Soluble aromatic polyamides containing pendant pentadecyl substituted methoxy phenyl unit

New fluorinated poly(pyridine amide)s derived from 2,6-bis(4-iodophenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine by C–N coupling reaction

2,6-Bis(4-iodophenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine, as a new aromatic diiodide compound, was synthesized through a one-pot protocol by the sequential diazotization-iodination of 2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine with KI/NaNO2/ p-TsOH in acetonitrile at room temperature. A number of new aromatic fluorinated poly(pyridine amide)s containing 2,6-diphenyl-4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine units were prepared via a Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 catalyzed carbonylation polymerization of this diiodide, diamines and carbon monoxide in DMAc in the presence of PPh3 and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]-7-undecene. These new polyamides with inherent viscosities of 0.63–0.72 dL/g were amorphous and easily soluble in amide type aprotic solvents such as NMP, DMAc, DMF and dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature. Thermal analysis data up to 800°C in nitrogen showed their high thermal behavior with 5% weight loss temperature of 428–498°C and char yield of 62–69%. Their limiting oxygen index of 42.3–45.1 showed that the resulting poly(pyridine amide)s could be classified as “self-extinguishing polymers”. Also, their thin films exhibited high optical transparency with a cut-off wavelength of 324–373 nm.

Synthesis and characterization of new aromatic copoly(ether amide)s bearing 4-trifluoromethylphenyl-2,6-diphenylpyridyl moieties in the main chain

A series of new aromatic fluorinated copoly(ether amide)s containing 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyridyl moiety with high molecular weight were prepared by a low-temperature solution polycondensation of terephthaloyl chloride with 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)pyridine and 1,4-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)benzene with various mole ratios of the two monomers ranged from 20/80 to 80/20. All polymers were amorphous and soluble in common organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide and tetrahydrofuran at room temperature or upon heating at 70oC, and could be solution cast into transparent, tough, and flexible films with tensile strengths of 66.9–80.2 MPa, tensile moduli of 1.84–2.03 GPa, and elongations at break of 11.8–20.7%. These new polyamides displayed good thermal stability with gradually increasing of glass temperatures of 259–285oC as an increase of the 4-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,6-diphenylpyridyl component, the temperature at 10% weight loss of 476–505oC, and the residue of 55–61% at 750oC in nitrogen. They also exhibited low dielectric constants of 3.11–3.38 (1 MHz), low moisture absorption in the range of 1.43–1.75%, and high transparency with an UV–vis absorption cut-off wavelength in the 350–368 nm range.

Synthesis of novel poly(arylene ether amide) containing aliphatic ring for optical property

In this work, the monomer N, N′-bis(4-fluorobenzamide)dicyclohexyl methane (BFDCM) was synthesized successfully by 4-fluorobenzoylchloride and 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane through interfacial reaction, and then the monomer BFDCM and 1,4-benzenediol (HQ) or 4.4′-biphenol (BH) were used to prepare the novel poly(arylene ether amide) (HQ-BFDCM and BH-BFDCM) containing an aliphatic ring in the main chain by nucleophilic substitution in NMP solution. These two polymers exhibited the inherent viscosities ranging from 0.828 to 1.044 dL g−1, high glass-transition temperatures (Tg) of 214.1–235.0 °C, and weight-loss temperature (T5%) of 425.2–441.3 °C. The polymers HQ-BFDCM and BH-BFDCM could completely or partly dissolve in some polar solutions, such as NMP, DMF, and so on, and they showed moderate corrosion resistance. Additionally, the obtained polymers HQ-BFDCM and BH-BFDCM exhibited good optical property, and the optical transmittances of HQ-BFDCM and BH-BFDCM were 74% and 80% at 450 nm, respectively, which showed that they could be applied to the heat-resistant optical films.

Processable poly(ether ether ketone imide)s

New aromatic poly(ether ether ketone imide)s, [PEEKimide]s, were synthesized successfully from 1,3-bis-4′-(4″-aminophenoxy benzoyl) benzene and various commercially available aromatic dianhydrides, such as pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (OPDA) and 4,4′-(hexafluro isoproylidene) diphthalic anhydride (HFDA), by two step polycondensation method. These PEEKimides were characterized by FT-IR, solubility in organic solvents, inherent viscosity, DSC, TGA and WXRD. Inherent viscosities of the precursor poly(ether ether ketone amic acid)s were in the range of 0.23–0.40 dl/g in DMF, indicating formation of moderate to high molecular weights. These poly(ether ether ketone imide)s showed good solubility in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and had glass transition temperatures in the range 245–279°C. Poly(ether ether ketone imide)s showed no weight loss below 280°C; temperatures for 10% weight loss (T10) were in the range of 406–483°C and char yields at 800°C were 17–34%, indicating their good thermal stability. All these poly(ether ether ketone imide)s were amorphous in nature, as per patterns of WXRD which exhibited diffuse broad halos at (2θ = 10–30°) and amorphous nature was reflected in polymer’s good solubility in common organic solvents.

Synthesis, characterization and properties of novel polyamides derived from 4 4' bis(4-carboxy methylene) biphenyl and various diamines

Novel aromatic aliphatic diacid monomer, 4 4ʹ bis(4-carboxy methylene) biphenyl was synthesized via friedel craft acylation with acetic anhydride followed by willgerodot reaction and used in the preparation of polyamides by direct polycondensation using the Yamazaki phosphorylation reaction with commercial aromatic diamines. These polyamides were obtained in good yield with moderate-to-high-molecular-weight build up as evidenced by inherent viscosities in the range of 0.52–0.96 dlg−1. The XRD studies showed that all the polyamides were amorphous in nature and these polymers dissolved in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),N,N-dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethyl acetamide. The resulting polyamides were characterized by inherent viscocity measurements, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, solubility, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction studies. These polyamides had glass transition temperatures between 210°C and 261°C, and their temperatures at a 10% weight loss were 620 to 710°C and 497 to 597°C in nitrogen and air atmospheres, respectively, which indicates thermally stable polymers.

Synthesis and characterization of semi-aromatic polyamides containing heterocyclic 1,3,5 s-triazine and methylene spacer group for thermally stable and colloidal property

A new aromatic diacid (II) was synthesized and Characterized by Spectroscopic techniques namely, FT-IR, ¹ H and ¹³ C NMR, etc. A series of aromatic aliphatic polyamides containing phenoxy s-triazine ring with methylene spacer group was synthesized from diacid (II) and various aromatic diamines by using Yamazaki Phosphorylation method. These polyamides were obtained in good yields and characterized by solubility in common organic solvent, inherent viscosity, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction analysis. All of these polyamides were found to be amorphous in morphology as indicated by XRD to posses outstanding solubilities, and to be easily dissolved in amide-type polar aprotic polar solvents. Polyamides with moderate inherent viscosity in the range 0.21 to 0.41 dL/g in N,N,dimethyl formamide solvent (DMF) at 30 ± 0.1° C. The Thermal properties of the polyamides were evaluated by Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential scanning calorimetery. These polymer shows good thermal stability with glass transition temperature (T_g) of 143-223°C and their (T_max) weight loss temperature were around 426-455°C, confirming their good thermal stability. The char yields of these polymers were given their limiting oxygen index LOI 32.3 to 37.5 5% values of polyamides; indicate these polymers also show good flame resistance. The NPs were negatively charged with a zeta potential of -24.2 to -37.9 mV indicating a good colloidal stability against aggregation.