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Huang X, Jiang J, Shen J, Xu Z, Gu F, Pei J, Zhang L, Tang P, Yin P. The Influences of Cryopreservation Methods on RNA, Protein, Microstructure and Cell Viability of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Biopreserv Biobank 2024; 22:225-234. [PMID: 37594856 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2023.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Different experiments require different sample storage methods. The commonly used preservation methods in biobank practice cannot fully meet the multifarious requirements of experimental techniques. Programmable controlled slow freezing (PCSF) can maintain the viability of tissue. In this study, we hypothesized that PCSF-preserved samples have potential advantages in matching subsequent experiments compared with existing methods. Methods: We compared the differences on skeletal muscle tissue RNA integrity, protein integrity, microstructure integrity, and cell viability between four existing cryopreservation methods: liquid nitrogen (LN2) snap-freezing, LN2-cooled isopentane snap-freezing, RNAlater®-based freezing, and PCSF. RNA integrity was evaluated using agarose gel electrophoresis and RNA integrity number. Freezing-related microstructural damage in the muscle tissue was evaluated using ice crystal diameter and muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Protein integrity was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. Cell viability was evaluated using trypan blue staining after primary muscle cell isolation. Results: PCSF preserved RNA integrity better than LN2 and isopentane, with a statistically significant difference. RNAlater preserved RNA integrity best. PCSF best controlled ice crystal size in myofibers, with a significant difference compared with LN2. The PCSF method best preserved the integrity of protein epitopes according to the mean fluorescence intensity results, with a significant difference. Cell viability was best preserved in the PCSF method compared with the other three methods, with a significant difference. Conclusion: PCSF protected the RNA integrity, microstructural integrity, protein integrity, and cell viability of skeletal muscle tissue. The application of PCSF in biobank practice is recommended as a multi-experiment-compatible cryopreservation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Clinical Biobank Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyan Gu
- Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Clinical Biobank Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlian Pei
- Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Clinical Biobank Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Philp LK. Patient-Derived Xenograft Models for Translational Prostate Cancer Research and Drug Development. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2806:153-185. [PMID: 38676802 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3858-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are a valuable preclinical research platform generated through transplantation of a patient's resected tumor into an immunodeficient or humanized mouse. PDXs serve as a high-fidelity avatar for both precision medicine and therapeutic testing against the cancer patient's disease state. While PDXs show mixed response to initial establishment, those that successfully engraft and can be sustained with serial passaging form a useful tool for basic and translational prostate cancer (PCa) research. While genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and human cancer cell lines, and their xenografts, each play beneficial roles in discovery science and initial drug screening, PDX tumors are emerging as the gold standard approach for therapeutic proof-of-concept prior to entering clinical trial. PDXs are a powerful platform, with PCa PDXs shown to represent the original patient tumor cell population and architecture, histopathology, genomic and transcriptomic landscape, and heterogeneity. Furthermore, PDX response to anticancer drugs in mice has been closely correlated to the original patient's susceptibility to these treatments in the clinic. Several PDXs have been established and have undergone critical in-depth characterization at the cellular and molecular level across multiple PCa tumor subtypes representing both primary and metastatic patient tumors and their inherent levels of androgen responsiveness and/or treatment resistance, including androgen-sensitive, castration resistant, and neuroendocrine PCa. Multiple PDX networks and repositories have been generated for the collaborative and shared use of these vital translational cancer tools. Here we describe the creation of a PDX maintenance colony from an established well-characterized PDX, best practice for PDX maintenance in mice, and their subsequent application in preclinical drug testing. This chapter aims to serve as a go to resource for the preparation and adoption of PCa PDX models in the research laboratory and for their use as a valuable preclinical platform for translational research and therapeutic agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kate Philp
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Hamutoğlu R, Bulut HE, Kaloğlu C, Önder O, Dağdeviren T, Aydemir MN, Korkmaz EM. The regulation of trophoblast invasion and decidual reaction by matrix metalloproteinase-2, metalloproteinase-7, and metalloproteinase-9 expressions in the rat endometrium. Reprod Med Biol 2020; 19:385-397. [PMID: 33071641 PMCID: PMC7542015 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate how matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate the trophoblast invasion and placentation. METHODS Female rats were divided into the estrous cycle and early pregnancy day groups. Obtained uterine tissues and implantation sites were processed for immunofluorescence and real-time PCR examinations. RESULTS The mRNA expression of MMP-7 was higher than MMP-2 and MMP-9. Immunofluorescence findings confirmed that MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 were localized in the endometrial stroma, while MMP-7 was high in glandular and lining epithelial cells throughout the entire estrous cycle. However, their immunolocalizations and mRNA expressions were dramatically changed with the early pregnancy days. The MMP-7 reached very strong immunostaining in the giant trophoblast cells (GTCs), and the cytoplasm of mature and differentiating decidual cells, whereas MMP-2 and MMP-9 were mostly seen in the primary decidual zone (PDZ), GTCs, and the endothelium of blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS All three MMPs seemed likely to be a key mediator of trophoblast invasion into the decidual region as well as angiogenesis during the placentation process. Due to the strong and wide expression of MMP-7 in the mature decidua, it could be suggested that MMP-7 is important for decidual ECM remodeling and it might be used as a new marker of decidual reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasim Hamutoğlu
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Hüseyin Eray Bulut
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Celal Kaloğlu
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
- Cumhuriyet University Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) CenterSivasTurkey
| | - Ozan Önder
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Tuğba Dağdeviren
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Merve Nur Aydemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsFaculty of ScienceCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Ertan Mahir Korkmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsFaculty of ScienceCumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
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Kaloğlu C, Bulut HE, Hamutoğlu R, Korkmaz EM, Önder O, Dağdeviren T, Aydemir MN. Wingless ligands and beta-catenin expression in the rat endometrium: The role of Wnt3 and Wnt7a/beta-catenin pathway at the embryo-uterine interface. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:1159-1172. [PMID: 32949181 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling may play an essential role in endometrial decidualization, placentation, and the establishment of pregnancy. We investigate here the possible roles, immunolocalizations, and synthesis of the Wnt3, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin proteins in the rat endometrium during the estrous cycle and early postimplantation period. Wnt3 and Wnt7a had a similar localization and dynamic expression relative to the endometrial stages. Wnt7a immunostaining was not limited only to the luminal epithelial cells, but also to strong stainings in the stromal and endothelial cells. Wnt3, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin were highly synthesized and colocalized at the trophoblast-decidual interface; and were more obvious in the primary decidual zone, the GTCs, and the ectoplacental cone. Beta-catenin was strongly localized at the borders of the mature decidual cells; however, Wnt3 and Wnt7a immunolocalizations were decreased in those cells. As such, the immunolocalization of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin shifted with decidualization and placentation. The expression level of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin messenger RNAs increased in early pregnancy, and especially between Days 8.5 and 9.5. The dramatic changes in the expression of Wnt3, Wnt7a, and beta-catenin observed during the early days of pregnancy and the estrous cycle may indicate their roles in decidualization, stromal cell proliferation, and trophoblast invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Kaloğlu
- Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) Center, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin E Bulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Rasim Hamutoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ertan M Korkmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ozan Önder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Dağdeviren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Merve N Aydemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas-Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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