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Dong D, Xiong S, Nichini E, Chen X, Liu B, Zhu L, Yip FF, Sun L, Zhu J. Applying and assessing the PEERS model on genetic counseling training in China: A mixed-method approach. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:986851. [PMID: 36714144 PMCID: PMC9874665 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.986851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the changing medical demands in the healthcare system, there is a need for a standardized and professionalized curriculum for genetic counselors. This mixed-method study will observe and evaluate the first Peer Experiential and Reciprocal Supervision (PEERS) training program on genetic counseling among medical practitioners in China; to provide feedback and recommendation for future training and practices. Methods A genetic counselor training program was held from December 10-11, 2016 in a fetal medicine unit and prenatal diagnosis center in Shanghai with 59 participants from clinical centers, hospitals, and organizations in China. An ethnographic reflexive assessment with a structured questionnaire were used to provide insights and feedback on the training experience. Results Results indicate an inadequate mastery of genetic and fetal knowledge; lack of empathetic understanding and cultural sensitivity; difficulties in adopting a non-directive counseling approach; distance between reality and fictionality in the training; overall training's helpfulness. Conclusion The professionalization of genetic counseling in China is in the making with the soaring demands for genetic counseling services; this first experiment of PEERS training turned out to be needed, worth to be adapted toward medical centers across China, to better understand and face the challenges rising from genetic counseling practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Dong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyi Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Elena Nichini
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Chen
- Fudan-Harvard Medical Anthropology Collaborative Research Center, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binjuan Liu
- Fudan-Harvard Medical Anthropology Collaborative Research Center, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Liling Zhu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Faustina Fu Yip
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luming Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Luming Sun ✉
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- Fudan-Harvard Medical Anthropology Collaborative Research Center, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Jianfeng Zhu ✉
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MacFarlane IM, McCarthy Veach P, Grier JE, Meister DJ, LeRoy BS. Effects of Anxiety on Novice Genetic Counseling Students' Experience of Supervised Clinical Rotations. J Genet Couns 2016; 25:742-66. [PMID: 27098419 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-016-9953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Supervised clinical experiences with patients comprise a critical component of genetic counseling student education. Previous research has found genetic counseling students tend to be more anxiety prone than the general population, and anxiety related to supervision has been found in genetic counseling and related fields. The present study investigated how anxiety affects the experience of supervision for genetic counseling students. Second year genetic counseling students were invited to participate through email invitations distributed via training directors of the 33 programs accredited at the time of the study by the American Board of Genetic Counseling. An initial online survey contained the trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to estimate anxiety proneness in this population and an invitation to participate in a 45-minute semi-structured phone interview focusing on students' experiences of supervision during their clinical rotations. High and low trait anxiety groups were created using STAI scores, and the groups' interview responses were compared using consensual qualitative research methodology (CQR; Hill 2012). The high anxiety group was more likely to describe problematic supervisory relationships, appreciate the supervisor's ability to help them when they get stuck in sessions, and feel their anxiety had a negative effect on their performance in general and in supervision. Common themes included supervisors' balancing support and guidance, the importance of feedback, ego-centric responses, and supervisors as focal points. The results of the present study are largely consistent with current literature. Further research findings and research, practice, and training recommendations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M MacFarlane
- Department of Psychology, Austin College, 900 N Grand Ave, Suite 61557, Sherman, TX, 75092, USA.
| | | | | | - Derek J Meister
- Ketchikan Gateway Borough School District, Ketchikan, AK, USA
| | - Bonnie S LeRoy
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Sexton A, Hodgkin L, Bogwitz M, Bylstra Y, Mann K, Taylor J, Hodgson J, Sahhar M, Kentwell M. A Model for Peer Experiential and Reciprocal Supervision (PEERS) for Genetic Counselors: Development and Preliminary Evaluation Within Clinical Practice. J Genet Couns 2012; 22:175-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10897-012-9540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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