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Dos Santos Amaral R, de Paiva Melo NM, Dos Santos Júnior JA, da Silva ANC, Correia FLB, Fernández ZH, Bezerra LRDA, da Silva AA, de Araújo Rodrigues Azevedo AJI. Determination of the internal dose due to the intake of 226Ra and 210Pb in drinking water from deep wells in the Metropolitan Region of Recife-Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:824. [PMID: 36152067 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Metropolitan Region of Recife, the capital of the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil, has a high demographic density and developed under a region of marine phosphorus with high concentrations of phosphate that naturally contains uranium ore, producing ionizing radiation from descendants of the radioisotope 238U where 226Ra and 210Pb are of great importance in verifying the probable harmful effects on human health due to environmental radioactivity. The supply of drinking water is the responsibility of the state-owned company COMPESA which uses wells of great depth to complete the supply of drinking water for the entire population. COMPESA and the RAE Group of the Federal University of Pernambuco developed a joint project to assess the concentrations of 226Ra and 210Pb and estimate the equivalent and effective doses caused by ingesting these radiation sources. According to the above, this research aimed to evaluate concentrations of 226Ra and 210Pb in drinking water samples from 110 deep wells in Recife. The activities of 226Ra and 210Pb ranged from 1.4 ± 0.3 to 119.3 ± 12.9 and from 25.6 ± 3.3 to 563.2 ± 45.6 mBq.L-1, with arithmetic means of 48.1 ± 3.8 and 231.1 ± 20 mBq.L-1, respectively. The equivalent doses average in bone tissue due to 226Ra and 210Pb were 0.45 ± 0.04 and 3.9 ± 0.37 mSv.y-1, and the annual average effective doses were 0.01 ± 0.00 and 0.13 ± 0.01 mSv.y-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romilton Dos Santos Amaral
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Niége Maria de Paiva Melo
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José Araújo Dos Santos Júnior
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Arykerne Nascimento Casado da Silva
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Filipe Lopes B Correia
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Zahily Herrero Fernández
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luís Rodrigo D Andrada Bezerra
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Pernambuco - IFPE, Campus Vitória de Santo Antão - Propriedade Terra Preta, s/n - Zona Rural, 55600-000 - Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alberto Antônio da Silva
- Federal University of Pernambuco - Campus Recife - Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Pernambuco - IFPE, Campus Barreiros - Fazenda Sapé, s/n, Zona Rural, 55560-000, Barreiros, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Van Dung N, Thuan DD, Nhan DD, Carvalho FP, Van Thang D, Quang NH. Radiation exposure in a region with natural high background radiation originated from rare earth element deposits at Bat Xat district, Vietnam. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2022; 61:309-324. [PMID: 35325277 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-022-00971-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface deposits of rare earth element (REE) were identified in the Bat Xat district, Northern Vietnam. As the area is inhabited, an in-depth investigation was carried out to assess the radioactivity levels and to evaluate the radiation exposure and radiological risks for the population. Samples of REE ore, soils, water and several foods locally produced were collected and analyzed by gamma spectrometry for determination of 232Th, 226Ra, and 40 K. Radon (222Rn and 220Rn) measurements were carried out in dwellings at the villages located near by the REE deposit area, and in Hanoi for comparison. Based on the measured radionuclide concentrations, several radiological parameters were calculated to evaluate the radiological risks for the population and to compare with worldwide values. Results indicate that the representative person of the most exposed group living near the REE deposits may receive a total annual effective dose as high as 37.9 ± 10.6 mSv, i.e., approximately 16 times the world average dose of 2.4 mSv y-1. Consequently, this area should be considered a high background radiation area. Exposure to external radiation and internal radiation from ingestion and inhalation of radionuclides were assessed separately. Radon inhalation contributed to approximately 70% of the total annual effective dose, with both radon isotopes contributing significantly, while the ingestion of local foods and water gave minor contributions to the total effective dose. Several measures were considered to improve the radiation safety and recommendations are given to relocate the most exposed members of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Dung
- Hanoi University of Geology and Mining, Pho Vien Str., Northern Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dao Dinh Thuan
- Hanoi University of Geology and Mining, Pho Vien Str., Northern Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Duc Nhan
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences and Technology, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Fernando P Carvalho
- Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear/Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Duong Van Thang
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences and Technology, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hao Quang
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences and Technology, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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The assessment of the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides from drinking water consumption: calculation methods. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the present paper the different ways of assessing the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides by drinking water consumption were examined and exemplified. On a set of 10 samples the gross alpha activity, the gross beta activity, the concentration of 210Po, 210Pb, 238U, 232Th and, 226Ra were measured. The highest annual effective dose values assessed by relying on the investigated sample set were found by using the rationale according to which all the gross alpha and beta activity is due to the alpha and beta radionuclide, with the highest effective dose coefficient, namely 210Po and 210Pb/228Ra, respectively.
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Ho PL, Hung LD, Minh VT, Van Chinh D, Thanh TT, Van Tao C. Assessment of radioactivity and chemical contaminants in domestic water at supply stations in Long Phu District, Vietnam, to prevent public health risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140291. [PMID: 32783865 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents information on the concentration of radioactivity and chemicals at 12 water stations that used groundwater as their raw water supply source. The groundwater's radioactivity was higher than the treated, tap, and surface water, but lower than the national and international recommendations. At five stations (41.7%), the gross alpha contents were higher than the levels advised by Vietnam's regulations, but met the WHO and IAEA's recommendations. The mean activity (Bq L-1) gross alpha, gross beta, Ra-224, Ra-226, and Ra-228 were 0.093 ± 0.012, 0.221 ± 0.020, 0.031 ± 0.004, 0.028 ± 0.004, and 0.035 ± 0.001, respectively. The contribution of Ra-226 to the gross alpha was in a range of 23%-60% (r = 0.91, p value <0.001), and the ratio of Ra-226/Ra-228 ranged from 0.49-1.06. For the treated and tap water, each age groups' annual committed effective dose was lower than the international regulations. The concentration of the total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, sodium, barium, and manganese met the national regulations. However, during the rainy season, the surface water in the area was affected by saltwater intrusion, with salinity up to 4.1‰. Discriminant analysis was applied to study the differences among the water groups. As a result, the treated and tap water were separated from the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan Long Ho
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Le Dinh Hung
- Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Tuan Minh
- Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Dang Van Chinh
- Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thien Thanh
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Chau Van Tao
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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