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Wu X, Du J, Gao Y, Wang H, Zhang C, Zhang R, He H, Lu GM, Wu Z. Progress and challenges in nitrous oxide decomposition and valorization. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8379-8423. [PMID: 39007174 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00919j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) decomposition is increasingly acknowledged as a viable strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing ozone depletion, aligning significantly with the UN's sustainable development goals (SDGs) and carbon neutrality objectives. To enhance efficiency in treatment and explore potential valorization, recent developments have introduced novel N2O reduction catalysts and pathways. Despite these advancements, a comprehensive and comparative review is absent. In this review, we undertake a thorough evaluation of N2O treatment technologies from a holistic perspective. First, we summarize and update the recent progress in thermal decomposition, direct catalytic decomposition (deN2O), and selective catalytic reduction of N2O. The scope extends to the catalytic activity of emerging catalysts, including nanostructured materials and single-atom catalysts. Furthermore, we present a detailed account of the mechanisms and applications of room-temperature techniques characterized by low energy consumption and sustainable merits, including photocatalytic and electrocatalytic N2O reduction. This article also underscores the extensive and effective utilization of N2O resources in chemical synthesis scenarios, providing potential avenues for future resource reuse. This review provides an accessible theoretical foundation and a panoramic vision for practical N2O emission controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Changbin Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Runduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | | | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Li Y, Jiang R, Xu S, Gong X. Theoretical Study on the Gas‐Phase Oxidation Mechanism of Ethylene by Nitrous Oxide. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Li
- School of Environmental & Safety Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 PR China
| | - Rongpei Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Research and Application for Aerospace Green Propellants Beijing 100074 PR China
| | - Sen Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210094 PR China
| | - Xuedong Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210094 PR China
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Parfenov MV, Ivanov DP, Kharitonov AS, Dubkov KA. Gas-Phase Selective Oxidation of Butenes in the C4 Fraction by Nitrous Oxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Parfenov
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry P. Ivanov
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Kharitonov
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Dubkov
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Dubkov KA, Semikolenov SV, Ivanov DP, Kharitonov AS. Reducing the Olefin Content in Light Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Treatment with Nitrous Oxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A. Dubkov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry P. Ivanov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Dubkov KA, Parfenov MV, Kharitonov AS. Gas-Phase Oxidation of a Propane–Propylene Mixture by Nitrous Oxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin A. Dubkov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Parfenov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Prospect Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Theoretical study on the gas-phase reaction mechanism of ammonia with nitrous oxide. J Mol Model 2020; 26:48. [PMID: 32020355 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-4291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Applications of nitrous oxide (N2O) as an oxidant in green propellants and propulsion systems have attracted a lot of attention. In this study, the reaction pathways for the oxidation of ammonia (NH3) with N2O were studied using the B3LYP/6-31++G** method of density functional theory (DFT). The results reveal that the reaction between N2O and NH3 proceeds through a chain reaction mechanism. N2O reacts with NH3 to form N2 and NH3O first and then NH3O decomposes into NH3 and O. This process corresponds to the apparent reaction N2O+M=N2+O+M (M=NH3), but the energy barrier of the process (183.49 kJ/mol) is much lower than the direct decomposition reaction of N2O=N2+O (279.05 kJ/mol). The O radical produced in this process reacts subsequently with NH3 and N2O to produce more radicals such as NH2, OH, and NO, which will take part in further reactions like NH3+OH=NH2+H2O and NH2+NO=N2+H2O until the reactants are consumed.
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Semikolenov S, Ivanov D, Babushkin D, Malykhin S, Kharitonov A, Dubkov K. Generation of methylene by the liquid phase oxidation of isobutene with nitrous oxide. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kharitonov AS, Ivanov DP, Parfenov MV, Piryutko LV, Semikolenov SV, Dubkov KA, Pereima VY, Noskov AS, Kondrashev DO, Kleymenov AV, Vedernikov OS, Kuznetsov SE, Galkin VV, Abrashenkov PA. New methods for the preparation of high-octane components from catalytic cracking olefins. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050417030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Langham JV, O'Brien RA, Davis JH, West KN. Solubility of CO 2 and N 2O in an Imidazolium-Based Lipidic Ionic Liquid. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:10524-10530. [PMID: 27649307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been extensively studied for their ability to dissolve a wide variety of gases and for their potential to be used as separation agents in industrial processes. For many short chain 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimde salts, CO2 and N2O solublities are very similar. In this work, the solubility of CO2 and N2O has been measured in the lipidic ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(Z-octadec-9-enyl)imidazolium bistriflimide ([oleyl-mim][NTf2]) at 298 K, 310 and 323 K up to ∼2 MPa. N2O was found to have higher solubility than CO2 under the same conditions, similar to the behavior observed when olive oil, a natural lipid, was the liquid solvent. However, the solubility of each gas on a mole fraction basis is lower in the ionic liquid than in olive oil. Comparison of the gas solubilities on a mass fraction basis demonstrates that CO2 solubility is nearly identical in both liquids; N2O solubility is higher than CO2 for both liquids, but more so in the olive oil. The difference is attributed to the high mass fraction of the olive oil that is lipid-like in character. The differential solubility of N2O/CO2 in this ionic liquid, in contrast to that of shorter chain 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide salts, gives physical insight into the solvent properties of this class of ionic liquids and provides further support for their lipid-like character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob V Langham
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama 36608, United States
| | - Richard A O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama 36608, United States
| | - James H Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama 36608, United States
| | - Kevin N West
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama 36608, United States
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Ivanov D, Babushkin D, Semikolenov S, Malykhin S, Kharitonov A, Dubkov K. Effect of cis / trans isomerism on selective oxidation of olefins with nitrous oxide. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lowering N2O emissions from soils using eucalypt biochar: the importance of redox reactions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16773. [PMID: 26615820 PMCID: PMC4663753 DOI: 10.1038/srep16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural soils are the primary anthropogenic source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O), contributing to global warming and depletion of stratospheric ozone. Biochar addition has shown potential to lower soil N2O emission, with the mechanisms remaining unclear. We incubated eucalypt biochar (550 °C) – 0, 1 and 5% (w/w) in Ferralsol at 3 water regimes (12, 39 and 54% WFPS) – in a soil column, following gamma irradiation. After N2O was injected at the base of the soil column, in the 0% biochar control 100% of expected injected N2O was released into headspace, declining to 67% in the 5% amendment. In a 100% biochar column at 6% WFPS, only 16% of the expected N2O was observed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy identified changes in surface functional groups suggesting interactions between N2O and the biochar surfaces. We have shown increases in -O-C = N /pyridine pyrrole/NH3, suggesting reactions between N2O and the carbon (C) matrix upon exposure to N2O. With increasing rates of biochar application, higher pH adjusted redox potentials were observed at the lower water contents. Evidence suggests that biochar has taken part in redox reactions reducing N2O to dinitrogen (N2), in addition to adsorption of N2O.
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Newman SG, Lee K, Cai J, Yang L, Green WH, Jensen KF. Continuous Thermal Oxidation of Alkenes with Nitrous Oxide in a Packed Bed Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G. Newman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kyoungmi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jianghuai Cai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William H. Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Cornelissen G, Rutherford DW, Arp HPH, Dörsch P, Kelly CN, Rostad CE. Sorption of pure N2O to biochars and other organic and inorganic materials under anhydrous conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:7704-7712. [PMID: 23758057 DOI: 10.1021/es400676q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil is commonly observed after amendment with biochar. The mechanisms accounting for this suppression are not yet understood. One possible contributing mechanism is N2O sorption to biochar. The sorption of N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) to four biochars was measured in an anhydrous system with pure N2O. The biochar data were compared to those for two activated carbons and other components potentially present in soils-uncharred pine wood and peat-and five inorganic metal oxides with variable surface areas. Langmuir maximum sorption capacities (Qmax) for N2O on the pine wood biochars (generated between 250 and 500 °C) and activated carbons were 17-73 cm(3) g(-1) at 20 °C (median 51 cm(3) g(-1)), with Langmuir affinities (b) of 2-5 atm(-1) (median 3.4 atm(-1)). Both Qmax and b of the charred materials were substantially higher than those for peat, uncharred wood, and metal oxides [Qmax 1-34 cm(3) g(-1) (median 7 cm(3) g(-1)); b 0.4-1.7 atm(-1) (median 0.7 atm(-1))]. This indicates that biochar can bind N2O more strongly than both mineral and organic soil materials. Qmax and b for CO2 were comparable to those for N2O. Modeled sorption coefficients obtained with an independent polyparameter-linear free-energy relationship matched measured data within a factor 2 for mineral surfaces but underestimated by a factor of 5-24 for biochar and carbonaceous surfaces. Isosteric enthalpies of sorption of N2O were mostly between -20 and -30 kJ mol(-1), slightly more exothermic than enthalpies of condensation (-16.1 kJ mol(-1)). Qmax of N2O on biochar (50000-130000 μg g(-1) biochar at 20 °C) exceeded the N2O emission suppressions observed in the literature (range 0.5-960 μg g(-1) biochar; median 16 μg g(-1)) by several orders of magnitude. Thus, the hypothesis could not be falsified that sorption of N2O to biochar is a mechanism of N2O emission suppression.
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Ketonization of a nitrile-butadiene rubber by nitrous oxide: Comparison with the ketonization of other type diene rubbers. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dubkov KA, Semikolenov SV, Ivanov DP, Babushkin DE, Matsko MA, Panov GI. Synthesis of functionalized liquid rubbers from polyisoprene. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Spokas KA, Koskinen WC, Baker JM, Reicosky DC. Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:574-81. [PMID: 19647284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A potential abatement to increasing levels of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the atmosphere is the use of pyrolysis to convert vegetative biomass into a more stable form of carbon (biochar) that could then be applied to the soil. However, the impacts of pyrolysis biochar on the soil system need to be assessed before initiating large scale biochar applications to agricultural fields. We compared CO(2) respiration, nitrous oxide (N(2)O) production, methane (CH(4)) oxidation and herbicide retention and transformation through laboratory incubations at field capacity in a Minnesota soil (Waukegan silt loam) with and without added biochar. CO(2) originating from the biochar needs to be subtracted from the soil-biochar combination in order to elucidate the impact of biochar on soil respiration. After this correction, biochar amendments reduced CO(2) production for all amendment levels tested (2, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60% w/w; corresponding to 24-720 tha(-1) field application rates). In addition, biochar additions suppressed N(2)O production at all levels. However, these reductions were only significant at biochar amendment levels >20% w/w. Biochar additions also significantly suppressed ambient CH(4) oxidation at all levels compared to unamended soil. The addition of biochar (5% w/w) to soil increased the sorption of atrazine and acetochlor compared to non-amended soils, resulting in decreased dissipation rates of these herbicides. The recalcitrance of the biochar suggests that it could be a viable carbon sequestration strategy, and might provide substantial net greenhouse gas benefits if the reductions in N(2)O production are lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Spokas
- USDA-ARS, Soil and Water Research Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, 439 Borlaug Hall, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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Hermans I, Janssen K, Moens B, Philippaerts A, Van Berlo B, Peeters J, Jacobs P, Sels B. Solvent- and Metal-Free Ketonization of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Triacylglycerols with Nitrous Oxide. Adv Synth Catal 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Starokon’ EV, Shubnikov KS, Dubkov KA, Kharitonov AS, Panov GI. High-temperature carboxidation of cyclopentene with nitrous oxide. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158407030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hermans I, Moens B, Peeters J, Jacobs P, Sels B. Diazo chemistry controlling the selectivity of olefin ketonisation by nitrous oxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4269-74. [PMID: 17687475 DOI: 10.1039/b704351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The thermal reaction of olefins with nitrous oxide was recently put forward as a promising synthetic ketone source. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N(2)O to the C=C double bond, forming a 4,5-dihydro-[1,2,3]oxadiazole intermediate, was predicted to be the first elementary reaction step. This oxadiazole can subsequently decompose to the desired carbonyl product and N(2)via a hydrogen shift. In this contribution, Potential Energy Surfaces are constructed at the reliable G2M level of theory and used to evaluate thermal rate constants by Transition State Theory. Compelling theoretical and experimental evidence is presented that an oxadiazole intermediate not only can undergo a hydrogen shift, but eventually also a methyl- or even an alkyl-shift. Special emphasis is also given on a hitherto neglected decomposition of the oxadiazole via a concerted C-C and N-O cleavage. For some substrates, such as internal olefins, this diazo route is negligibly slow, compared to the ketone path, leaving no marks on the selectivity. For cyclopentene the diazo cleavage was however found to be nearly as fast as the desired ketone route. However, the diazo compound, viz. 5-diazopentanal, reconstitutes the oxadiazole much faster upon ring-closure than it is converted to side-products. Therefore, a pre-equilibrium between the diazoalkanal and the oxadiazole is established, explaining the high ketone yield. On the other hand, for primary alkenes, such a concerted C-C and N-O cleavage to diazomethane is identified as an important side reaction, producing aldehydes with the loss of one C-atom. For these substrates, the bimolecular back-reaction of the C(n-1) aldehyde and diazomethane is too slow to sustain an equilibrium with the oxadiazole; diazomethane rather reacts with the substrate to form cyclopropane derivatives. The overall selectivity is thus determined by a combination of H-, methyl- or alkyl-shift, and the eventual impact of a diazo cleavage in the oxadiazole intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ive Hermans
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, K.U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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Korolev VL, Petukhova TV, Pivina TS, Porollo AA, Sheremetev AB, Suponitskii KY, Ivshin VP. Thermal decomposition mechanisms of nitro-1,2,4-triazoles: A theoretical study. Russ Chem Bull 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-006-0430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Semikolenov SV, Dubkov KA, Starokon' EV, Babushkin DE, Panov GI. Liquid-phase noncatalytic butene oxidation with nitrous oxide. Russ Chem Bull 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-005-0339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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