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Liu YL, Lin TT, Lee CP. Scaling effect on cesium diffusion in compacted MX-80 bentonite for buffer materials in HLW repository. KERNTECHNIK 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-2022-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, radionuclide behavior in high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal repositories is complicated because of the spatial heterogeneity of porous media, coupled flow-transport mechanisms, and multiple chemical reaction processes. Discrepancies in the diffusion behavior of a non-sorbing tracer (HTO) and a reactive tracer (137Cs) in porous media have long been recognized but are not yet fully understood, which hinders effective assessment of the capabilities of buffer materials. This paper was dedicated to exploring and explaining the discrepancies in the transport behavior of non-sorbing and reactive tracers through laboratory experiments and an investigation of contributing mechanisms. Our results showed that for a bentonite sample of the same thickness, 137Cs has smaller apparent and less effective diffusion coefficients than those for HTO. These discrepancies can be attributed to the negative surface electric effects, atomic properties, and chemical reactions. In the case of bentonite samples with different thicknesses (0.5, 0.75, 2.0, 2.5 cm), the apparent and effective diffusion coefficients show an increasing trend with bentonite thickness. According to the experimental data and fitting results, the apparent and effective diffusion coefficients are highly related to bentonite thickness. Thus, scaling effects on transport parameters were proposed to explain the results, which were attributed to the nonuniform distribution of the pore space in the bentonite sample. The scale effect behavior of radionuclide was quantified through a regression analysis. The results can be used to improve buffer designs for radionuclides diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Liu
- School of Political Science and Public Administration , Huaqiao University , No. 269, Chenghua North Rd. , Quanzhou , Fujian 362021 , China
| | - Tzu-Ting Lin
- Business School of Huaqiao University , No. 269, Chenghua North Rd. , Quanzhou , Fujian 362021 , China
| | - Chuan-Pin Lee
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering , East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
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Tien NC, Lee CP. Effect of anion repulsion on iodine transport through water-saturated crushed granite. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08653-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shi Y, Yang S, Chen W, Xiong W, Zhang A, Yu Z, Lian B, Lee CP. Study on Tritium and Iodine Species Transport through Porous Granite: A Non-Sorption Effect by Anion Exclusion. TOXICS 2022; 10:540. [PMID: 36136505 PMCID: PMC9505974 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The safety of deep geological repositories is important in the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). In this study, advection−dispersion experiments were designed to build a transport model through a calibration/validation process, and the transport behavior of tritiated water (HTO) and various iodine species (iodide: I− and iodate: IO3−) was studied on a dynamic compacted granite column. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) were plotted under various flow rates (1−5 mL/min). BTCs showed that the non-sorption effect by anion exclusion was observed only in I− transport because the retardation factor (R) of I− was lower than that of HTO (R = 1). Moreover, equilibrium and nonequilibrium transport models were used and compared to identify the mobile/immobile zones in the compacted granite column. The anion exclusion effect was influenced by the immobile zones in the column. The non-sorption effect by anion exclusion (R < 1) was only observed for I− at 5.0 ± 0.2 mL/min flow rate, and a relatively higher Coulomb’s repulsive force may be caused by the smaller hydration radius of I−(3.31 Å) than that of IO3−(3.74 Å).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Shi
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Weijia Xiong
- CNNC Environmental Protection Corporation (ECPC), Beijing 100045, China
| | - Aiming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhixiang Yu
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Bing Lian
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP), Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan-Pin Lee
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
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Wang L, Cheng J, Bao C, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Pan Y, Liu Y, Hong T, Tuo X, Leng Y. Simulation of nuclide migration in a middle- and low-level radioactive waste repository based on GMS. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jiang Q, Wang Y, Cheng J, Pan Y, Ren J, Leng Y, Liu Y, Bao C, Wang L, Tuo X. Sorption of cesium on surrounding granite of Chinese low- and medium-level nuclear waste repository in the groundwater environment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lee CP, Hu Y, Sun Y, Shi Y, Tien NC, Chuang LY, Liu W. Experimental investigation on buffer/backfill materials for radioactive waste repository downward facing sorption additivity of cesium, strontium and cobalt with different concentrations. KERNTECHNIK 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-2021-1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Buffer/backfill materials for radioactive waste disposal sites consist of pure bentonite or bentonite-rock mixtures. In this study, the batch test method was used to obtain the sorption characteristics of important radionuclides such as Cs, Sr and Co on buffer/backfill materials; i. e., mixing Wyoming MX-80 bentonite or local Taiwanese Zhi-Shin bentonite with possible host rock (argillite and granite) in different proportions (0∼100%). The distribution coefficients (Kd) for Cs, Sr and Co were obtained from the experiments. The distribution coefficient for the bentonite-rock mixtures were found, with more than 50% of mixing proportion of bentonite to argillite or granite, to have very similar values to that of pure bentonite. Furthermore, it was clearly found that the sorption of Cs, Sr and Co to bentonite-rock mixtures is decreased as ionic strength of the liquid phase is increased from 0.001M to 1M for NaCl solutions. According to the experimental results, in synthetic groundwater, it is quite convenient and helpful to assess the distribution coefficients (Kd) of Cs, Sr and Co for buffer/backfill materials using batch sorption experiments with bentonite-rock mixtures of fixed mixing proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.-P. Lee
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Y. Hu
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Y. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Y. Shi
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
- Department of Nuclear Environmental Science, China Institute for Radiation Protection (CIRP) , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - N.-C. Tien
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan R.O.C
| | - L.-Y. Chuang
- School of Education, Zhaoqing University , Guangdong , China
| | - W. Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology , Nanchang 330013 , Jiangxi , China
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