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Shi Y, Yang W, Tang X, Yan Q, Cai X, Wu F. Keshan Disease: A Potentially Fatal Endemic Cardiomyopathy in Remote Mountains of China. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:576916. [PMID: 33768083 PMCID: PMC7985175 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.576916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keshan disease (KD) as an endemic, highly lethal cardiomyopathy, first reported in northeast China's Keshan County in 1935. The clinical manifestations of patients with KD include primarily congestive heart failure, acute heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmia. Even though some possible etiologies, such as viral infection, fungal infection, microelement deficiency, and malnutrition, have been reported, the exact causes of KD remain poorly known. The endemic areas where KD is found are remote and rural, and many are poor and mountainous places where people are the most socioeconomically disadvantaged in terms of housing, income, education, transportation, and utilization of health services. To date, KD is a huge burden to and severely restricts the economic development of the local residents and health systems of the endemic areas. Although efforts have been made by the government to control, treat, and interrupt disease transmission, the cure for or complete eradication of KD still requires global attention. For this reason, in this review, we systematically describe the etiological hypothesis, clinical manifestations, incidence characteristics, and treatment of KD, to facilitate the better understanding of and draw more attention to this non-representative cardiovascular disease, with the aim of accelerating its elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Physical Examination, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianwen Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quanhao Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojing Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fenfang Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Li Z, Wei J, Zhang Y, Li G, Zhu H, Lei N, He Q, Geng Y, Zhu J. Risk factors for Keshan disease: a prospective cohort study protocol of gut flora. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:481. [PMID: 33176699 PMCID: PMC7661207 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keshan disease is an endemic cardiomyopathy of undefined causes. Being involved in the unclear pathogenesis of Keshan disease, a clear diagnosis, and effective treatment cannot be initiated. However, the rapid development of gut flora in cardiovascular disease combined with omics and big data platforms may promote the discovery of new diagnostic markers and provide new therapeutic options. This study aims to identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis and further explore new therapeutic targets for Keshan disease. METHODS This cohort study consists of two parts. Though the first part includes 300 participants, however, recruiting will be continued for the eligible participants. After rigorous screening, the blood samples, stools, electrocardiograms, and ultrasonic cardiogram data would be collected from participants to elucidate the relationship between gut flora and host. The second part includes a prospective follow-up study for every 6 months within 2 years. Finally, deep mining of big data and rapid machine learning will be employed to analyze the baseline data, experimental data, and clinical data to seek out the new biomarkers to predict the pathogenesis of Keshan disease. DISCUSSION Our study will clarify the distribution of gut flora in patients with Keshan disease and the abundance and population changes of gut flora in different stages of the disease. Through the big data platform analyze the relationship between environmental factors, clinical factors, and gut flora, the main factors affecting the occurrence of Keshan disease were identified, and the changed molecular pathways of gut flora were predicted. Finally, the specific gut flora and molecular pathways affecting Keshan disease were identified by metagenomics combined with metabonomic analysis. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR1900026639. Registered on 16 October 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaopeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Huange Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Provincerovince, 5 Jianqiang Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
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Liu H, Yu F, Shao W, Ding D, Yu Z, Chen F, Geng D, Tan X, Lammi MJ, Guo X. Associations Between Selenium Content in Hair and Kashin-Beck Disease/Keshan Disease in Children in Northwestern China: a Prospective Cohort Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:16-23. [PMID: 28983831 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between selenium content in hair and the incidence of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and Keshan disease (KD) in China. A prospective cohort study was conducted among children aged 5-12 years with different levels of low-selenium (group 1, Se ≤ 110 ng/g; group 2, 110 < Se ≤ 150 ng/g; and group 3, 150 < Se ≤ 200 ng/g) or selenium-supplemented (group 4, Se > 200 ng/g) exposure. A person-years approach was used to calculate the incidence and rate of positive clinical signs. Relative risk (RR), attributable risk, and etiologic fraction were used to determine the strength of association between selenium and disease incidence. Seven new KBD cases were diagnosed during 3-year follow-up. Positive clinical signs of KBD were found in 17.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.27-21.29) cases per 100 person-years in group 1, 13.28 (9.82-16.74) in group 2, 12.95 (9.34-16.56) in group 3, and 8.18 (5.50-10.85) in group 4. Compared with group 4, the RR (95% CI) of groups 1, 2, and 3 were 2.17 (1.48-3.19), 1.62 (1.07-2.47), and 1.58 (1.03-2.43), respectively. Positive clinical signs of KD were 25.90 (18.62-33.18) cases per 100 person-years in group 1, 5.66 (1.26-10.06) in group 2, 4.60 (0.20-9.00) in group 3, and 14.62 (8.54-20.69) in group 4. Compared with group 4, the RR (95% CI) were 1.77 (1.07-2.93), 0.39 (0.16-0.93), and 0.31 (0.11-0.89), respectively. In children, the onset of KBD was negatively correlated with selenium content within a certain range. However, there may be a U-shaped association between selenium content and KD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanzhen Shao
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiu Ding
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidao Yu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshi Chen
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Geng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwang Tan
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Y, Gao C, Wang X, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Jia J. Serum quantitative proteomic analysis of patients with keshan disease based on iTRAQ labeling technique: A first term study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:331-338. [PMID: 28965596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Keshan disease (KD), an endemic myocardiopathy, with unknown etiology, is still threatening human health. Proteomics studies of Keshan disease is rarely known. In the current study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS) was firstly used to screen for the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in serum between Keshan disease and healthy residents in endemic area. 27 differentially expressed proteins were quantified, 9 of which were significantly altered (fold change > 1.2 or < 0.8) between the two groups. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that a wide variety of biology process played roles in KD pathophysiology. These differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in complement coagulation pathways. A significant high serum level of LGALS3BP were observed. Our first term study in KD proteomics provided new view into the molecular mechanisms of KD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuXiao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan,450003, PR China
| | - ChuanYu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan,450003, PR China.
| | - XianQing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan,450003, PR China
| | - YiQiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Seventh People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450016, PR China
| | - YuHao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan,450003, PR China
| | - JunGe Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Seventh People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450016, PR China
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Sun Y, Gao C, Wang X, Liu Y. Preliminary quantitative proteomics analysis in chronic and latent Keshan disease by iTRAQ labeling approach. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105761-105774. [PMID: 29285290 PMCID: PMC5739677 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Keshan disease is a congestive cardiomyopathy. Dietary selenium deficiency combined with additional stressors are recognized to cause the cardiomyopathies. In this study, clinical condition of individuals with different subtypes including chronic and latent were analyzed. ECG abnormalities, chest radiography, echocardiography and blood selenium concentration were assessed. Subsequently, in effort to uncover proteins that were reliably changed in patients, isobaric tags for absolute and relative quantitation technology was applied. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed proteins were performed by means of Gene Ontology classification, KEGG pathway, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. ELISA experiment was used to detect the interesting proteins. As a result, chronic patients showed more EGC abnormalities compared to Latent. All patients had low blood selenium level. Proteomics data revealed 28 differentially expressed proteins. By ELISA variation, LGALS3BP was increased in chronic patients. PZP was elevated specially in latent patients. The above results might be beneficial for further biomarkers discovery and Keshan disease pathological mechanism study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China.,Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China
| | - Chuanyu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China.,Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China.,Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China.,Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, PR China
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Zhao Y, Liu YN, Li Y, Tian L, Ye X, Cui H, Chang XH. Identification of biomarkers for endometriosis using clinical proteomics. Chin Med J (Engl) 2015; 128:520-7. [PMID: 25673457 PMCID: PMC4836258 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.151108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated possible biomarkers for endometriosis (EM) using the ClinProt technique and proteomics methods. Methods: We enrolled 50 patients with EM, 34 with benign ovarian neoplasms and 40 healthy volunteers in this study. Serum proteomic spectra were generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) combined with weak cationic exchange (WCX) magnetic beads. Possible biomarkers were analyzed by a random and repeat pattern model-validation method that we designed, and ClinProtools software, results were refined using online liquid chromatography-tandem MS. Results: We found a cluster of 5 peptides (4210, 5264, 2660, 5635, and 5904 Da), using 3 peptides (4210, 5904, 2660 Da) to discriminate EM patients from healthy volunteers, with 96.67% sensitivity and 100% specificity. We selected 4210 and 5904 m/z, which differed most between patients with EM and controls, and identified them as fragments of ATP1B4, and the fibrinogen alpha (FGA) isoform 1/2 of the FGA chain precursor, respectively. Conclusions: ClinProt can identify EM biomarkers, which – most notably – distinguish even early-stage or minimal disease. We found 5 stable peaks at 4210, 5264, 2660, 5635, and 5904 Da as potential EM biomarkers, the strongest of which were associated with ATP1B4 (4210 Da) and FGA (5904 Da); this indicates that ATP1B4 and FGA are associated with EM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Hong Chang
- Gynecology Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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