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Ferreyra-Suarez D, Paredes-Vargas L, Jafari SM, García-Depraect O, Castro-Muñoz R. Extraction pathways and purification strategies towards carminic acid as natural-based food colorant: A comprehensive review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 323:103052. [PMID: 38086153 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
As a current trend of fabricating healthier products, food manufacturing companies seek for natural-based food colorant aiming to replace the synthetic ones, which apart from meeting sensorial and organoleptic aspects, they can also act as health promoters offering additional added value. Carminic acid is a natural based food colorant typically found in several insect taxa. However, there are current approaches which pursue the production of this natural pigment via biotechnological synthesis. To date, this colorant has been intensively applied in the manufacture of several food items. Unfortunately, one of the main limitations deals with the establishment of the right protocol of extraction and purification of this component since there is no report analyzing the main extraction techniques for obtaining carminic acid. Therefore, this review, for the first time, comprehensively analyzes the ongoing strategies and protocols proposed by scientists towards either extraction or purification of carminic acid from its origin source, and from biotechnological systems. Emphasis has been focused on the main findings dealing with extraction techniques and the relevant insights in the field. A detailed discussion is provided on the advantages and drawbacks of the reported extraction and purification methods, main solvents used and their key interactions with target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dante Ferreyra-Suarez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca. Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000 San Antonio Buenavista, 50110 Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Paredes-Vargas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada, Sur 2501 Sur, Tecnológico, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Octavio García-Depraect
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland.
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Wu X, Boulos S, Syryamina V, Nyström L, Yulikov M. Interaction of barley β-glucan with food dye molecules - An insight from pulse dipolar EPR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 309:120698. [PMID: 36906364 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between dietary fibers (DFs) and small molecules are of great interest to food chemistry and nutrition science. However, the corresponding interaction mechanisms and structural rearrangements of DFs at the molecular level are still opaque due to the usually weak binding and the lack of appropriate techniques to determine details of conformational distributions in such weakly organized systems. By combining our previously established methodology on stochastic spin-labelling of DFs with the appropriately revised set of pulse electron paramagnetic resonance techniques, we present here a toolkit to determine the interactions between DFs and small molecules, using barley β-glucan as an example for neutral DF and a selection of food dye molecules as examples for small molecules. The proposed here methodology allowed us to observe subtle conformational changes of β-glucan by detecting multiple details of the local environment of the spin labels. Substantial variations of binding propensities were detected for different food dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wu
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Samy Boulos
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Victoria Syryamina
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Laura Nyström
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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3
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Luo X, Zaitoon A, Lim LT. A review on colorimetric indicators for monitoring product freshness in intelligent food packaging: Indicator dyes, preparation methods, and applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2489-2519. [PMID: 35365965 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intelligent food packaging system exhibits enhanced communication function by providing dynamic product information to various stakeholders (e.g., consumers, retailers, distributors) in the supply chain. One example of intelligent packaging involves the use of colorimetric indicators, which when subjected to external stimuli (e.g., moisture, gas/vapor, electromagnetic radiation, temperature), display discernable color changes that can be correlated with real-time changes in product quality. This type of interactive packaging system allows continuous monitoring of product freshness during transportation, distribution, storage, and marketing phases. This review summarizes the colorimetric indicator technologies for intelligent packaging systems, emphasizing on the types of indicator dyes, preparation methods, applications in different food products, and future considerations. Both food and nonfood indicator materials integrated into various carriers (e.g., paper-based substrates, polymer films, electrospun fibers, and nanoparticles) with material properties optimized for specific applications are discussed, targeting perishable products, such as fresh meat and fishery products. Colorimetric indicators can supplement the traditional "Best Before" date label by providing real-time product quality information to the consumers and retailers, thereby not only ensuring product safety, but also promising in reducing food waste. Successful scale-up of these intelligent packaging technologies to the industrial level must consider issues related to regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, cost-effectiveness, and product compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Luo
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Amr Zaitoon
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Loong-Tak Lim
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Katelakha K, Nopponpunth V, Boonlue W, Laiwattanapaisal W. A Simple Distance Paper-Based Analytical Device for the Screening of Lead in Food Matrices. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:90. [PMID: 33809868 PMCID: PMC8004165 DOI: 10.3390/bios11030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid distance paper-based analytical device (dPAD) for the detection of lead (Pb) in foods is proposed herein. The assay principle is based on competitive binding between carminic acid (CA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) to Pb in a food sample. The paper channels were pre-immobilized with PEI, before reacting with a mixture of the sample and CA. Pb can strongly bind to the CA; hence, the length of the red color deposition on the flow channel decreased as a lower amount of free CA bound to PEI. The dPAD exhibited good linear correlation, with ranges of 5-100 µg·mL-1 (R2 = 0.974) of Pb. Although, the limit of detection (LOD) of this platform was rather high, at 12.3 µg·mL-1, a series of standard additions (8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 µg·mL-1) can be used to interpret the cutoff of Pb concentrations at higher or lower than 2 µg·mL-1. The presence of common metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, nickel, and zinc did not interfere with the color distance readout. The validity of the developed dPAD was demonstrated by its applicability to screen the contamination of Pb in century egg samples. The results obtained from the dPAD are in accordance with the concentration measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) (n = 9). In conclusion, this proposed dPAD, combined with the standard addition method, could be applied for screening Pb contamination in food matrices. This platform is, therefore, potentially applicable for field measurements of Pb in developing countries, because it is cheap and rapid, and it requires no significant laborious instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasinee Katelakha
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Vanida Nopponpunth
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Watcharee Boonlue
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanida Laiwattanapaisal
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Biosensors and Bioanalytical Technology for Cells and Innovative Testing Device Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Liu Q, He Z, Zeng M, Qin F, Wang Z, Liu G, Chen J. Effects of different food ingredients on the color and absorption spectrum of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:36-43. [PMID: 33473268 PMCID: PMC7802532 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, three foodstuffs (surimi, minced meat, and milk) were dyed with carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake. The effects of protein, metal ions, and food additives on the color of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake were investigated. After being dyed by carminic acid, the colors of surimi, minced meat, and milk were light purple, red, and gray-green, respectively. When using carminic aluminum lake, surimi and milk were magenta, and minced meat was red. Regarding the carminic acid solution, the presence of myofibrillar protein (MFP), whey protein isolate (WPI), and soy protein isolate (SPI) turned it red by changing the pH, while the presence of casein made it orange. The carminic aluminum lake solution turned magenta in all four cases, which were not affected by protein. The color of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake was significantly affected by 0.001-0.1 mol/L Fe3+, 0.001-0.1 mol/L Fe2+, 0.001-0.1 mol/L Cu2+, and 0.1 mol/L Ca2+, limiting their application in iron-, copper-, and high-calcium foods. The color of carminic acid was changed to yellow by 0.01%-1% sodium nitrite, but 0.01%-1% ascorbic acid and 0.01%-0.1% monascus color did not significantly affect the color of either carminic acid or carminic aluminum lake. This paper provides a reference for the application of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake in food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Guoping Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyWuxi People's HospitalWuxiChina
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
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Pirok BWJ, den Uijl MJ, Moro G, Berbers SVJ, Croes CJM, van Bommel MR, Schoenmakers PJ. Characterization of Dye Extracts from Historical Cultural-Heritage Objects Using State-of-the-Art Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry with Active Modulation and Optimized Shifting Gradients. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3062-3069. [PMID: 30650969 PMCID: PMC6383186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
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Unbiased characterization
of dyes and their degradation products
in cultural-heritage objects requires an analytical method which provides
universal separation power regardless of dye classes. Dyes are small
molecules that vary widely in chemical structure and properties, which
renders their characterization by a single method challenging. We
have developed a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography
method hyphenated with mass spectrometry and UV–vis detection.
We use stationary-phase-assisted modulation to enhance the method
in terms of detection limits and solvent compatibility and to reduce
the analysis time. The PIOTR program was used to optimize an assembly
of shifting second-dimension gradients, which resulted in a high degree
of orthogonality (80% in terms of the asterisk concept). The resulting
method is universally applicable to all classes of dyes extracted
from cultural-heritage objects. Thanks to the high peak capacity and
orthogonality, dye components can be separated from chemically similar
impurities and degradation products, providing a detailed fingerprint
of the dyes mixture in a specific sample. The method was applied to
a number of challenging dye extracts from 17th- and 19th-century cultural-heritage
objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob W J Pirok
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,TI-COAST , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Mimi J den Uijl
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Moro
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Sanne V J Berbers
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte J M Croes
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten R van Bommel
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Faculty of Humanities, Conservation, and Restoration of Cultural Heritage , University of Amsterdam , Johannes Vermeerplein 1 , 1071 DV , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Schoenmakers
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Analytical-Chemistry Group , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , 1098 XH , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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Nural Y. Synthesis, antimycobacterial activity, and acid dissociation constants of polyfunctionalized 3-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)thiazole-5-carbonyl]-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nural Y, Gemili M, Seferoglu N, Sahin E, Ulger M, Sari H. Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT studies, acid dissociation constant, and antimicrobial activity of methyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-7a-((4-chlorophenyl)carbamothioyl)-1-oxo-5,5-diphenyl-3-thioxo-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-e]imidazole-6-carboxylate. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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9
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Nural Y. Synthesis and Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants in Dimethyl Sulfoxide–Water Hydroorganic Solvent of 5,5-Diphenylpyrrolidine N-Aroylthiourea Derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.332034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gemili M, Sari H, Ulger M, Sahin E, Nural Y. Pt(II) and Ni(II) complexes of octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole N -benzoylthiourea derivatives: Synthesis, characterization, physical parameters and biological activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Jabbari M. Solvent dependence of protonation equilibria for gallic acid in water and different acetonitrile–water cosolvent systems. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Potentiometric and Theoretical Studies of (2Z, 3Z)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-2,3(4H)-dionedioxime with Some Divalent Transition Metal Ions. J SOLUTION CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-014-0176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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