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Warner NZ, Matthews S, Groarke A, McSharry J. A systematic review of psycho-social interventions for individuals with a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant. J Genet Couns 2021; 30:1695-1706. [PMID: 34060696 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Women with a pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 genes have up to an 87% lifetime risk of breast cancer and up to a 68% lifetime risk for ovarian cancer. Common risk-reducing measures include prophylactic surgeries or pharmacological approaches, such as chemoprevention. Psycho-social issues can arise due to this increased risk, often resulting in heightened distress or anxiety. This review examines the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving psychological adjustment in individuals with a pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2. A Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) Panel of six individuals with a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant provided input on the terminology used and dissemination of the review. Interventions assessing psychological measures in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers, published in English, were considered eligible for inclusion. A systematic search strategy was carried out on OVID, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collections, and Scopus. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, data extraction, risk of bias assessments, and theory coding. Findings were reported through narrative synthesis. Of the 1,024 results from searches, fifteen interventions were eligible. Nine of these were randomized controlled trials, six were quasi-experimental. There was heterogeneity in intervention design, with limited evidence of improvement upon psychological outcome measures. No study was rated as being low risk for bias. Five studies obtained the highest level of risk for bias, the majority of issues arising from problematic outcome measurement. No single study met all criteria on the Theory Coding Scheme, with five studies mentioning a theoretical aspect to intervention design, of which three employed a middle-range theory only. Some studies demonstrated a longitudinal impact on outcomes, however, there is insufficient evidence to draw broad conclusions from this. Further research is needed to better develop interventions to support those with a pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 throughout their coping experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soraya Matthews
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - AnnMarie Groarke
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jenny McSharry
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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2
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Lombardi L, Bramanti SM, Babore A, Stuppia L, Trumello C, Antonucci I, Cavallo A. Psychological aspects, risk and protective factors related to BRCA genetic testing: a review of the literature. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:3647-3656. [PMID: 31203511 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of short-, intermediate- and long-term psychological effects, such as anxiety, depression and distress, on individuals undergoing genetic testing to determine BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation. The different instruments used for the measurement of each construct were reported. In addition, risk and protective factors associated with psychological outcomes of genetic tests were explored. METHODS Bibliographic databases were searched for studies published over the period 1998-2018. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, 21 articles were selected for the current review. RESULTS Overall, the collected data revealed rather diverse results, although most studies reported higher levels of distress, anxiety and depression in carriers, as compared to non-carriers. The two genders were not equally represented, with men constituting only 6% of the sample. Risk factors and protective factors that may influence psychological outcomes and adjustment to genetic tests are highlighted and discussed in this review. CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of developing cancer associated with positive genetic testing results may be experienced as traumatic by many patients, although not all individuals with positive genetic testing results will experience increased distress. Hence, future studies should consider specific risk factors in order to select those who are more likely to be in need of psychological support. Finally, it is necessary to increase the number of male samples to better understand the male experience related to genetic testing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Lombardi
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sonia M Bramanti
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Babore
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmen Trumello
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cavallo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Racial/Ethnic Disparities in BRCA Counseling and Testing: a Narrative Review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2019; 6:570-583. [DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-00556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Wilkes MS, Day FC, Fancher TL, McDermott H, Lehman E, Bell RA, Green MJ. Increasing confidence and changing behaviors in primary care providers engaged in genetic counselling. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 17:163. [PMID: 28903733 PMCID: PMC5598050 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-017-0982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening and counseling for genetic conditions is an increasingly important part of primary care practice, particularly given the paucity of genetic counselors in the United States. However, primary care physicians (PCPs) often have an inadequate understanding of evidence-based screening; communication approaches that encourage shared decision-making; ethical, legal, and social implication (ELSI) issues related to screening for genetic mutations; and the basics of clinical genetics. This study explored whether an interactive, web-based genetics curriculum directed at PCPs in non-academic primary care settings was superior at changing practice knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors when compared to a traditional educational approach, particularly when discussing common genetic conditions. METHODS One hundred twenty one PCPs in California and Pennsylvania physician practices were randomized to either an Intervention Group (IG) or Control Group (CG). IG physicians completed a 6 h interactive web-based curriculum covering communication skills, basics of genetic testing, risk assessment, ELSI issues and practice behaviors. CG physicians were provided with a traditional approach to Continuing Medical Education (CME) (clinical review articles) offering equivalent information. RESULTS PCPs in the Intervention Group showed greater increases in knowledge compared to the Control Group. Intervention PCPs were also more satisfied with the educational materials, and more confident in their genetics knowledge and skills compared to those receiving traditional CME materials. Intervention PCPs felt that the web-based curriculum covered medical management, genetics, and ELSI issues significantly better than did the Control Group, and in comparison with traditional curricula. The Intervention Group felt the online tools offered several advantages, and engaged in better shared decision making with standardized patients, however, there was no difference in behavior change between groups with regard to increases in ELSI discussions between PCPs and patients. CONCLUSION While our intervention was deemed more enjoyable, demonstrated significant factual learning and retention, and increased shared decision making practices, there were few differences in behavior changes around ELSI discussions. Unfortunately, barriers to implementing behavior change in clinical genetics is not unique to our intervention. Perhaps the missing element is that busy physicians need systems-level support to engage in meaningful discussions around genetics issues. The next step in promoting active engagement between doctors and patients may be to put into place the tools needed for PCPs to easily access the materials they need at the point-of-care to engage in joint discussions around clinical genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Wilkes
- School of Medicine, Office of the Dean, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Frank C Day
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tonya L Fancher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Haley McDermott
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Erik Lehman
- Departments of Humanities and Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Robert A Bell
- Department of Communication, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Michael J Green
- Departments of Humanities and Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
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Peshkin BN, Kelly S, Nusbaum RH, Similuk M, DeMarco TA, Hooker GW, Valdimarsdottir HB, Forman AD, Joines JR, Davis C, McCormick SR, McKinnon W, Graves KD, Isaacs C, Garber J, Wood M, Jandorf L, Schwartz MD. Patient Perceptions of Telephone vs. In-Person BRCA1/BRCA2 Genetic Counseling. J Genet Couns 2016; 25:472-82. [PMID: 26455498 PMCID: PMC4829475 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-015-9897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Telephone genetic counseling (TC) for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer risk has been associated with positive outcomes in high risk women. However, little is known about how patients perceive TC. As part of a randomized trial of TC versus usual care (UC; in-person genetic counseling), we compared high risk women's perceptions of: (1) overall satisfaction with genetic counseling; (2) convenience; (3) attentiveness during the session; (4) counselor effectiveness in providing support; and (5) counselor ability to recognize emotional responses during the session. Among the 554 participants (TC, N = 272; UC, N = 282), delivery mode was not associated with self-reported satisfaction. However, TC participants found counseling significantly more convenient than UC participants (OR = 4.78, 95 % CI = 3.32, 6.89) while also perceiving lower levels of support (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI = 0.40-0.80) and emotional recognition (OR = 0.53, 95 % CI = 0.37-0.76). In exploratory analyses, we found that non-Hispanic white participants reported higher counselor support in UC than in TC (69.4 % vs. 52.8 %; OR = 3.06, 95 % CI = 1.39-6.74), while minority women perceived less support in UC vs. TC (58.3 % vs. 38.7 %; OR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.39-1.65). We discuss potential research and practice implications of these findings which may further improve the effectiveness and utilization of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth N Peshkin
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Jess and Mildred Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, Georgetown University, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Scott Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Morgan Similuk
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffani A DeMarco
- Cancer Genetic Counseling Program, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | | | - Heiddis B Valdimarsdottir
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, Reyjavik University, Reyjavik, Iceland
| | - Andrea D Forman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Risk Assessment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Rispoli Joines
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claire Davis
- Joan H. Marks Graduate Program in Human Genetics, Sarah Lawrence College, Yonkers, NY, USA
| | - Shelley R McCormick
- Center for Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy McKinnon
- Familial Cancer Program, University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kristi D Graves
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Jess and Mildred Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, Georgetown University, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Jess and Mildred Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, Georgetown University, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Center for Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie Wood
- Familial Cancer Program, University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Lina Jandorf
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc D Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Jess and Mildred Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, Georgetown University, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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Ringwald J, Wochnowski C, Bosse K, Giel KE, Schäffeler N, Zipfel S, Teufel M. Psychological Distress, Anxiety, and Depression of Cancer-Affected BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers: a Systematic Review. J Genet Couns 2016; 25:880-91. [PMID: 27074860 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-016-9949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the intermediate- and long-term psychological consequences of genetic testing for cancer patients has led to encouraging research, but a clear consensus of the psychosocial impact and clinical routine for cancer-affected BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers is still missing. We performed a systematic review of intermediate- and long-term studies investigating the psychological impact like psychological distress, anxiety, and depression in cancer-affected BRCA mutation carriers compared to unaffected mutation carriers. This review included the screening of 1243 studies. Eight intermediate- and long-term studies focusing on distress, anxiety, and depression symptoms among cancer-affected mutation carriers at least six months after the disclosure of genetic testing results were included. Studies reported a great variety of designs, methods, and patient outcomes. We found evidence indicating that cancer-affected mutation carriers experienced a negative effect in relation to psychological well-being in terms of an increase in symptoms of distress, anxiety, and depression in the first months after test disclosure. In the intermediate- and long-term, no significant clinical relevant symptoms occurred. However, none of the included studies used specific measurements, which can clearly identify psychological burdens of cancer-affected mutation carriers. We concluded that current well-implemented distress screening instruments are not sufficient for precisely identifying the psychological burden of genetic testing. Therefore, future studies should implement coping strategies, specific personality structures, the impact of genetic testing, supportive care needs and disease management behaviour to clearly screen for the possible intermediate- and long-term psychological impact of a positive test disclosure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ringwald
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Christina Wochnowski
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kristin Bosse
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Schäffeler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Similuk MN, Wang A, Lenardo MJ, Erby LH. Life with a Primary Immune Deficiency: a Systematic Synthesis of the Literature and Proposed Research Agenda. J Clin Immunol 2016; 36:123-33. [PMID: 26873708 PMCID: PMC11090044 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical immunology literature is punctuated with research on psychosocial dimensions of illness. Studies investigating the lived experiences and stated needs of patients with primary immune deficiencies and their families are essential to improving clinical management and determining the research questions that matter to patients and other stakeholders. Yet, to move the field forward, a systematic review of literature and proposed agenda is needed. METHODS A systematic review was conducted via PubMed and Scopus to include original research on psychological, social, or behavioral aspects of primary immune deficiencies published between 1999 and 2015. A Title/Abstract keyword search was conducted, 317 candidate article abstracts were manually reviewed, and forward/backward reference searches were completed. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. These illuminate the complex psychological, social, and emotional experiences of primary immune deficiency. Themes included the potential for negative psychosocial impact from disease; adaptation over time; the multi-dimensional assessments of quality of life; familial impact; the important roles of hope, developing a sense of control, social support; and addressing anxiety/depression in our patients and their families. Methodological considerations and areas for improvement are discussed. CONCLUSION We propose the research agenda focus on study creativity and rigor, with improved engagement with existing literature and critical study design (e.g., methodology with adequate statistical power, careful variable selection, etc.). This review highlights opportunities to advance psychosocial research and bring a brighter future to clinicians, researchers, and families affected by primary immune deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan N Similuk
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 12C103, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Angela Wang
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 12C103, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lori H Erby
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Flippo-Morton T, Walsh K, Chambers K, Amacker-North L, White B, Sarantou T, Boselli DM, White RL. Surgical Decision Making in the BRCA-Positive Population: Institutional Experience and Comparison with Recent Literature. Breast J 2015; 22:35-44. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Flippo-Morton
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Kendall Walsh
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Karinn Chambers
- Department of Surgery; Cornerstone Breast Care; High Point North Carolina
| | - Lisa Amacker-North
- Clinical Genetics Program; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Brook White
- Clinical Genetics Program; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Terry Sarantou
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Danielle M. Boselli
- Department of Cancer Biostatistics; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas HealthCare System; Charlotte North Carolina
| | - Richard L. White
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Levine Cancer Institute; Carolinas Medical Center; Charlotte North Carolina
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McGregor BA, Dolan ED, Murphy KM, Sannes TS, Highland KB, Albano DL, Ward AA, Charbonneau AM, Redman MW, Ceballos RM. Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management for Healthy Women at Risk for Breast Cancer: a Novel Application of a Proven Intervention. Ann Behav Med 2015; 49:873-84. [PMID: 26290001 PMCID: PMC4739817 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-015-9726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women at risk for breast cancer report elevated psychological distress, which has been adversely associated with cancer-relevant behaviors and biology. PURPOSE The present study sought to examine the effects of a 10-week cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) group intervention on distress among women with a family history of breast cancer. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to CBSM (N = 82) or a wait-list comparison group (N = 76). Baseline to postintervention effects of CBSM on depressive symptoms and perceived stress were examined using hierarchical regression. RESULTS CBSM participants reported significantly lower posttreatment depressive symptoms (β = -0.17, p < 0.05) and perceived stress (β = -0.23, p < 0.05) than wait-list comparison participants. Additionally, greater relaxation practice predicted lower distress. CONCLUSIONS Group-based CBSM intervention is feasible and can reduce psychological distress among women with a family history of breast cancer. The present findings represent an encouraging avenue for the future application of CBSM. ( Clinicaltrials.gov number NCT00121160).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie A McGregor
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Emily D Dolan
- Shelter Research and Development, American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karly M Murphy
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Timothy S Sannes
- Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Denise L Albano
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alison A Ward
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anna M Charbonneau
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Mary W Redman
- Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Rachel M Ceballos
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-B232, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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10
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Bell RA, McDermott H, Fancher TL, Green MJ, Day FC, Wilkes MS. Impact of a randomized controlled educational trial to improve physician practice behaviors around screening for inherited breast cancer. J Gen Intern Med 2015; 30:334-41. [PMID: 25451990 PMCID: PMC4351290 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-014-3113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many primary care physicians (PCPs) are ill-equipped to provide screening and counseling for inherited breast cancer. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of an interactive web-based genetics curriculum versus text curriculum for primary care physicians. DESIGN Randomized two-group design. PARTICIPANTS 121 California and Pennsylvania community physicians. INTERVENTION Web-based interactive genetics curriculum, evaluated against a control group of physicians who studied genetics review articles. After education, physicians interacted with an announced standardized patient (SP) at risk for inherited breast cancer. MAIN MEASURES Transcripts of visit discussions were coded for presence or absence of 69 topics relevant to inherited breast cancer. KEY RESULTS Across all physicians, history-taking, discussions of test result implications, and exploration of ethical and legal issues were incomplete. Approximately half of physicians offered a genetic counseling referral (54.6%), and fewer (43.8%) recommended testing. Intervention physicians were more likely than controls to explore genetic counseling benefits (78.3% versus 60.7%, P = 0.048), encourage genetic counseling before testing (38.3% versus 21.3%, P = 0.048), ask about a family history of prostate cancer (25.0% versus 6.6%, P = 0.006), and report that a positive result indicated an increased risk of prostate cancer for male relatives (20.0% versus 1.6%, P = 0.001). Intervention-group physicians were less likely than controls to ask about Ashkenazi heritage (13.3% versus 34.4%, P = 0.01) or to reply that they would get tested when asked, "What would you do?" (33.3% versus 54.1%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Physicians infrequently performed key counseling behaviors, and this was true regardless of whether they had completed the web-based interactive training or read clinical reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Bell
- Department of Communication, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
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Disparities in uptake of BRCA1/2 genetic testing in a randomized trial of telephone counseling. Genet Med 2014; 17:467-75. [PMID: 25232856 PMCID: PMC4364924 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2014.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose As genetic counseling and testing become more fully-integrated into clinical care, alternative delivery models are increasingly prominent. This study examines predictors of genetic testing for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer among high-risk women in a randomized trial of in-person vs. telephone-based genetic counseling. Methods Methods include multivariable logistic regression and interaction analyses. Results Of the 669 participants, 600 completed counseling and 523 received test results. As previously reported, participants randomized to telephone counseling were significantly less likely to be tested. In intention to treat analyses, completion of counseling and testing was associated with: race/ethnicity (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.20-3.20), , perceived stress (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.98, knowledge (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23), and randomization group (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.01-2.16).. Further, race/ethnicity moderated the association between randomization group and testing, where minority women receiving telephone counseling were least likely to complete testing. Conclusion Evidence for logistical and communication-based explanations for this interaction are presented. The overall increased access made possible with telephone genetic counseling should be considered in light of the possibility that this may also lead to lower rates of testing among high-risk minority women. Additional care should be taken to assess and address potential barriers when services are delivered by phone.
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O'Neill SC, Mays D, Patenaude AF, Garber JE, DeMarco TA, Peshkin BN, Schneider KA, Tercyak KP. Women's concerns about the emotional impact of awareness of heritable breast cancer risk and its implications for their children. J Community Genet 2014; 6:55-62. [PMID: 25099078 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-014-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Women tested for mutations in BRCA1/2 genes who have minor-aged children confront difficult decisions about if, when, and how to share information about hereditary cancer risk with their children. These choices are often seemingly influenced by how mothers anticipate the emotional burdens they and their children will experience in response to test results. Here, we investigate the association between maternal cognitions, pretest psychological well-being, and coping style with mothers' anticipated emotional reactions to learning that they are BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (N = 205). In a linear regression model adjusted for maternal demographics, stronger tendencies to ruminate about information (B = .14, p = .03), greater psychological strain (B = .14, p < .001), and poorer appraisals of one's ability to cope with genetic test results conveying increased breast cancer risk information (B = -.25, p < .001) were significantly associated with anticipating more negative affect surrounding BRCA1/2 mutation identification in mothers. Our data contribute to the growing awareness of special concerns that mothers have about knowing their BRCA1/2 mutation status and highlight the need for more tailored patient education and counseling resources to improve outcomes among women at risk and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne C O'Neill
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA,
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