to improved comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms and advancements in genomics techniques. A new emerging category of AIDs is characterized by a significant increase in interleukin 18 (IL-18), a pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesized in macrophages and activated by caspase 1 via various inflammasomes. IL-18 plays a role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. IL-18 is involved in various functions, such as the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of immune cells, tissue infiltration of immune cells, polarization of immune responses, and production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review analyzes the literature on IL-18 regarding its functions and its implications in the diagnosis and treatment of AIDs. IL-18-associated AIDs comprise Still's disease and diseases associated with mutations in NLRC4, XIAP, CDC42, and PSTPIP1, as well as IL-18BP deficiencies. With the exception of PSTPIP1-associated diseases, these conditions all carry a risk of macrophagic activation syndrome. Measuring IL-18 levels in serum can aid in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of these diseases. Therapies targeting IL-18 and its signaling pathways are currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Mertz
- Sorbonne université, hôpital Tenon, DMU3ID, APHP, ERN RITA, Paris, France; Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France; Centre hospitalier de Versailles, 78150 le Chesnay, France; Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Hentgen
- Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France; Centre hospitalier de Versailles, 78150 le Chesnay, France
| | - Guilaine Boursier
- Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France; Service de génétique moléculaire et cytogénomique, laboratoire de référence des maladies rares et auto-inflammatoires, IRMB, Inserm, CHU de Montpellier, université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ines Elhani
- Sorbonne université, hôpital Tenon, DMU3ID, APHP, ERN RITA, Paris, France; Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
| | - Laure Calas
- Laboratoire de biochimie et hormonologie, hôpital Tenon, APHP, Sorbonne université, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; Inserm, UMRS 1155 UPMC, hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne université, Paris, France
| | - Jerome Delon
- Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- Sorbonne université, hôpital Tenon, DMU3ID, APHP, ERN RITA, Paris, France; Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France.
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2
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Caragli V, Genovese E, Parretta S, Pellegrino M, Ciorba A. Auditory and Language Abilities in Children with Takenouchi-Kosaki Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:974. [PMID: 39202334 PMCID: PMC11353408 DOI: 10.3390/genes15080974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome (TKS) is a rare congenital disease caused by a de novo mutation in the Cell Division Cycle 42 (CDC42) gene. Patients with TKS present facial and body dysmorphisms, hematologic and immune dysregulation, intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental delay and hearing loss. The aim of this study is to review the literature, focusing on hearing and language abilities in children with TKS. A systematic search on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed, including twelve studies for a total of 13 patients. Hearing loss (HL) occurs in a great percentage of patients (84.6%); nonetheless, auditory threshold, severity of HL and language abilities were reported in a few cases. In two studies, auditory rehabilitation strategies were described. Although several studies have investigated the hematological features of TKS, still only a few authors have focused on the audiological and language abilities of these children. Given the fact that HL has a significant impact on behaviors, communications skills, and quality of life, it is important to adequately assess and rehabilitate patients early with this syndrome. Further studies are needed to improve the knowledge about this topic and improve the quality of life of patients with TKS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caragli
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Genovese
- Audiology Program, Department of Maternal, Child and Adult Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Parretta
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciorba
- ENT & Audiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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3
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Thanasegaran S, Daimon E, Shibukawa Y, Yamazaki N, Okamoto N. Modelling Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome using disease-specific iPSCs. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103221. [PMID: 37918315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Takenouchi-Kosaki Syndrome (TKS) is a congenital multi-organ disorder caused by the de novo missense mutation c.191A > G p. Tyr64Cys (Y64C) in the CDC42 gene. We previously elucidated the functional abnormalities and thrombopoietic effects of Y64C using HEK293 and MEG01 cells. In the present study, we used iPSCs derived from TKS patients to model the disease and successfully recapitulated macrothrombocytopenia, a prominent TKS phenotype. The megakaryopoietic differentiation potential of TKS-iPSCs and platelet production capacity were examined using an efficient platelet production method redesigned from existing protocols. The results obtained showed that TKS-iPSCs produced fewer hematopoietic progenitor cells, exhibited defective megakaryopoiesis, and released platelets with an abnormally low count and giant morphology. We herein report the first analysis of TKS-iPSC-derived megakaryocytes and platelets, and currently utilize this model to perform drug evaluations for TKS. Therefore, our simple yet effective differentiation method, which mimics the disease in a dish, is a feasible strategy for studying hematopoiesis and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganya Thanasegaran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Etsuko Daimon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Yukinao Shibukawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Natsuko Yamazaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan.
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4
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Mertz P, Hentgen V, Boursier G, Delon J, Georgin-Lavialle S. [Monogenic auto-inflammatory diseases associated with actinopathies: A review of the literature]. Rev Med Interne 2023; 44:585-593. [PMID: 37596178 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Auto-inflammatory diseases (AIDs) are diseases resulting from an inappropriate activation of innate immunity in the absence of any infection. The field of monogenic AIDs is constantly expanding, with the discovery of new pathologies and pathophysiological mechanisms thanks to pangenomic sequencing. Actinopathies with auto-inflammatory manifestations are a new emerging group of AIDs, linked to defects in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. These diseases most often begin in the neonatal period and combine to varying degrees a more or less severe primary immune deficiency, cytopenias (especially thrombocytopenia), auto-inflammatory manifestations (especially cutaneous and digestive), atopic and auto-immune manifestations. The diagnosis is to be evoked essentially in front of a cutaneous-digestive auto-inflammation picture of early onset, associated with a primary immune deficiency and thrombocytopenia or a tendency to bleed. Some of these diseases have specificities, including a risk of macrophagic activation syndrome or a tendency to atopy or lymphoproliferation. We propose here a review of the literature on these new diseases, with a proposal for a practical approach according to the main associated biological abnormalities and some clinical particularities. However, the diagnosis remains genetic, and several differential diagnoses must be considered. The pathophysiology of these diseases is not yet fully elucidated, and studies are needed to better clarify the inherent mechanisms that can guide the choice of therapies. In most cases, the severity of the picture indicates allogeneic marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mertz
- Service de rhumatologie, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, centre national de référence RESO, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - V Hentgen
- Service de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires et de l'amylose (CEREMAIA), 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - G Boursier
- Service de génétique moléculaire et cytogénomique, laboratoire de référence des maladies rares et auto-inflammatoires, CEREMAIA, IRMB, Inserm, CHU de Montpellier, université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Delon
- Université Paris Cité, institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, 75014 Paris, France
| | - S Georgin-Lavialle
- Service de médecine interne, DHU32D, département hospitalo-universitaire Inflammation, immunopathologie, biothérapie, hôpital Tenon, université Paris, Sorbonne université, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; CHU de Tenon, centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires rares et de l'amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), 75020 Paris, France.
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5
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Nakamura T, Sakaguchi H, Mohri H, Ninoyu Y, Goto A, Yamaguchi T, Hishikawa Y, Matsuda M, Saito N, Ueyama T. Dispensable role of Rac1 and Rac3 after cochlear hair cell specification. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:843-854. [PMID: 37204479 PMCID: PMC10300165 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rac small GTPases play important roles during embryonic development of the inner ear; however, little is known regarding their function in cochlear hair cells (HCs) after specification. Here, we revealed the localization and activation of Racs in cochlear HCs using GFP-tagged Rac plasmids and transgenic mice expressing a Rac1-fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor. Furthermore, we employed Rac1-knockout (Rac1-KO, Atoh1-Cre;Rac1flox/flox) and Rac1 and Rac3 double KO (Rac1/Rac3-DKO, Atoh1-Cre;Rac1flox/flox;Rac3-/-) mice, under the control of the Atoh1 promoter. However, both Rac1-KO and Rac1/Rac3-DKO mice exhibited normal cochlear HC morphology at 13 weeks of age and normal hearing function at 24 weeks of age. No hearing vulnerability was observed in young adult (6-week-old) Rac1/Rac3-DKO mice even after intense noise exposure. Consistent with prior reports, the results from Atoh1-Cre;tdTomato mice confirmed that the Atoh1 promoter became functional only after embryonic day 14 when the sensory HC precursors exit the cell cycle. Taken together, these findings indicate that although Rac1 and Rac3 contribute to the early development of sensory epithelia in cochleae, as previously shown, they are dispensable for the maturation of cochlear HCs in the postmitotic state or for hearing maintenance following HC maturation. KEY MESSAGES: Mice with Rac1 and Rac3 deletion were generated after HC specification. Knockout mice exhibit normal cochlear hair cell morphology and hearing. Racs are dispensable for hair cells in the postmitotic state after specification. Racs are dispensable for hearing maintenance after HC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mohri
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ninoyu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Goto
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan
| | - Taro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- Department of Anatomy, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan
| | - Naoaki Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ueyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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6
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Szczawińska-Popłonyk A, Popłonyk N, Badura-Stronka M, Juengling J, Huhn K, Biskup S, Bancerz B, Walkowiak J. The clinical phenotype with gastrostomy and abdominal wall infection in a pediatric patient with Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome due to a heterozygous c.191A > G (p.Tyr64Cys) variant in CDC42: a case report. Front Genet 2023; 14:1108852. [PMID: 37347054 PMCID: PMC10280004 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1108852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The CDC42 (cell division cycle homolog 42) gene product, Cdc42 belongs to the Rho GTPase family which plays a pivotal role in the regulation of multiple cellular functions, including cell cycle progression, motility, migration, proliferation, transcription activation, and reactive oxygen species production. The Cdc42 molecule controls various tissue-specific functional pathways underpinning organogenesis as well as developmental integration of the hematopoietic and immune systems. Heterozygous c.191A>G (p.Tyr64Cys) pathogenic variants in CDC42 cause Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome characterized by a spectrum of phenotypic features comprising psychomotor developmental delay, sensorineural hearing loss, growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, cardiovascular and urinary tract malformations, camptodactyly, accompanied by thrombocytopenia and immunodeficiency of variable degree. Herein, we report a pediatric patient with the Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome due to a heterozygous p.Tyr64Cys variant in CDC42 manifesting as a congenital malformation complex accompanied by macrothrombocytopenia, poor specific antibody response, B and T cell immunodeficiency, and low serum immunoglobulin A level. We also suggst that feeding disorders, malnutrition, and a gastrointestinal infection could be a part of the phenotypic characteristics of Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome supporting the hypothesis of immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation occurring in the p.Tyr64Cys variant in CDC42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szczawińska-Popłonyk
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Jonscher University Hospital, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Popłonyk
- Student Scientific Society, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Badura-Stronka
- Centers for Medical Genetics Genesis, Poznań, Poland
- Chair and Department of Medical Genetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Kerstin Huhn
- Zentrum Fur Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Zentrum Fur Humangenetik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bartłomiej Bancerz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Jonscher University Hospital, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Jonscher University Hospital, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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7
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Szczawińska-Popłonyk A, Schwartzmann E, Chmara Z, Głukowska A, Krysa T, Majchrzycki M, Olejnicki M, Ostrowska P, Babik J. Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Genetics in the Context of Multidisciplinary Clinical Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098317. [PMID: 37176024 PMCID: PMC10179617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a multisystemic disorder characterized by a marked variability of phenotypic features, making the diagnosis challenging for clinicians. The wide spectrum of clinical manifestations includes congenital heart defects-most frequently conotruncal cardiac anomalies-thymic hypoplasia and predominating cellular immune deficiency, laryngeal developmental defects, midline anomalies with cleft palate and velar insufficiency, structural airway defects, facial dysmorphism, parathyroid and thyroid gland hormonal dysfunctions, speech delay, developmental delay, and neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. Significant progress has been made in understanding the complex molecular genetic etiology of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome underpinning the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. The deletion is caused by chromosomal rearrangements in meiosis and is mediated by non-allelic homologous recombination events between low copy repeats or segmental duplications in the 22q11.2 region. A range of genetic modifiers and environmental factors, as well as the impact of hemizygosity on the remaining allele, contribute to the intricate genotype-phenotype relationships. This comprehensive review has been aimed at highlighting the molecular genetic background of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in correlation with a clinical multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szczawińska-Popłonyk
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Eyal Schwartzmann
- Medical Student Scientific Society, English Division, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Chmara
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Antonina Głukowska
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Krysa
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maksymilian Majchrzycki
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maurycy Olejnicki
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paulina Ostrowska
- Medical Student Scientific Society, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Babik
- Gynecology and Obstetrics with Pregnancy Pathology Unit, Franciszek Raszeja Municipal Hospital, 60-834 Poznań, Poland
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8
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Howson LJ, Bryant VL. Insights into mucosal associated invariant T cell biology from human inborn errors of immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1107609. [PMID: 36618406 PMCID: PMC9813737 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1107609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J. Howson
- Immunology Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Lauren J. Howson,
| | - Vanessa L. Bryant
- Immunology Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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9
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Long T, Abbasi N, Hernandez JE, Li Y, Sayed IM, Ma S, Iemolo A, Yee BA, Yeo GW, Telese F, Ghosh P, Das S, Huang WJM. RNA binding protein DDX5 directs tuft cell specification and function to regulate microbial repertoire and disease susceptibility in the intestine. Gut 2022; 71:1790-1802. [PMID: 34853057 PMCID: PMC9156727 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tuft cells residing in the intestinal epithelium have diverse functions. In the small intestine, they provide protection against inflammation, combat against helminth and protist infections, and serve as entry portals for enteroviruses. In the colon, they had been implicated in tumourigenesis. Commitment of intestinal progenitor cells to the tuft cell lineage requires Rho GTPase Cell Division Cycle 42 (CDC42), a Rho GTPase that acts downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor and wingless-related integration site signalling cascades, and the master transcription factor POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). This study investigates how this pathway is regulated by the DEAD box containing RNA binding protein DDX5 in vivo. DESIGN We assessed the role of DDX5 in tuft cell specification and function in control and epithelial cell-specific Ddx5 knockout mice (DDX5ΔIEC) using transcriptomic approaches. RESULTS DDX5ΔIEC mice harboured a loss of intestinal tuft cell populations, modified microbial repertoire, and altered susceptibilities to ileal inflammation and colonic tumourigenesis. Mechanistically, DDX5 promotes CDC42 protein synthesis through a post-transcriptional mechanism to license tuft cell specification. Importantly, the DDX5-CDC42 axis is parallel but distinct from the known interleukin-13 circuit implicated in tuft cell hyperplasia, and both pathways augment Pou2f3 expression in secretory lineage progenitors. In mature tuft cells, DDX5 not only promotes integrin signalling and microbial responses, it also represses gene programmes involved in membrane transport and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION RNA binding protein DDX5 directs tuft cell specification and function to regulate microbial repertoire and disease susceptibility in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Long
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nazia Abbasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Juan E Hernandez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ibrahim M Sayed
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shengyun Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Attilio Iemolo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brian A Yee
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Francesca Telese
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wendy Jia Men Huang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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10
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Miyazawa H, Wada T. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with chronic excess of serum interleukin-18. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930141. [PMID: 35958573 PMCID: PMC9358977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Review: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that promotes various innate immune processes related to infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still’s disease exhibit chronic excess of serum IL-18, which is associated with a high incidence of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), although the mechanisms of IL-18 regulation in such diseases remain largely unknown. Similar elevation of serum IL-18 and susceptibility to MAS/hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) have been reported in monogenic diseases such as X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis deficiency (i.e., X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2) and NLRC4-associated autoinflammatory disease. Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology allow the identification of other genetic defects such as defects in CDC42, PSTPIP1, and WDR1 that result in high serum IL-18 levels and hyperinflammation. Among these diseases, chronic excess of serum IL-18 appears to be linked with severe hyperinflammation and/or predisposition to MAS/HLH. In this review, we focus on recent findings in inflammatory diseases associated with and probably attributable to chronic excess of serum IL-18 and describe the clinical and therapeutical relevance of understanding the pathology of this group of diseases.
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11
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Tangye SG, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Franco JL, Holland SM, Klein C, Morio T, Oksenhendler E, Picard C, Puel A, Puck J, Seppänen MRJ, Somech R, Su HC, Sullivan KE, Torgerson TR, Meyts I. Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2022 Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1473-1507. [PMID: 35748970 PMCID: PMC9244088 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 218.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. This report documents the key clinical and laboratory features of 55 novel monogenic gene defects, and 1 phenocopy due to autoantibodies, that have either been discovered since the previous update (published January 2020) or were characterized earlier but have since been confirmed or expanded in subsequent studies. While variants in additional genes associated with immune diseases have been reported in the literature, this update includes only those that the committee assessed that reached the necessary threshold to represent novel inborn errors of immunity. There are now a total of 485 inborn errors of immunity. These advances in discovering the genetic causes of human immune diseases continue to significantly further our understanding of molecular, cellular, and immunological mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, thereby simultaneously enhancing immunological knowledge and improving patient diagnosis and management. This report is designed to serve as a resource for immunologists and geneticists pursuing the molecular diagnosis of individuals with heritable immunological disorders and for the scientific dissection of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying monogenic and related human immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, d'Inflammation et d'Allergy LICIA Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center and Rare Diseases Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Nishitani-Isa M, Mukai K, Honda Y, Nihira H, Tanaka T, Shibata H, Kodama K, Hiejima E, Izawa K, Kawasaki Y, Osawa M, Katata Y, Onodera S, Watanabe T, Uchida T, Kure S, Takita J, Ohara O, Saito MK, Nishikomori R, Taguchi T, Sasahara Y, Yasumi T. Trapping of CDC42 C-terminal variants in the Golgi drives pyrin inflammasome hyperactivation. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213184. [PMID: 35482294 PMCID: PMC9059393 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the C-terminal region of the CDC42 gene cause severe neonatal-onset autoinflammation. Effectiveness of IL-1β–blocking therapy indicates that the pathology involves abnormal inflammasome activation; however, the mechanism underlying autoinflammation remains to be elucidated. Using induced-pluripotent stem cells established from patients carrying CDC42R186C, we found that patient-derived cells secreted larger amounts of IL-1β in response to pyrin-activating stimuli. Aberrant palmitoylation and localization of CDC42R186C protein to the Golgi apparatus promoted pyrin inflammasome assembly downstream of pyrin dephosphorylation. Aberrant subcellular localization was the common pathological feature shared by CDC42 C-terminal variants with inflammatory phenotypes, including CDC42*192C*24 that also localizes to the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, the level of pyrin inflammasome overactivation paralleled that of mutant protein accumulation in the Golgi apparatus, but not that of the mutant GTPase activity. These results reveal an unexpected association between CDC42 subcellular localization and pyrin inflammasome activation that could pave the way for elucidating the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nihira
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shibata
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kumi Kodama
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eitaro Hiejima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazushi Izawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Kawasaki
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsujiro Osawa
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Katata
- Department of Neonatology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sachiko Onodera
- Department of Neonatology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Watanabe
- Department of Neonatology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Uchida
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Megumu K Saito
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryuta Nishikomori
- Department of Pediatrics, Kurume University Graduate School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoji Sasahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Tangye SG, Gray PE, Pillay BA, Yap JY, Figgett WA, Reeves J, Kummerfeld SK, Stoddard J, Uzel G, Jing H, Su HC, Campbell DE, Sullivan A, Burnett L, Peake J, Ma CS. Hyper-IgE Syndrome due to an Elusive Novel Intronic Homozygous Variant in DOCK8. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:119-129. [PMID: 34657245 PMCID: PMC10461790 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rare, biallelic loss-of-function mutations in DOCK8 result in a combined immune deficiency characterized by severe and recurrent cutaneous infections, eczema, allergies, and susceptibility to malignancy, as well as impaired humoral and cellular immunity and hyper-IgE. The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled the rapid molecular diagnosis of rare monogenic diseases, including inborn errors of immunity. These advances have resulted in the implementation of gene-guided treatments, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplant for DOCK8 deficiency. However, putative disease-causing variants revealed by next-generation sequencing need rigorous validation to demonstrate pathogenicity. Here, we report the eventual diagnosis of DOCK8 deficiency in a consanguineous family due to a novel homozygous intronic deletion variant that caused aberrant exon splicing and subsequent loss of expression of DOCK8 protein. Remarkably, the causative variant was not initially detected by clinical whole-genome sequencing but was subsequently identified and validated by combining advanced genomic analysis, RNA-seq, and flow cytometry. This case highlights the need to adopt multipronged confirmatory approaches to definitively solve complex genetic cases that result from variants outside protein-coding exons and conventional splice sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul E Gray
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bethany A Pillay
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jin Yan Yap
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William A Figgett
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | - John Reeves
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah K Kummerfeld
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
| | - Jennifer Stoddard
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Huie Jing
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dianne E Campbell
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Sullivan
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Queensland Children's Hospital and University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leslie Burnett
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Peake
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Queensland Children's Hospital and University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Clinical Immunogenomics Research Consortium of Australasia (CIRCA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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14
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Redmond MT, Scherzer R, Prince BT. Novel Genetic Discoveries in Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:55-74. [PMID: 35020168 PMCID: PMC8753955 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08881-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The field of Immunology is one that has undergone great expansion in recent years. With the advent of new diagnostic modalities including a variety of genetic tests (discussed elsewhere in this journal), the ability to diagnose a patient with a primary immunodeficiency disorder (PIDD) has become a more streamlined process. With increased availability of genetic testing for those with suspected or known PIDD, there has been a significant increase in the number of genes associated with this group of disorders. This is of great importance as a misdiagnosis of these rare diseases can lead to a delay in what can be critical treatment options. At times, those options can include life-saving medications or procedures. Presentation of patients with PIDD can vary greatly based on the specific genetic defect and the part(s) of the immune system that is affected by the variation. PIDD disorders lead to varying levels of increased risk of infection ranging from a mild increase such as with selective IgA deficiency to a profound risk with severe combined immunodeficiency. These diseases can also cause a variety of other clinical findings including autoimmunity and gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T. Redmond
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Rebecca Scherzer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Benjamin T. Prince
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH USA
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15
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Santoro C, Gaudino G, Torella A, Piluso G, Perrotta S, Miraglia Del Giudice E, Nigro V, Grandone A. Intermittent macrothrombocytopenia in a novel patient with Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome and review of literature. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104358. [PMID: 34624555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome (TKS) is a recently delineated syndromic form of thrombocytopenia strictly related to an hot-spot missense variant, p.Tyr64Cys, in CDC42 (Cell Division Control protein 42). Herein we report an additional patient with the p.Tyr64Cys aminoacidic substitution who showed the well-defined phenotypical TKS features and an intermittent, very mild, macrothrombocytopenia at 10.7 years of age (93,000/mL), that was only retrospectively valorized. Outside of this value the PLT count had always been higher than 100,000/mL. We also review literature data from patients carrying this recurrent variant. Our female patient presented with prenatal onset of short stature and microcephaly, camptodactyly, heart defects, typical facial gestalt, developmental delay, and not specific brain abnormalities. After several genetic investigations (karyotype, CGH-Array, targeted NGS analysis for short stature genes), by whole exome sequencing we identified the p.Tyr64Cys in CDC42, occurring de novo. The case presented here provides further evidence that macrothrombocytopenia can be intermittent and thus it might escape attention of clinicians. Without this key feature, TKS clinical presentation can overlap other syndromic forms of short stature. Immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and malignancies were recently reported in patients with the p.Tyr64Cys substitution, making imperative an early diagnosis of Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome to organize the most proper follow-up of these pediatric patients. The whole exome sequencing can be a solving tool in the challenge to the rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santoro
- Department of Women, Child, and General and Specialist Surgery, Naples, Italy; Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Gaudino
- Department of Women, Child, and General and Specialist Surgery, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Piluso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Silverio Perrotta
- Department of Women, Child, and General and Specialist Surgery, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Grandone
- Department of Women, Child, and General and Specialist Surgery, Naples, Italy
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16
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Delafontaine S, Meyts I. Infection and autoinflammation in inborn errors of immunity: brothers in arms. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 72:331-339. [PMID: 34543865 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The binary view of inborn errors of immunity classified as either autoinflammatory conditions or primary immunodeficiency in the strict sense, that is, increased susceptibility to infection is challenged by the description of recent inborn errors of immunity (IEI) triggers leading to activation and disruption of cell death pathways, play a major part in the pathophysiology of infection and autoinflammation. In addition, molecules with a double role in the extracellular versus intracellular milieu add to the complexity. In all, in-depth study of human inborn errors of immunity will continue to instruct us on fundamental immunology and lead to novel therapeutic targets and approaches that can be used in other monogenic and polygenic/complex immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selket Delafontaine
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Macrothrombocytopenia of Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome is ameliorated by CDC42 specific- and lipidation inhibitors in MEG-01 cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17990. [PMID: 34504210 PMCID: PMC8429552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrothrombocytopenia is a common pathology of missense mutations in genes regulating actin dynamics. Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome (TKS) harboring the c.191A > G, Tyr64Cys (Y64C) variant in Cdc42 exhibits a variety of clinical manifestations, including immunological and hematological anomalies. In the present study, we investigated the functional abnormalities of the Y64C mutant in HEK293 cells and elucidated the mechanism of macrothrombocytopenia, one of the symptoms of TKS patients, by monitoring the production of platelet-like particles (PLP) using MEG-01 cells. We found that the Y64C mutant was concentrated at the membrane compartment due to impaired binding to Rho-GDI and more active than the wild-type. The Y64C mutant also had lower association with its effectors Pak1/2 and N-WASP. Y64C mutant-expressing MEG-01 cells demonstrated short cytoplasmic protrusions with aberrant F-actin and microtubules, and reduced PLP production. This suggested that the Y64C mutant facilitates its activity and membrane localization, resulting in impaired F-actin dynamics for proplatelet extension, which is necessary for platelet production. Furthermore, such dysfunction was ameliorated by either suppression of Cdc42 activity or prenylation using chemical inhibitors. Our study may lead to pharmacological treatments for TKS patients.
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18
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Abstract
Several recent studies provide valuable new information that expands the spectrum of human disease associated with mutations in CDC42.
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19
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Abstract
Ras homology (RHO) GTPases are signalling proteins that have crucial roles in triggering multiple immune functions. Through their interactions with a broad range of effectors and kinases, they regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, cell polarity and the trafficking and proliferation of immune cells. The activity and localization of RHO GTPases are highly controlled by classical families of regulators that share consensus motifs. In this Review, we describe the recent discovery of atypical modulators and partners of RHO GTPases, which bring an additional layer of regulation and plasticity to the control of RHO GTPase activities in the immune system. Furthermore, the development of large-scale genetic screening has now enabled researchers to identify dysregulation of RHO GTPase signalling pathways as a cause of many immune system-related diseases. We discuss the mutations that have been identified in RHO GTPases and their signalling circuits in patients with rare diseases. The discoveries of new RHO GTPase partners and genetic mutations in RHO GTPase signalling hubs have uncovered unsuspected layers of crosstalk with other signalling pathways and may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for patients affected by complex immune or broader syndromes.
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20
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Sancho-Shimizu V, Brodin P, Cobat A, Biggs CM, Toubiana J, Lucas CL, Henrickson SE, Belot A, Tangye SG, Milner JD, Levin M, Abel L, Bogunovic D, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. SARS-CoV-2-related MIS-C: A key to the viral and genetic causes of Kawasaki disease? J Exp Med 2021; 218:212029. [PMID: 33904890 PMCID: PMC8080850 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) emerged in April 2020 in communities with high COVID-19 rates. This new condition is heterogenous but resembles Kawasaki disease (KD), a well-known but poorly understood and clinically heterogenous pediatric inflammatory condition for which weak associations have been found with a myriad of viral illnesses. Epidemiological data clearly indicate that SARS-CoV-2 is the trigger for MIS-C, which typically occurs about 1 mo after infection. These findings support the hypothesis of viral triggers for the various forms of classic KD. We further suggest that rare inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) altering the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may underlie the pathogenesis of MIS-C in some children. The discovery of monogenic IEIs underlying MIS-C would shed light on its pathogenesis, paving the way for a new genetic approach to classic KD, revisited as a heterogeneous collection of IEIs to viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Virology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Petter Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Catherine M Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France.,Pasteur Institute, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - Carrie L Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sarah E Henrickson
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, University of Lyon, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1111, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Rheumatic, Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Michael Levin
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Virology, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Precision Immunology Institute, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Department of Microbiology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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21
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Castro CN, Rosenzwajg M, Carapito R, Shahrooei M, Konantz M, Khan A, Miao Z, Groß M, Tranchant T, Radosavljevic M, Paul N, Stemmelen T, Pitoiset F, Hirschler A, Nespola B, Molitor A, Rolli V, Pichot A, Faletti LE, Rinaldi B, Friant S, Mednikov M, Karauzum H, Aman MJ, Carapito C, Lengerke C, Ziaee V, Eyaid W, Ehl S, Alroqi F, Parvaneh N, Bahram S. NCKAP1L defects lead to a novel syndrome combining immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation. J Exp Med 2021; 217:152004. [PMID: 32766723 PMCID: PMC7526481 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nck-associated protein 1–like (NCKAP1L) gene, alternatively called hematopoietic protein 1 (HEM-1), encodes a hematopoietic lineage–specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Nckap1l-deficient mice have anomalies in lymphocyte development, phagocytosis, and neutrophil migration. Here we report, for the first time, NCKAP1L deficiency cases in humans. In two unrelated patients of Middle Eastern origin, recessive mutations in NCKAP1L abolishing protein expression led to immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation with features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Immunophenotyping showed an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio with a major shift of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells toward memory compartments, in line with combined RNA-seq/proteomics analyses revealing a T cell exhaustion signature. Consistent with the core function of NCKAP1L in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, patients’ T cells displayed impaired early activation, immune synapse morphology, and leading edge formation. Moreover, knockdown of nckap1l in zebrafish led to defects in neutrophil migration. Hence, NCKAP1L mutations lead to broad immune dysregulation in humans, which could be classified within actinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Noemi Castro
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Biotherapy (Centre d'Investigation Clinique intégré en Biothérapies & immunologie; CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martina Konantz
- University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhichao Miao
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Hongkou, China
| | - Miriam Groß
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thibaud Tranchant
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mirjana Radosavljevic
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tristan Stemmelen
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Pitoiset
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Biotherapy (Centre d'Investigation Clinique intégré en Biothérapies & immunologie; CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Hirschler
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoit Nespola
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Rolli
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angélique Pichot
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Eva Faletti
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Rinaldi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR7156/Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Friant
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR7156/Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vahid Ziaee
- Pediatric Rheumatology Research Group, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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22
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Inborn errors of immunity with atopic phenotypes: A practical guide for allergists. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100513. [PMID: 33717395 PMCID: PMC7907539 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, mainly resulting from mutations in genes associated with immunoregulation and immune host defense. These disorders are characterized by different combinations of recurrent infections, autoimmunity, inflammatory manifestations, lymphoproliferation, and malignancy. Interestingly, it has been increasingly observed that common allergic symptoms also can represent the expression of an underlying immunodeficiency and/or immune dysregulation. Very high IgE levels, peripheral or organ-specific hypereosinophilia, usually combined with a variety of atopic symptoms, may sometimes be the epiphenomenon of a monogenic disease. Therefore, allergists should be aware that severe and/or therapy-resistant atopic disorders might be the main clinical phenotype of some IEI. This could pave the way to target therapies, leading to better quality of life and improved survival in affected patients.
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23
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Asiri A, Alwadaani D, Umair M, Alhamoudi KM, Almuhanna MH, Nasir A, Alrfaei BM, Al Tuwaijri A, Barhoumi T, Alyafee Y, Almuzzaini B, Aldrees M, Ballow M, Alayyar L, Al Abdulrahman A, Alhaidan Y, Al Ghasham N, Al-Ajaji S, Alsalamah M, Al Suwairi W, Alfadhel M. Pancytopenia, Recurrent Infection, Poor Wound Healing, Heterotopia of the Brain Probably Associated with A Candidate Novel de Novo CDC42 Gene Defect: Expanding the Molecular and Phenotypic Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020294. [PMID: 33672558 PMCID: PMC7923796 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CDC42 (cell division cycle protein 42) belongs to the Rho GTPase family that is known to control the signaling axis that regulates several cellular functions, including cell cycle progression, migration, and proliferation. However, the functional characterization of the CDC42 gene in mammalian physiology remains largely unclear. Here, we report the genetic and functional characterization of a non-consanguineous Saudi family with a single affected individual. Clinical examinations revealed poor wound healing, heterotopia of the brain, pancytopenia, and recurrent infections. Whole exome sequencing revealed a de novo missense variant (c.101C > A, p.Pro34Gln) in the CDC42 gene. The functional assays revealed a substantial reduction in the growth and motility of the patient cells as compared to the normal cells control. Homology three-dimensional (3-D) modeling of CDC42 revealed that the Pro34 is important for the proper protein secondary structure. In conclusion, we report a candidate disease-causing variant, which requires further confirmation for the etiology of CDC42 pathogenesis. This represents the first case from the Saudi population. The current study adds to the spectrum of mutations in the CDC42 gene that might help in genetic counseling and contributes to the CDC42-related genetic and functional characterization. However, further studies into the molecular mechanisms that are involved are needed in order to determine the role of the CDC42 gene associated with aberrant cell migration and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Asiri
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Deemah Alwadaani
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Kheloud M. Alhamoudi
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Mohammed H. Almuhanna
- Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea;
| | - Bahauddeen M. Alrfaei
- Stem Cells Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abeer Al Tuwaijri
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Tlili Barhoumi
- Medical Core Facility and Research Platforms, King Abdullah International Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yusra Alyafee
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Bader Almuzzaini
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aldrees
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Mariam Ballow
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Latifah Alayyar
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Abdulkareem Al Abdulrahman
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yazeid Alhaidan
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Nahlah Al Ghasham
- Hematology Division, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sulaiman Al-Ajaji
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Alsalamah
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-A.); (M.A.)
| | - Wafa Al Suwairi
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (D.A.); (M.U.); (K.M.A.); (A.A.T.); (Y.A.); (B.A.); (M.A.); (M.B.); (L.A.); (A.A.A.); (Y.A.)
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department (GPM), King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-11-805-3560; Fax: +966-11-805-5555
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24
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Tangye SG, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Franco JL, Holland SM, Klein C, Morio T, Oksenhendler E, Picard C, Puel A, Puck J, Seppänen MRJ, Somech R, Su HC, Sullivan KE, Torgerson TR, Meyts I. The Ever-Increasing Array of Novel Inborn Errors of Immunity: an Interim Update by the IUIS Committee. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:666-679. [PMID: 33598806 PMCID: PMC7889474 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-00980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most recent updated classification of inborn errors of immunity/primary immunodeficiencies, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee, was published in January 2020. Within days of completing this report, it was already out of date, evidenced by the frequent publication of genetic variants proposed to cause novel inborn errors of immunity. As the next formal report from the IUIS Expert Committee will not be published until 2022, we felt it important to provide the community with a brief update of recent contributions to the field of inborn errors of immunity. Herein, we highlight studies that have identified 26 additional monogenic gene defects that reach the threshold to represent novel causes of immune defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, d'Inflammation et d'Allergy LICIA Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr von Hauner Childrens Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center and Rare Diseases Center, Childrens Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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25
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Kashani P, Marwaha A, Feanny S, Kim VHD, Atkinson AR, Leon-Ponte M, Mendoza-Londono R, Grunebaum E. Progressive decline of T and B cell numbers and function in a patient with CDC42 deficiency. Immunol Res 2021; 69:53-58. [PMID: 33405195 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Single allele mutations in the Cell Division Control protein 42 homolog (CDC42) gene were recently shown to cause Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome with diverse manifestations. These include persistent mild thrombocytopenia with large platelet size, severe developmental delay, growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, and other neurodevelopmental and hematological anomalies. CDC42 deficiency might also cause myelofibrosis, myeloproliferation, and severe autoinflammation. CDC42 closely interacts with the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, but little is still known about the immune abnormalities associated with CDC42 deficiency. Detailed immune evaluations were performed in a patient diagnosed with a CDC42 Tyr64Cys mutation. The 19-year-old female suffered from recurrent pneumonia, otitis media, and bacteremia, which resolved at 10 years of age, concordant with the initiation of amoxicillin prophylaxis. In addition, the patient had frequent viral upper respiratory tract infections, which resolved without need for medical interventions. Immune evaluations demonstrated decreased immunoglobulin levels, inability to maintain antibody responses, progressive decline in the number of CD19+ B cells, and decreased switched memory B cells. There was also a decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, markedly reduced naïve T cells, and intermittent depressed proliferation of T cells to stimulation. Natural killer cells' number and functions were normal. However, no opportunistic infections were observed, nor was there evidence for autoinflammation. CDC42 deficiency might also be associated with decline in T and B cell function. Therefore, immunity in patients with CDC42 defects should be closely monitored, particularly among those with frequent infections or systemic autoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Kashani
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ashish Marwaha
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Stephen Feanny
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vy Hong-Diep Kim
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adelle R Atkinson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matilde Leon-Ponte
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Roberto Mendoza-Londono
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Eyal Grunebaum
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Toronto, Canada.
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26
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Schnabel F, Kamphausen SB, Funke R, Kaulfuß S, Wollnik B, Zenker M. Aplasia cutis congenita in a CDC42-related developmental phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:850-855. [PMID: 33283961 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) is a small Rho GTPase, which serves as a fundamental intracellular signal node regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics and several other integral cellular processes. CDC42-associated disorders encompass a broad clinical spectrum including Takenouchi-Kosaki syndrome, autoinflammatory syndromes and neurodevelopmental phenotypes mimicking RASopathies. Dysregulation of CDC42 signaling by genetic defects in either DOCK6 or ARHGAP31 is also considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS). Here, we report a mother and her child carrying the previously reported pathogenic CDC42 variant c.511G>A (p.Glu171Lys). Both affected individuals presented with short stature, distinctive craniofacial features, pectus deformity as well as heart and eye anomalies, similar to the recently described Noonan syndrome-like phenotype associated with this variant. Remarkably, one of the patients additionally exhibited aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp. Multi-gene panel sequencing of the known AOS-causative genes and whole exome sequencing revealed no second pathogenic variant in any disease-associated gene explaining the aplasia cutis phenotype in our patient. This observation further expands the phenotypic spectrum of CDC42-associated disorders and underscores the role of CDC42 dysregulation in the pathogenesis of aplasia cutis congenita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schnabel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Funke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Kassel, Germany
| | - Silke Kaulfuß
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines To Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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27
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He T, Huang Y, Ling J, Yang J. A New Patient with NOCARH Syndrome Due to CDC42 Defect. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:571-575. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Infantile Myelofibrosis and Myeloproliferation with CDC42 Dysfunction. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:554-566. [PMID: 32303876 PMCID: PMC7253386 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies of genetic blood disorders have advanced our understanding of the intrinsic regulation of hematopoiesis. However, such genetic studies have only yielded limited insights into how interactions between hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment are regulated. Here, we describe two affected siblings with infantile myelofibrosis and myeloproliferation that share a common de novo mutation in the Rho GTPase CDC42 (Chr1:22417990:C>T, p.R186C) due to paternal germline mosaicism. Functional studies using human cells and flies demonstrate that this CDC42 mutant has altered activity and thereby disrupts interactions between hematopoietic progenitors and key tissue microenvironmental factors. These findings suggest that further investigation of this and other related disorders may provide insights into how hematopoietic cell-microenvironment interactions play a role in human health and can be disrupted in disease. In addition, we suggest that deregulation of CDC42 may underlie more common blood disorders, such as primary myelofibrosis.
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