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Yuan X, Zhang W, Liu L, Lin Y, Xie L, Chai X, Xu K, Du G, Zhang L. A Chitosan-Based Fluorescent Probe Combined with Smartphone Technology for the Detection of Hypochlorite in Pure Water. Molecules 2023; 28:6316. [PMID: 37687144 PMCID: PMC10489715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Using chitosan as a raw material, 1,8-naphthimide as the fluorescent chromophore, and sulfur-containing compounds as the recognition groups, a novel naphthimide-functionalized chitosan probe, CS-BNS, for the detection of ClO- was successfully synthesized. The modification of chitosan was verified by SEM, XRD, FTIR, mapping, 13C-NMR, TG and the structure of the probe molecule was characterized. The identification performance of the probes was studied using UV and fluorescence spectrophotometers. The results show that CS-BNS exhibits a specific response to ClO- based on the oxidative reaction of ClO- to the recognition motifs, as well as a good resistance to interference. And the probe has high sensitivity and fast response time, and can complete the detection of ClO- in a pure water system within 60 s. The probe can also quantify ClO- (y = 30.698x + 532.37, R2 = 0.9833) with a detection limit as low as 0.27 μM. In addition, the combination of the probe with smartphone technology enables the visualization and real-time monitoring of ClO-. Moreover, an identification system for ClO- was established by combining the probe with smartphone technology, which realized the visualization and real-time monitoring of ClO-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushuo Yuan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Li Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Yanfei Lin
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Linkun Xie
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Xijuan Chai
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Kaimeng Xu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (X.Y.); (W.Z.); (L.L.); (L.X.); (X.C.); (K.X.); (G.D.)
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Zhou Y, Xu H, Li QX, Hou ZR, Wang YW, Peng Y. A dual-mode probe based on AIE and TICT effects for the detection of the hypochlorite anion and its bioimaging in living cells. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1270-1274. [PMID: 36637117 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02138b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanisms, a fluorescent probe SWJT-12 for the detection of ClO- was designed by using the CN bond as a reactive group. This synthesized probe can react with ClO- in a high aqueous phase, and it shows a large Stokes shift (144 nm) and low biological toxicity. Its limit of detection was calculated to be 0.28 μM. Furthermore, SWJT-12 was successfully used for ratiometric imaging of the exogenous hypochlorite anion in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai Xu
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing-Xiu Li
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zong-Rui Hou
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China.
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Chen H, He X, Yu Y, Qian Y, Shen J, Zhao S. Execution of aggregation-induced emission as nano-sensors for hypochlorite detection and application for bioimaging in living cells and zebrafish. Talanta 2020; 214:120842. [PMID: 32278426 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-) could be used as a diagnostic marker for inflammation and related diseases. Although there have been many reports on probes for ClO- imaging, there was still a lack of specificity and anti-interference ability. Herein, carbazole (NEC) and tetraphenylethylene (TPE) equipped with thiobarbituric acid (TBA), NEC-TBA and TPE-TBA, were synthesized and used as a fluorescence biosensor for monitoring ClO- with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. we identified that TPE-TBA, with formed nanoparticles in the mean grain size at 76 nm (5 μM), was a superior probe to target ClO- over other analytes with fluorescence "turn off" strategy. Subsequently, to explore the bioimaging application, TPE-TBA was able to sense exogenous ClO- in living HeLa cells through fluorescence imaging. In zebrafish model, TPE-TBA effectively captured exogenous ClO- in the entire organization of zebrafish. Overall, these AIE-based probes merit further development as organism targeting ClO- sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuzhong Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuna Qian
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001, China.
| | - Shanchao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Gorbet MJ, Ranjan A. Cancer immunotherapy with immunoadjuvants, nanoparticles, and checkpoint inhibitors: Recent progress and challenges in treatment and tracking response to immunotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107456. [PMID: 31863820 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation are accepted as the preferred treatment modalities against cancer, but in recent years the use of immunotherapeutic approaches has gained prominence as the fourth treatment modality in cancer patients. In this approach, a patient's innate and adaptive immune systems are activated to achieve clearance of occult cancerous cells. In this review, we discuss the preclinical and clinical immunotherapeutic (e.g., immunoadjuvants (in-situ vaccines, oncolytic viruses, CXC antagonists, device activated agents), organic and inorganic nanoparticles, and checkpoint blockade) that are under investigation for cancer therapy and diagnostics. Additionally, the innovations in imaging of immune cells for tracking therapeutic responses and limitations (e.g., toxicity, inefficient immunomodulation, etc.) are described. Existing data suggest that if immune therapy is optimized, it can be a real and potentially paradigm-shifting cancer treatment frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael-Joseph Gorbet
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA.
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Yang M, Wang L, Leng X, Zhang Y. A solvent-dependent fluorometric dual-mode probe for Pd2+ and ClO− in living cells. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A ratiometric fluorescence probe based on a novel recognition mechanism for monitoring endogenous hypochlorite in living cells. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1064:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shahid MA, Shi G, Yousuf M, Madridejos JML, Mahmood F, Rasheed L. A “turn-on” fluorescent probe for highly selective discrimination of hypochlorite (ClO −) from oxidants including dichromates (Cr 2O 72−) in aqueous media. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00610a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A carbazole-based probe was synthesized and found to fluoresce (λem,max = 440 nm) in the presence of hypochlorite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmed Shahid
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Baha-ud-Din Zakaria University
- Multan 60800
- Pakistan
| | - Genggongwo Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Muhammad Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jenica Marie L. Madridejos
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Farzana Mahmood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Baha-ud-Din Zakaria University
- Multan 60800
- Pakistan
| | - Lubna Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
- Division of Science and Technology
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Yang C, Zuo M, Hu X, Chen X, Zhang D, Qi Z, Zhao X, Zuo H. A novel rhodamine-based fluorescent probe for selective detection of ClO– and its application in living cell imaging. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent rhodamine-based probe L for selective responding to ClO– has been synthesized and characterized. The spectroscopy showed that probe L can detect ClO– in aqueous solution without interaction with other interfering ions, and the detection is also evident by the colour change from colourless to reddish purple under white light. The remarkable fluorescence enhancement showed the high selectivity and sensitivity of probe L for the detection of ClO–. Furthermore, probe L was applied to intracellular fluorescent imaging of HeLa cells treated with ClO– and MTT assay showed nontoxicity in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mingliang Zuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non-invasive Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuelin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenping Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hua Zuo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Li L, Wang S, Lan H, Gong G, Zhu Y, Tse YC, Wong KM. Rhodol Derivatives as Selective Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Hg II Ions and the Bioimaging of Hypochlorous Acid. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:136-143. [PMID: 29435399 PMCID: PMC5792738 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two sensors, 1 with a spirolactone group and 2 with a spirolactam group containing a phenyl isothiocyanate moiety, based on rhodol, were designed and synthesized in order to obtain materials with excellent optical properties for the detection of environmentally and biologically important Hg2+ and hypochlorous acid (HClO) ions. The crystal structure of 1 revealed two moieties, a rhodamine-like portion with a spirolactone and a fluorescein-like portion without a spirolactone. In the absence of analyte, 1 produced an optical output with a maximum absorption and emission at 475 and 570 nm, respectively, which was attributed to the fluorescein-like moiety without a spirolactone. In contrast, the rhodamine-like moiety containing a spirolactone was activated by the addition of H+ or Hg2+ ions, and 1 yielded new absorption and emission peaks at 530 and 612 nm, respectively. Further functionalization with a phenyl isothiocyanate group afforded 2, a fluorescent probe for HClO. High selectivity and sensitivity towards the hypochlorite ion were anticipated, owing to the stoichiometric and irreversible formation of a thiosemicarbazide group, which led to dramatic fluorescence responses. With good functionality at physiological pH, probe 2 was successfully used to image HClO in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of BiologySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Guiyi Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of BiologySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Yu Chung Tse
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Department of BiologySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
| | - Keith Man‐Chung Wong
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Tangchang BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen518055P.R. China
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Lin QS, Huang YL, Fan XX, Zheng XL, Chen XL, Zhan XQ, Zheng H. A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid determination: Excitation and the dual-emission wavelengths at NIR region. Talanta 2017; 170:496-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chen X, Wang F, Hyun JY, Wei T, Qiang J, Ren X, Shin I, Yoon J. Recent progress in the development of fluorescent, luminescent and colorimetric probes for detection of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2976-3016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00192k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhu J, Liu S, Liu Z, Li Y, Qiao M, Hu X. Enhanced spectrofluorimetric determination of hypochlorite based on the catalytic oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome in the presence of trace ferrocyanide. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46170j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Fluorescence and HPLC Detection of Hydroxyl Radical by a Rhodamine-Nitroxide Probe and its Application in Cell Imaging. J Fluoresc 2013; 24:313-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-013-1329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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