Optimization, Characterization and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Eryngium bungei Boiss. Hydro-Alcoholic Extract

Euphorbia royleana Boiss Derived Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications as a Nanotherapeutic Agent to Control Microbial and Oxidative Stress-Originated Diseases

Nanotechnology is one of the most advance and multidisciplinary fields. Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. The use of plants and their extracts is one of the most valuable methods towards rapid and single-step protocol preparation for various nanoparticles, keeping intact "the green principles" over the conventional ones and proving their dominance for medicinal importance. A facile and eco-friendly technique for synthesizing silver nanoparticles has been developed by using the latex of Euphorbia royleana as a bio-reductant for reducing Ag+ ions in an aqueous solution. Various characterization techniques were employed to validate the morphology, structure, and size of nanoparticles via UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDS. FTIR spectroscopy validates different functional groups associated with biomolecules stabilizing/capping the silver nanoparticles, while SEM and XRD revealed spherical nanocrystals with FCC geometry. The results revealed that latex extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (LER-AgNPs) exhibited promising antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains (Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus viridians). Both latex of E. royleana and LER-AgNPs were found to be potent in scavenging DPPH free radicals with respective EC50s and EC70s as 0.267% and 0.518% and 0.287% and 0.686%. ROSs produced in the body damage tissue and cause inflammation in oxidative stress-originated diseases. H2O2 and OH* scavenging activity increased with increasing concentrations (20-100 μg/mL) of LER-AgNPs. Significant reestablishment of ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin serum levels was observed in mice intoxicated with acetaminophen (PCM), revealing promising hepatoprotective efficacy of LER-AgNPs in a dose-dependent manner.

Anti-Leukemia Activity of Au/CuO/ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized used Verbena officinalis Extract

As biological synthesis has become an alternative to chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanoparticles, this work describes the synthesis of Au/CuO/ZnO nanoparticles using Verbena officinalis extract. The synthesized Au/CuO/ZnO nanoparticles were characterized using Ultraviolet–Visible, Fourier Transform-Infrared, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy. The influence of Au/CuO/ZnO nanoparticles on cell viability was evaluated in vitro, using the established cell line – Jurkat (ATCC® TIB-152™). The Annexin V binding test confirmed the previous results of the MTT assay, which indicate that the studied complex of Au/CuO/ZnO nanoparticles has a strong cytotoxic effect on the Jurkat cell line. The type of death and the effectiveness of cell elimination depended both on the concentration of the complex and the duration of culture.