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Pradhan AK, Ray M, Parthasarathy V, Mishra AK. Effects of donor and acceptor substituents on the photophysics of 4-ethynyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29327-29340. [PMID: 37877192 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The present work explores the photophysical, electrochemical, and fluorescence polarization properties of a group of π-conjugated phenylethynyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivatives (BTDs) bearing different electron-donating (ED) or electron-withdrawing (EW) substituents at the para position of the phenylethynyl moiety. The BTDs were synthesized through the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction between 4-bromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and the respective para-substituted phenylethynyl derivatives. The BTDs with the EW-substituents show relatively weak solvatochromic behavior, while the BTDs with the strong ED-substituents like methoxy and N,N-dimethylamino-based substituents (BTDPhOMe and BTDPhNMe2) exhibit a pronounced solvatochromic behavior. The change in dipole moments in the excited states of the derivatives was calculated using Lippert-Mataga plots. The conclusions drawn on the spectral behavior of the molecules could be rationalized by TD-DFT calculations involving electron density difference (EDD) maps that correlate with the ICT characteristics of the molecules. The experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the BTDs with the strong ED-substituents (strong push-pull type BTDs) have a strong ICT character in the excited state. These strong push-pull type BTDs show high fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) in apolar solvents and low ΦF in polar solvents. In contrast, the BTDs with the weak ED-substituents (weak push-pull type BTDs) and EW-substituents (pull-pull type BTDs) have a weaker ICT character with low ΦF in apolar and high ΦF in polar solvent media. There is good a agreement among the HOMO-LUMO band gaps obtained from absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical studies and theoretical calculations. The fluorescence anisotropy measurement in the glycerol medium shows that the studied BTDs generally exhibit higher sensitivity towards microviscosity than the traditional DPH fluorescence anisotropy probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asit Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Manaswini Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Ashok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Melavanki R, Kusanur R, Sharma K, Sadasivuni KK, Koppal VV, Patil NR. Exploration of spectroscopic, computational, fluorescence turn-off mechanism, molecular docking and in silico studies of pyridine derivative. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00427-z. [PMID: 37184774 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The present work reports pyridine-based chalones using spectroscopic techniques to use pyridine derivative analysis. The solvatochromic behavior of 3DPP in non-polar, polar protic and aprotic solvents has been investigated experimentally. The photophysical property of the compound in diverse solvents is attributed to the intra-molecular charge transfer interactions. The dipole moment of 3DPP is estimated theoretically and experimentally using various solvatochromic methods. It is observed that there is a bathochromic shift in the emission spectra of 3DPP, which confirms the π → π* transition. Fluorescence quenching of 3DPP is studied. The type of fluorescence quenching mechanism is found to be collisional quenching. A study of FRET theory on 3DPP was carried out with metal ions. There is a considerable energy transfer between 3DPP and metal ions. NLO behaviors of the compound have been revealed with the help of Kurtz-Perry powder technique. Additionally, the title molecule is docked, carried ADMET studies and drug-like activity using in silico tools. It is probed for antifungal activity through bioinformatics kit which showed potential information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveendra Melavanki
- Department of Physics, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India.
- Autonomous, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590018, India.
| | - Raviraj Kusanur
- Department of Chemistry, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalpana Sharma
- Department of Physics, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India
- Autonomous, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590018, India
| | | | - V V Koppal
- Department of Physics, KLE Technological University, Hubli, Karnataka, 580031, India
| | - N R Patil
- Department of Physics, B V B College of Engineering and Technology, Hubli, Karnataka, 580031, India.
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Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxic Effect of ZnO and Ag-ZnO Nanoparticles Using Capsicum Frutescence Fruits. BIONANOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-023-01058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Hong JE, Jung Y, Min D, Jang M, Kim S, Park J, Park Y. Visible-Light-Induced Organophotocatalytic Difunctionallization: Open-Air Hydroxysulfurization of Aryl Alkenes with Aryl Thiols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7378-7391. [PMID: 35561230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a regioselective visible-light-induced organophotoredox catalytic difunctionalization method to prepare β-hydroxysulfides using aryl alkenes and aryl thiols as substrates. The reaction provides a wide substrate scope of aryl alkenes (from simple styrene to complex bioactive compounds) and aryl thiols (from diverse heteroaromatic thiols to nonheteroaromatic thiols) (total 45 examples, up to 88% yield). Based on the combined experimental and computational studies, we demonstrate that in situ generated hydroperoxyl radicals from O2 in air react with benzylic radicals, which restrains the reaction between benzylic radicals and the acidic form of thiols in a classical thiol-ene radical reaction. We show that difunctionalization is possible due to the choice of bases, diluted substrate concentrations, increment in catalyst loading, and selection of suitable aryl thiols under aerobic conditions. Considering the biological importance of heteroaromatic thiols and the lack of methods to install them, our approach offers a platform to derive various β-hydroxysulfides that contain aromatic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Min
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Park
- College of Pharmacy, Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, Republic of Korea
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