PMAA nanogel controllably releases anti-IL-1β IgY for treating allergic rhinitis

Bridging micro/nano-platform and airway allergy intervention

Allergic airway diseases, with incidence augmenting visibly as industrial development and environmental degradation, are characterized by sneezing, itching, wheezing, chest tightness, airway obstruction, and hyperresponsiveness. Current medical modalities attempt to combat these symptoms mostly by small molecule chemotherapeutants, such as corticosteroids, antihistamines, etc., via intranasal approach which is one of the most noninvasive, rapid-absorbed, and patient-friendly routes. Nevertheless, inherent defects for irritation to respiratory mucosa, drug inactivation and degradation, and rapid drug dispersal to off-target sites are inevitable. Lately, intratracheal micro/nano therapeutic systems are emerging as innovative alternatives for airway allergy interventions. This overview introduces several potential application directions of mic/nano-platform in the treatment of airway allergic diseases, including carriers, therapeutic agents, and immunomodulators. The improvement of the existing drug therapy of respiratory allergy management by micro/nano-platform is described in detail. The challenges of the micro/nano-platform nasal approach in the treatment of airway allergy are summarized and the development of micro/nano-platform is also prospected. Although still a burgeoning area, micro/nano therapeutic systems are gradually turning to be realistic orientations as crucial future alternative therapeutic options in allergic airway inflammation interventions.

In vivo drug delivery applications of nanogels: a review

In recent years, nanogels have emerged as promising drug delivery vehicles; their ability in holding active molecules, macromolecules and drugs, together with the capability to respond to external stimuli, makes them a suitable tool for a wide range of applications. These features allow nanogels to be exploited against many challenges of nanomedicine associated with different kinds of pathologies which require the use of specific drug delivery systems. In this review our aim is to give the reader an overview of the diseases that can be treated with nanogels as drug delivery systems, such as cancer, CNS disorders, cardiovascular diseases, wound healing and other diseases of human body. For all of these pathologies, biological in vivo assays can be found in the literature and in this work. We focus on the peculiarities of these nanogels, highlighting their features and their advantages in respect to conventional treatments.