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Shrestha AK, Shrestha GK, Shah BR, Koirala RP. Assessment of radioactivity and radiological hazards associated with bricks in eastern Nepal. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24844. [PMID: 38312633 PMCID: PMC10835328 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive study examines the concentration of natural radionuclides in bricks from the Terai region of the Koshi province, aiming to assess the radioactivity levels and associated radiological hazards, ultimately quantifying the dose limit. The average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 27.1 ± 5.7, 42.6 ± 9.8, and 601.5 ± 93.8 Bq/kg, with their respective contributions to total activity being 20.18 %, 45.35 %, 34.48 %,. Despite this, their concentration distribution followed the pattern 40K > 232Th > 226Ra. The elevated presence of 40K in the bricks is attributed to the use of phosphate fertilizers in the soil to enhance crop productivity. Notably, the calculated values of radiological hazard parameters, including radium equivalent activity, absorbed gamma dose, and effective dose, are well below the recommended safety thresholds. Consequently, this study suggests that bricks, when used in substantial quantities, pose no significant radiological risks and are considered safe for use as a building material. The extension of such investigations nationwide is recommended to assess the overall radioactivity levels and establish dose limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Shrestha
- Damak Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
- Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
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Huynh HKP, Truong LTH, Mai PT, Nguyen SH, Vu BN, Le HC. Evaluation of potential radiological hazards of unfired construction materials containing fly ash in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9825-9836. [PMID: 37861806 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the unfired construction materials (solid card bricks, 4-hole bricks, pavement bricks) containing fly ash and bottom ash from a coal-fired thermal power plant in Vietnam were measured using the low-level gamma-ray spectrometer with HPGe detector. Also, the 222Rn concentrations in these materials were analyzed using RAD7 radon monitor and then radon mass exhalation rate and emanation fraction of these materials were calculated. The potential radiological hazards for residents living in the model room made of these materials were evaluated. The average specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found as 67.7, 79.3 and 703.5 Bq kg-1, respectively. The total annual effective dose (due to external gamma exposure and internal radon exposure for resident living in the CEN model room made of the unfired brick samples) was found as 0.9 mSv y-1 which is lower than the worldwide average dose of 2.4 mSv y-1. Calculations from ResRad-Build code showed that the doses due to radon exposure account for from 62.3% (at the first year) to 98.8% (at the next 30 years) of the total gamma and radon dose. Under low air exchange to the outside environment, from the 6th year onwards, the total dose may exceed the average dose value from natural radiation exposure sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Ky Phuong Huynh
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Loan Thi Hong Truong
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM - University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, VNUHCM - University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Phong Thanh Mai
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Son Huu Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ba Ngoc Vu
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM - University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hao Cong Le
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, VNUHCM - University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, VNUHCM - University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Ndjana Nkoulou Ii JE, Manga A, German O, Sainz-Fernandez C, Kwato Njock MG. Natural radioactivity in building materials, indoor radon measurements, and assessment of the associated risk indicators in some localities of the Centre Region, Cameroon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54842-54854. [PMID: 35314929 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to investigate the natural radioactivity of some building materials, the resulting long-term external and internal effective dose equivalents (EEDE and IEDE) analysis followed by indoor radon measurements, and the assessment of some radiological risk indicators associated with radon exposure. A total of 37 samples of building materials were analyzed with a sodium iodide detector (NaI (Tl)), and the computer code RESRAD-BUILD was used for the analysis of the EEDE and IEDE of the structural elements of the houses (walls and floor). For indoor radon measurements, 140 houses were selected, and in each of them was placed 01 RADTRAK dosimeter. Inhalation dose, total dose, and some radiological risk indicators were calculated. The specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K for the overall sampled building materials were found to vary between 10 ± 2-52 ± 7, 10 ± 1-95 ± 10, and 31 ± 1-673 ± 20 Bq kg-1, respectively. The dwelling types with bare brick walls, cement mortar plastered walls, and concrete floors show EEDE and IEDE values well below the recommended limits. The corresponding dwelling type contributions to the measured average indoor radon concentration (42 ± 12 Bq m-3) are 22%, 13%, and 16%, respectively. Inhalation dose resulting from the measured indoor radon concentrations varies from 0.35 to 3.24 mSv y-1 with a mean value of 0.96 ± 0.55 mSv y-1, which represents about 65% of the total dose simulated (1.49 ± 0.88 mSv y-1) by the RESRAD-BUILD code. The overall analysis of indoor radon-related radiological risk indicators shows low levels of risk relative to permissible limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Emmanuel Ndjana Nkoulou Ii
- Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics, University of Douala, PO Box 8580, Douala, Cameroon
- Research Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology, Institute of Geological and Mining Research, PO Box 4110, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - André Manga
- Research Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology, Institute of Geological and Mining Research, PO Box 4110, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Olga German
- Division of Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety, Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Wagramerstrasse, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos Sainz-Fernandez
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory of the University of Cantabria (LaRUC), University of Cantabria, 39011, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Moïse Godfroy Kwato Njock
- Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics, University of Douala, PO Box 8580, Douala, Cameroon
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Adelikhah M, Imani M, Hegedűs M, Kovács T. Modelling of indoor external and internal exposure due to different building materials containing NORMs in the vicinity of a HNBRA in Mahallat, Iran. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08909. [PMID: 35198774 PMCID: PMC8842013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, by considering the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) contained in the building materials used in Mahallat, Iran - an area exposed to a high level of natural background radiation - residential scenarios were simulated by applying the computer code RESRAD-BUILD to estimate the long-term Effective Dose rate of three different cases of basic building materials utilized in walls, floors and ceilings. Maximum effective dose rates of between 504 and 1433 μSv yr-1 were calculated in the second case study, tiled cement floor. The highest external and radon doses were also calculated to be 369 and 1064 μSv, respectively. The simulation results revealed that 232Th and 40K contribute the most and least to the indoor dose, respectively. As a result of a sensitivity analysis, it was found that the air exchange rate is a key variable to easily reduce the radiological impacts of building materials. It was also shown that due to the presence of 226Ra, the sensitivity of effective dose to changes in wall thickness was higher than other radionuclides found in the building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammademad Adelikhah
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Morteza Imani
- Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miklós Hegedűs
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
- Corresponding author.
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Hanafi MM, Azizi P, Akinbola ST, Ismail R, Sahibin AR, Wan Mohd Razi I, Ismail AF. Valorization of rare earth processing byproducts for agriculture usage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15234. [PMID: 34315931 PMCID: PMC8316506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sandy texture soil, a major problem for agriculture requires structure and capacity improvements. However, utilization of soil conditioner may arrest this problem. This research was carried out to investigate the accumulated levels of metal ions and radionuclides in water, soil and plants following phosphogypsum organic (PG organic) added to a sandy soil for 23-month in 3 cropping seasons. The condition in the field was simulated in the laboratory using an open leaching column for 30-day under constant but different pH of leachant. More ions were released at pH < 4.6 and decreases greatly at pH > 5.6. The metal ions measured in the surface and borehole water, and soils were below the target values for respective standard raw drinking water. The metal ions did not accumulate in soil, plant and grain, and water as indicated by biological accumulation coefficients, contamination factors, I-geo index and pollution load index in a sandy soil that received the PG organic. Naturally occurring radionuclide concentrations, such as 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K, in soil and plant tissue were found to be lower than the average value reported by several earlier studies. Under field condition the pH of water (i.e., rainfall) was greater than pH 5.6, thus renders PG organic became less soluble. There was no leaching of natural occurring radionuclides to the groundwater. Therefore, the application of PG organic to the studied soil had no impact on the soil, plants, and water and suitable as a soil conditioner in sandy texture soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Musa Hanafi
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Plantation Science and Technology, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Parisa Azizi
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheu Tijani Akinbola
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Ismail
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahim Sahibin
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Idris Wan Mohd Razi
- Centre for Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aznan Fazli Ismail
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Frontier Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dodge-Wan D, Mohan Viswanathan P. Terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate mapping and influence of building materials: case study at Curtin University campus (Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sow M, Leblois Y, Bodiot C, Motzkus C, Ritoux S, Gensdarmes F. Aerosol release fraction by concrete scarifying operations and its implications on the dismantling of nuclear facilities. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123077. [PMID: 32569977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sanitation of concrete structures through dismantling of nuclear buildings is complicated by the radiological threat associated with the airborne release of fine dust. This is the reason why the aerosol release fraction (ARF) associated with mechanical removal of concrete structure containing radioactivity needs to be accurately evaluated to implement efficient radiological survey and containment techniques. We characterize experimentally the ARF resulting from milling operations on a standard non-radioactive concrete slab in a confined experimental chamber using an industrial scarifying machine. Our results reveal a significant production of fine aerosol particles with a mass median aerodynamic diameter close to 4 μm and which mineralogical composition is dominated by calcium and silica compounds. The ARF measured when a vacuum suction device is used to confine the dust production close to the source is on the order of 5 × 10-4; the maximum ARF estimated when no suction device is used is on the order of 0.5. As the study is focused on non-radioactive concrete, transposition of aerosol characteristics investigated in this study to assess radioactive airborne release is only relevant for in-depth neutron activation on elemental compounds of concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Sow
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSN-RES, SCA, LPMA, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91192, France.
| | - Yohan Leblois
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSN-RES, SCA, LPMA, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91192, France
| | - Cécile Bodiot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSN-RES, SCA, LPMA, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91192, France
| | - Charles Motzkus
- Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), Division Agents Biologiques et Aérocontaminants, 84 Avenue Jean Jaurès, 77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - Sébastien Ritoux
- Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), Division Agents Biologiques et Aérocontaminants, 84 Avenue Jean Jaurès, 77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France
| | - François Gensdarmes
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSN-RES, SCA, LPMA, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91192, France
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Abdullahi S, Ismail AF, Yasir MS. Radiological hazard analysis of Malaysia’s ceramic materials using generic and RESRAD-BUILD computer code approach. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abdullahi S, Ismail AF, Samat S. ASSESSMENT OF NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIONUCLIDES IN MALAYSIA'S BUILDING MATERIALS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 186:520-523. [PMID: 31034551 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides from common building materials used by Malaysian people for construction purposes were studied using High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The measured activity concentrations of the aforementioned radionuclides range from 10 ± 1 Bq kg-1 (limestone) to 155 ± 61 Bq kg-1 (feldspar), 12 ± 3 Bq kg-1 (limestone) to 274 ± 8 Bq kg-1 (kaolin) and 62 ± 19 Bq kg-1 (limestone) to 1114 ± 20 Bq kg-1 (pottery stone) for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The measured activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides reported herein were found to be in accordance with other previous studies. In general, the activity concentration of the natural radionuclides revealed that all the determined values were below the recommended limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shittu Abdullahi
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gombe State University, P.M.B. 127 Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Aznan Fazli Ismail
- Nuclear Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Frontier Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Supian Samat
- Centre for Frontier Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abdullahi S, Ismail AF, Samat S. Determination of indoor doses and excess lifetime cancer risks caused by building materials containing natural radionuclides in Malaysia. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Omer Jafir A, Ahmed AH, Saridan WM. Seasonal measurement and dose assessment of natural radionuclides in sediments of Darbandikhan Lake in Kurdistan-Iraq. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Min JS, Lee KW, Kim HR, Lee CW. Radiological assessment of the decontaminated and decommissioned Korea Research Reactor-1 building. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Altun M, Sezgin N, Nemlioglu S, Karakelle B, Can N, Temelli UE. Natural radioactivity and hazard-level assessment of Portland cements in Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Elemental Analysis and Natural Radioactivity Levels of Clay by Gamma Ray Spectrometer and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/8726260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to increased global demand for clay, the present work involves the use of INAA for elemental analysis and pollutants concentration in clay. The samples were collected from Aswan in South Egypt. The samples were irradiated using the thermal neutrons “at the TRIGA Mainz research reactor” and at a neutron flux “of 7 × 10 n/cm s”. Twenty-six elements quantitatively and qualitatively were specified for the first time upon studying the samples. The elements determined are U, Th, Ta, Hf, Lu, Eu, Ce, Ba, Sn, Nb, Rb, Zn, Co, Fe, Cr, Sc, Sm, La, Yb, As, Ga, K, Mn, Na, Ti, and Mg. The concentrations of natural radionuclides232Th,226Ra, and40K were also calculated. Based on these concentrations, to estimate the exposure risk for using clay as raw materials in building materials, the radiation hazard indices such as radium equivalent activities, effective doses rate, and the external hazard indices have been computed. The obtained results were compared with analogous studies carried out in other countries and with the UNSCEAR reports.
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Çam Kaynar S, Özbey E, Ereeş FS. Determination of radon exhalation rate and natural radioactivity levels of building materials used in Istanbul-Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-3987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Petrović M, Vučić D, Karamarković J. Dose assessment from domestic building materials used in housing sector in Serbia. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 162:2-5. [PMID: 24996919 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The results of mass activity measuring in many domestic building materials used in a housing sector are presented. Natural radionuclides (40)K, (226)Ra, (232)Th, (235)U and (238)U as well as artificial radionuclide (137)Cs were detected using a gamma spectrometry. Based on measured mass activity values, the absorbed dose rate from examined building materials was calculated following EC standards. According to the UNSCEAR procedure, the annual effective dose was also calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Petrović
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Niš, A. Medvedeva 14 Str, Niš 18000, Serbia
| | - D Vučić
- Institute on Occupational Health Protection 'Niš', Vojislava Ilića bb Str, Niš 18000, Serbia
| | - J Karamarković
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Niš, A. Medvedeva 14 Str, Niš 18000, Serbia
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Muntean LE, Cosma C, Moldovan DV. Measurement of natural radioactivity and radiation hazards for some natural and artificial building materials available in Romania. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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