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Liu F, Shen C, You F, Zhao W, Deng C, Jiang X. Enhancing the Sound and Thermal Insulation Properties of Polypropylene Foam by Preparing High Melt Strength Polypropylene. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300344. [PMID: 37552045 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
High-performance polypropylene (PP) foam is a vital polymer product in industrial areas. However, the poor melt strength of ordinary PP homopolymer limits its foaming molding. In this work, high melt strength polypropylene (HMSPP) is prepared by using styrene (St) and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) as comonomers, and then PP foams are prepared by mold foaming method. The results show that adding St in the grafting process of TPGDA will obviously improve the melt strength of the PP matrix, and its melt strength (28 184 Pa.s) is 7.4 times higher than that of pure PP. HMSPP foam has more regular and uniform cells and higher cell density, which significantly improves the sound and thermal insulation properties of PP foam. Compared with pure PP foam, the average sound transmission loss (52.9 dB) of HMSPP foam with a low foaming ratio increased by 64%, and the thermal conductivity (0.0867 W mK-1 ) decreased by 46%. Therefore, the obtained HMSPP foam can be used in sound insulation or thermal insulation area. This work provides an available route for the high-performance utilization of PP foam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Feng You
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Wufan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Caoting Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
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Liu F, Shen C, Jiang X, You F, Yao C, Shangguan Y. Enhancing the mechanical properties and foaming performance of polypropylene through melt grafting reaction by using trimethylolpropane triacrylate. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Zuo K, Li K, Yun Z, He G, Islam SR, Yang Y, Zhang X, Chen J. Microcellular foaming and mechanical properties of iPP-iPPF using supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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4
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Embabi M, Kweon MS, Wang YX, Lin TP, López-Barrón CR, Lee PC. Foaming Performance of Linear Polypropylene Ionomers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Embabi
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mu Sung Kweon
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Ya Xian Wang
- ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Research and Development Company, Ltd., Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tzu-Pin Lin
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | | | - Patrick C. Lee
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Cao J, Wen N, Zheng Y, Chen Q. The structure, properties, and foaming of long chain branched polypropylene/clay‐supported calcium pimelate composites. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian China
- Fujian Aton New Material Technology Co., Ltd Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Na Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Yuying Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Que Chen
- Fujian Aton New Material Technology Co., Ltd Fuzhou Fujian China
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Kweon MS, Embabi M, Shivokhin ME, Gupta A, Yan X, Pehlert G, Lee PC. Tuning High and Low Temperature Foaming Behavior of Linear and Long-Chain Branched Polypropylene via Partial and Complete Melting. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010044. [PMID: 35012070 PMCID: PMC8747320 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While existing foam studies have identified processing parameters, such as high-pressure drop rate, and engineering measures, such as high melt strength, as key factors for improving foamability, there is a conspicuous absence of studies that directly relate foamability to material properties obtained from fundamental characterization. To bridge this gap, this work presents batch foaming studies on one linear and two long-chain branched polypropylene (PP) resins to investigate how foamability is affected by partial melting (Method 1) and complete melting followed by undercooling (Method 2). At temperatures above the melting point, similar expansion was obtained using both foaming procedures within each resin, while the PP with the highest strain hardening ratio (13) exhibited the highest expansion ratio (45 ± 3). At low temperatures, the foamability of all resins was dramatically improved using Method 2 compared to Method 1, due to access to lower foaming temperatures (<150 °C) near the crystallization onset. Furthermore, Method 2 resulted in a more uniform cellular structure over a wider temperature range (120–170 °C compared to 155–175 °C). Overall, strong extensional hardening and low onset of crystallization were shown to give rise to foamability at high and low temperatures, respectively, suggesting that both characteristics can be appropriately used to tune the foamability of PP in industrial foaming applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Sung Kweon
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; (M.S.K.); (M.E.)
| | - Mahmoud Embabi
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; (M.S.K.); (M.E.)
| | - Maksim E. Shivokhin
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, TX 77520, USA; (M.E.S.); (A.G.); (X.Y.); (G.P.)
| | - Anvit Gupta
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, TX 77520, USA; (M.E.S.); (A.G.); (X.Y.); (G.P.)
| | - Xuejia Yan
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, TX 77520, USA; (M.E.S.); (A.G.); (X.Y.); (G.P.)
| | - George Pehlert
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, TX 77520, USA; (M.E.S.); (A.G.); (X.Y.); (G.P.)
| | - Patrick C. Lee
- Multifunctional Composites Manufacturing Laboratory (MCML), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; (M.S.K.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(416)-946-5407
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Zuo K, Xu J, Xie S, Zhang S, Hou J, Yang Y, Zhang X, Chen J. Microcellular foaming and mechanical properties of iPPF reinforced PPR composites. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Zhang X, Sun B, Yuan G, Zhang S, Ji Y, Liu B, Zhang M, Yang Y, Chen J. Preparation and balanced mechanical properties of solid and foamed isotactic polypropylene/
SEBS
composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Baojia Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Mould Workshop Xiamen Jinyue Electroacoustic Co. Ltd. Xiamen China
| | - Guoyuan Yuan
- Product Engineering Department Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co. Ltd. Zhengzhou China
| | - Shixun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Youxin Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Baochen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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A Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties of Hollow Glass Bubble, Jute Fibre and Rubber Powder Reinforced Polypropylene Compounds with and without MuCell ® Technology for Lightweight Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112664. [PMID: 33198067 PMCID: PMC7697613 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lightweighting is one of the key solutions to reduce the carbon footprint of vehicles. Nowadays, it is still challenging to achieve this target because there is a conflict between the cost and final material performance, as well as the fact that many lightweight solutions are restricted to laboratory or small-scale production. In this work, a commercially feasible strategy was adopted to fabricate materials for lightweight applications. Hollow glass bubbles, jute fibres, and rubber powder were used as fillers with polypropylene as the base polymer. Various samples were fabricated using conventional and MuCell® injection moulding. Their performance was then characterised by their density and morphological, mechanical, and rheological properties. A comparison among hybrid fillers/polypropylene compounds with and without MuCell® technology was investigated. The filler hybridisation resulted in not only a density reduction of up to approximately 10%, but also improved tensile/flexural modulus and strength. The use of MuCell® led to a further reduction in density of roughly 10%. Meanwhile, although some compounds fabricated by MuCell® exhibited some deterioration in their tensile yield strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength, they maintained acceptable mechanical properties for automotive applications.
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