1
|
Elsheikh NA. Comparative optimization of Be/Zr(BH4)4 and Be/Be(BH4)2 as 252Cf source shielding assemblies: Effect on landmine detection by neutron backscattering technique. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
2
|
Huang M, Zhu J, Wu J. Simulation of explosive detection based on APT-TOF for verifying nuclear warhead dismantlement. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 171:109648. [PMID: 33640748 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Authentication of the explosives in nuclear warheads is a key point for the global nuclear disarmament. In this paper, a detection method of the explosives in nuclear warheads based on API-TOF (associated α particle imaging - time of flight) is proposed. First, the basic principles and current research situation of API-TOF are introduced. Second, a numerical simulation platform of the detection method of the explosives in nuclear warheads based on API-TOF was established, and a numerical simulation study of the feasibility of this method was carried out. The research results show that, this method can detect the nuclides of 12C, 14N and 16O of the explosive in the nuclear warhead in 15 min, and reconstruct the carbon-oxygen number ratio and nitrogen-oxygen number ratio of the explosive accurately, and reconstruct the spatial distribution of the explosive nuclei with the explosive profile clearly discriminated in the reconstruction image. From the simulation results, the detection method of the explosive in the nuclear warhead based on API-TOF is confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huang
- Center for Strategic Studies, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100088, China.
| | - Jianyu Zhu
- Center for Strategic Studies, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Center for Strategic Studies, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100088, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdulrahman ST, Ahmad Z, Thomas S, Maria HJ, Rahman AA. Viscoelastic and thermal properties of natural
rubber low
‐density polyethylene composites with boric acid and borax. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zakiah Ahmad
- Faculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam Malaysia
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and NanotechnologySchool of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala India
| | - Hanna J. Maria
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and NanotechnologySchool of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala India
| | - Azerai Ali Rahman
- Faculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Fingerprinting of Nitroaromatic Explosives Realized by Aphen-functionalized Titanium Dioxide. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19102407. [PMID: 31137774 PMCID: PMC6566778 DOI: 10.3390/s19102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing sensing materials for military explosives and improvised explosive precursors is of great significance to maintaining homeland security. 5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (Aphen)-modified TiO2 nanospheres are prepared though coordination interactions, which broaden the absorption band edge of TiO2 and shift it to the visible region. A sensor array based on an individual TiO2/Aphen sensor is constructed by regulating the excitation wavelength (365 nm, 450 nm, 550 nm). TiO2/Aphen shows significant response to nitroaromatic explosives since the Aphen capped on the surface of TiO2 can chemically recognize and absorb nitroaromatic explosives by the formation of the corresponding Meisenheimer complex. The photocatalytic mechanism is proved to be the primary sensing mechanism after anchoring nitroaromatic explosives to TiO2. The fingerprint patterns obtained by combining kinetics and thermodynamics validated that the single TiO2/Aphen sensor can identify at least six nitroaromatic explosives and improvised explosives within 8 s and the biggest response reaches 80%. Furthermore, the TiO2/Aphen may allow the contactless detection of various explosives, which is of great significance to maintaining homeland security.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun A, Jia W, Li J, Hei D, Dai W, Cheng C, Cai P, Tang Y, Zhao D, Hu Q. Method for accurate position detection of landmine based on PGNAA technology. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
7
|
Lee HR, Kim J, Sun GM. Monte Carlo simulation study on coincidence-based imaging system for neutron-induced prompt-gamma activation imaging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
Sakoda A, Nakatsuka Y, Ishimori Y, Nakashima S, Komeda M, Ohzu A, Toh Y. Production and detection of fission-induced neutrons following fast neutron direct interrogation to various dry materials containing 235U. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2017.1417175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Sakoda
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino-cho, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakatsuka
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino-cho, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuu Ishimori
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino-cho, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakashima
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino-cho, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masao Komeda
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Ohzu
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Toh
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mildenberger F, Mauerhofer E. Cyclic neutron activation analysis of large samples with a pulsed 14 MeV neutron source. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-5098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
12
|
|
13
|
Koreshi ZU, Khan H. Optimization of Moderator Design for Explosive Detection by Thermal Neutron Activation Using a Genetic Algorithm. JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4032702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An optimal design analysis is carried out for an explosives’ detection system (EDS) based on thermal neutron activation (TNA) of a sample under investigation. The objective of this work is to use a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain the optimized moderator design that would yield the “best” signal in a detection system. In a preliminary analysis, a full Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is carried out to estimate the effectiveness of various moderators, namely, water, graphite, and beryllium with respect to radiative capture (n,γ) reactions in a sample under investigation. Since MC simulation is computationally “expensive,” it is generally not used for random-search-based optimization analysis. Thus, more efficient methods are required for the design of optimal nuclear systems, where neutron transport is accurately modeled and iteratively solved for estimating the effect of independent design parameters. This paper proposes a computational scheme in which GA is coupled with the two-group neutron diffusion equation (DE) for carrying out an optimization analysis. The coupled GA-DE optimization scheme is demonstrated for obtaining the optimal moderator design. It is found that with considerably less computational effort than in an elaborate MC computation, the GA-DE approach can be used for the optimal design of detection systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Ullah Koreshi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan e-mail:
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Evaluation of a flag-based explosives detection algorithm based on active neutron interrogation for use in sea land cargo containers. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Advances in explosives analysis--part II: photon and neutron methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:49-65. [PMID: 26446898 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The number and capability of explosives detection and analysis methods have increased dramatically since publication of the Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry special issue devoted to Explosives Analysis [Moore DS, Goodpaster JV, Anal Bioanal Chem 395:245-246, 2009]. Here we review and critically evaluate the latest (the past five years) important advances in explosives detection, with details of the improvements over previous methods, and suggest possible avenues towards further advances in, e.g., stand-off distance, detection limit, selectivity, and penetration through camouflage or packaging. The review consists of two parts. Part I discussed methods based on animals, chemicals (including colorimetry, molecularly imprinted polymers, electrochemistry, and immunochemistry), ions (both ion-mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry), and mechanical devices. This part, Part II, will review methods based on photons, from very energetic photons including X-rays and gamma rays down to the terahertz range, and neutrons.
Collapse
|
16
|
Improvements to an explosives detection algorithm based on active neutron interrogation using statistical modeling. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
17
|
Whetstone Z, Kearfott K. A method for using neutron elastic scatter to create a variable energy neutron beam from a nearly monoenergetic neutron source. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
18
|
A flag-based algorithm and associated neutron interrogation system for the detection of explosives in sea–land cargo containers. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
19
|
Farrell ME, Holthoff EL, Pellegrino PM. Raman Detection of improvised explosive device (IED) material fabricated using drop-on-demand Inkjet Technology on several real world surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2176553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|