1
|
Regional differences in the levels of naturally occurring radionuclides and 137Cs in commercial tea leaf products. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
|
2
|
Hachinohe M, Hamamatsu S, Kawamoto S. A review of the radioactive cesium behavior in Japanese agricultural, livestock, fishery products and their foods in the decade following the Fukushima nuclear accident. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.27.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Hachinohe
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Organization
| | - Shioka Hamamatsu
- Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shindoh K, Hachinohe M. Behavior of Strontium and Main Inorganic Elements in Tea Infusions from Green Teas. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.67.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Shindoh
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
| | - Mayumi Hachinohe
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tagami K, Uchida S, Shinano T, Pröhl G. Comparisons of effective half-lives of radiocesium in Japanese tea plants after two nuclear accidents, Chernobyl and Fukushima. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 213:106109. [PMID: 31756642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The time-dependence of 137Cs in new shoots of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) following a137Cs-deposition was analyzed and quantified in terms of effective half-lives. The underlying monitoring studies were performed after the accidents in the Chernobyl and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plants for tea plants growing in Japan. The major transfer route for atmospherically deposited radiocaesium to the first new shoots sampled after the accidents were different: for the Fukushima accident, it was mainly translocation of radiocaesium deposited onto old leaves and twigs to the new growth, while direct deposition on the new leaves was the major source after the Chernobyl accident. The effective half-lives in new tea leaves representing the fast and slow components of the decline did not significantly differ between these accidents. Geometric means (ranges) of fast and slow effective half-lives of 137Cs after the Chernobyl accident were 66 d (25-125 d) and 902 d (342-15900 d), respectively, and those after the Fukushima accident were 50 d (26-105 d) and 416 d (222-1540 d), respectively. From these results, 137Cs declines in new tea leaves were similar although contamination conditions were different for these two accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tagami
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zehringer M, Kammerer F, Wagmann M. Radionuclides in tea and their behaviour in the brewing process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 192:75-80. [PMID: 29890360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tea plantations may be strongly affected by radioactive fallout. Tea plantations on the Turkish coast of the Black Sea were heavily contaminated by the fallout from the reactor fire at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986. Two years later, the contamination level was reduced by about 90%. When tea is brewed, the original contamination in the tea leaves is more or less leached into the tea water. While most of the radiocaesium (60-80%) is washed out by brewing, most of the radiostrontium remains in the leaves (70-80%). In food laws, a dilution factor of 40-50 is considered for tea brewing. Most laws only define limit values for radiocaesium. Radiostrontium is not specially regulated, even though its dose coefficients for ingestion are higher than the corresponding coefficients for radiocaesium. Radiostrontium in tea occurs primarily from global fallout (bomb tests from 1945-1965).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Zehringer
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Franziska Kammerer
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wagmann
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Okuda M, Akao T, Sumihiro M, Mizuno M, Goto-Yamamoto N. Transfer of caesium and potassium from Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.) to Japanese apricot liqueur (Umeliqueur). JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okuda
- National Research Institute of Brewing; Higashihiroshima Japan
| | - Takeshi Akao
- National Research Institute of Brewing; Higashihiroshima Japan
| | | | - Megumi Mizuno
- National Research Institute of Brewing; Higashihiroshima Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cook MC, Stukel MJ, Zhang W, Mercier JF, Cooke MW. The determination of Fukushima-derived cesium-134 and cesium-137 in Japanese green tea samples and their distribution subsequent to simulated beverage preparation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 153:23-30. [PMID: 26714059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Health Canada's Radiation Protection Bureau has identified trace quantities of (134)Cs and (137)Cs in commercially available green tea products of Japanese origin. Referenced to March 11, 2011, the activity ratio ((134)Cs/(137)Cs) has been determined to be 1:1, which supports an origin from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The upper limits of typical tea beverage preparation conditions were applied to the most contaminated of these green tea samples to determine the proportion of radiocesium contamination that would be available for human consumption. The distribution of radiocesium among the components of the extraction experiments (water, residual tea solid, and filter media) was determined by both conventional and Compton-suppressed gamma spectroscopy. The latter aided tremendously in providing a more complete radiocesium distribution profile, particularly for the shorter-lived (134)Cs. Cesium extraction efficiencies of 64 ± 7% and 64 ± 5% were determined based on (134)Cs and (137)Cs, respectively. Annual, effective dose estimates from ingestion of (137)Cs and (134)Cs (1.8-3.7 μSv), arising from the consumption of tea beverages prepared from the most contaminated of these samples, are insignificant relative to both total (∼ 2.4 mSv) and ingested (∼ 0.28 mSv) annual effective doses received from naturally occurring radioactive sources. As such, there is no health concern arising from the consumption of green tea beverages contaminated with radiocesium at the levels encountered in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Cook
- Radiation Surveillance Division, Radiation Protection Bureau of Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada
| | - Matthew J Stukel
- Radiation Surveillance Division, Radiation Protection Bureau of Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Radiation Surveillance Division, Radiation Protection Bureau of Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Mercier
- Radiation Surveillance Division, Radiation Protection Bureau of Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada
| | - Michael W Cooke
- Radiation Surveillance Division, Radiation Protection Bureau of Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Steinhauser G. Assessment of the effectiveness of the post-Fukushima food monitoring campaign in the first year after the nuclear accident: A hypothesis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 151 Pt 1:136-143. [PMID: 26454204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess whether or not the food monitoring campaign after the Fukushima nuclear accident has been successful in reducing the number of above-limit-food from reaching the consumers. The hypothesis of this study is that the fraction of "post-market" food can be used for this purpose, when the post-market fraction in the above-limit (p') items is compared to the post-market fraction in the entity of food items (p) that have been screened for radionuclides ((134)Cs and (137)Cs). Indeed the post-market fraction in most vegetarian produce decreased significantly in the above-limit food items (p'/p < 1), indicating a high efficiency of the monitoring campaign. For tea, however, the analysis reveals a low efficiency of the campaign (p'/p ≈ 1). For beef, the fraction of post-market-foods within the above-limit samples was much higher than the respective fraction in the entity of measured samples (p'/p > 1), indicating a much lower effectiveness of the monitoring action for beef. The author speculates that, by following the governmental monitoring manual (which gives "meat" only second priority), the sudden exceedances caught the monitoring agencies unprepared and triggered a much higher density monitoring of beef with the delay of several weeks. Even then, many above limit items reached the market (mainly because the monitoring during this period had focused on the post-market). Therefore, it is likely that some above-limit beef has been consumed by the public. For other meat products, the fraction of post-market samples was very low, which does not allow for the validation of the effectiveness of the monitoring campaign. Overall, the monitoring seemed to have been more effective for vegetarian produce than for meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georg Steinhauser
- Colorado State University, Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States; Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Radioeology and Radiation Protection, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Certified reference materials of agricultural products and foods bearing radioactivity from the Fukushima nuclear accident. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
10
|
Rosenberg BL, Steinhauser G. Preparedness for a nuclear accident: removal of radioiodine from soil by chemical processing. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Oya Y, Uchimura H, Toda K, Ikka T, Morita A, Okuno K. Dissolution behavior of 137Cs absorbed on the green tea leaves. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
12
|
Activity concentrations of environmental samples collected in Fukushima Prefecture immediately after the Fukushima nuclear accident. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2283. [PMID: 23887080 PMCID: PMC3724182 DOI: 10.1038/srep02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide concentrations in environmental samples such as surface soils, plants and water were evaluated by high purity germanium detector measurements. The contribution rate of short half-life radionuclides such as 132I to the exposure dose to residents was discussed from the measured values. The highest values of the 131I/137Cs activity ratio ranged from 49 to 70 in the environmental samples collected at Iwaki City which is located to the south of the F1-NPS. On the other hand, the 132I/131I activity ratio in the same environmental samples had the lowest values, ranging from 0.01 to 0.02. By assuming that the 132I/131I activity ratio in the atmosphere was equal to the ratio in the environmental samples, the percent contribution to the thyroid equivalent dose by 132I was estimated to be less than 2%. Moreover, the contribution to the thyroid exposure by 132I might be negligible if 132I contamination was restricted to Iwaki City.
Collapse
|
13
|
Manuel Halim J, R. Pokatong WD, Ignacia J. ANTIOXIDATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF BEVERAGES MADE FROM A MIXTURE OF LEMONGRASS EXTRACT AND GREEN TEA. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI PANGAN 2013. [DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2013.24.2.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
14
|
Okuda M, Hashiguchi T, Joyo M, Tsukamoto K, Endo M, Matsumaru K, Goto-Yamamoto N, Yamaoka H, Suzuki K, Shimoi H. The transfer of radioactive cesium and potassium from rice to sake. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:340-6. [PMID: 23583500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using rice grains contaminated with radioactive cesium ((134)Cs and (137)Cs) that was released by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in March of 2011, we investigated the behaviors of the radioactive cesium and potassium (total K and (40)K) during sake brewing. Cesiumis a congener of K, and yeast cells have the ability to take up Cs using known K transporters. During rice polishing, the concentrations of radioactive Cs and K in the polished rice grains decreased gradually until a milling ratio (polished rice weight/brown rice weight) of 70% was reached. No significant changes were observed below this milling ratio. Sake was brewed on a small scale using the 70% polished rice. The transfer ratio of radioactive Cs to sake and to the sake cake was significantly different than the ratio of K. Approximately 36% and 23% of radioactive Cs in the polished rice was transferred to the sake and sake cake, respectively; however, 40% was removed by washing and steeping the rice grains. On the other hand, 25% and 40% of K in the polished rice was recovered in the sake and sake cake, respectively, and 35% was removed by washing and steeping the rice grains. From the present results, the concentration of radioactive Cs in sake would be 4 Bq/kg fresh weight, which is well below the regulation values (100 Bq/kg), even using brown rice containing 100 Bq/kg of radioactive Cs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okuda
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Merz S, Steinhauser G, Hamada N. Anthropogenic radionuclides in Japanese food: environmental and legal implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:1248-1256. [PMID: 23253203 DOI: 10.1021/es3037498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese government ordered the analysis of thousands of foods after the Fukushima nuclear accident to ascertain compliance with regulatory limits for anthropogenic radionuclides in food. Four hundred and forty-five samples obtained until 31 December 2011 from 11 prefectures exceeded the regulatory limits that were in force until 31 March 2012. The possibility of these 445 samples representing localized areas of high radiocesium concentration was investigated. The objective of this study was to determine the radiocesium activity ratio ((134)Cs/(137)Cs) in foods from each geographic area to possibly identify the radioactive signature of the four different reactors (i.e., four independent sources) in the distinct regions. The average (134)Cs/(137)Cs activity ratio was 0.98 ± 0.01 for all samples. However, no statistically significant deviations from this value could be confirmed in the various regions. Therefore, we conclude that the releases from reactor No. 4 (carrying a significantly smaller activity ratio) are assumed to be small when compared with the other three reactor releases. The individual radioisotopic signatures of reactors No. 1, 2, and 3 could not be identified in various Japanese regions using the food samples, indicating integral radiocesium contamination from these sources. Subsequent releases of fission products from the reactors (e.g., after possible criticalities reported in October 2011) proved to have no impact on the radiocesium activity ratio. A discussion of the development of the regulatory limits in Japan and Europe with regard to the current limits and radiological food safety are also included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Merz
- Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jichao S, Guangqian W. Research on underground water pollution caused by geological fault through radioactive stratum. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Radio-microanalytical particle measurements method and application to Fukushima aerosols collected in Japan. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Kubota T, Fukutani S, Ohta T, Mahara Y. Removal of radioactive cesium, strontium, and iodine from natural waters using bentonite, zeolite, and activated carbon. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|