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Toth D, Reglodi D, Schwieters L, Tamas A. Role of endocrine PACAP in age-related diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1118927. [PMID: 36967746 PMCID: PMC10033946 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1118927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a conserved neuropeptide, which confers diverse anti-aging endocrine and paracrine/autocrine effects, including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action. The results of the in vivo and in vitro experiments show that increasing emphasis is being placed on the diagnostic/prognostic biomarker potential of this neuropeptide in a wide array of age-related diseases. After the initial findings regarding the presence and alteration of PACAP in different body fluids in physiological processes, an increasing number of studies have focused on the changes of its levels in various pathological conditions associated with advanced aging. Until 2016 - when the results of previous human studies were reviewed - a vast majority of the studies had dealt with age-related neurological diseases, like cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, as well as some other common diseases in elderly such as migraine, traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic hepatitis and nephrotic syndrome. The aim of this review is to summarize the old and the new results and highlight those 'classical' and emerging clinical fields in which PACAP may become subject to further investigation as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker in age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denes Toth
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, ELKH-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lili Schwieters
- Department of Anatomy, ELKH-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andrea Tamas
- Department of Anatomy, ELKH-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Andrea Tamas,
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Tamás A, Tóth D, Pham D, Loibl C, Rendeki S, Csontos C, Rozanovic M, Bogár L, Polgár B, Németh J, Gyenesei A, Herczeg R, Szántó Z, Reglődi D. Changes of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) level in polytrauma patients in the early post-traumatic period. Peptides 2021; 146:170645. [PMID: 34478801 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In polytrauma patients who survive the primary insult, the imbalance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory processes seems to be responsible for life-threatening complications such as sepsis or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) is a standard way for differentiating between infectious (bacterial) and non-infectious inflammation. Monitoring of immune cell functions, like leukocyte anti-sedimentation rate (LAR) can also be useful to diagnose infectious complications. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with well-known immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of our study was to determine the changes of PACAP38 levels in polytrauma patients in the early post-traumatic period in intensive care unit and analyse possible correlation of its level with conventional (CRP, PCT) and unconventional (LAR) laboratory parameters. Twenty polytrauma patients were enrolled. Blood samples were taken daily for five days. We observed significant correlation between PACAP38 and CRP levels on day 4 and 5 as well as between PACAP38 and LAR levels all of the days. This could be due to the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective functions of PACAP38 as part of an endogenous response to the trauma induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. These significant correlations could have clinical importance in monitoring the dynamic balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory processes in case of polytraumatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tamás
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Dénes Tóth
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Dániel Pham
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Loibl
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Szilárd Rendeki
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Csontos
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Martin Rozanovic
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Lajos Bogár
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Beáta Polgár
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - József Németh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Róbert Herczeg
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Zalán Szántó
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Centre, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Reglődi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, Centre for Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624, Pecs, Hungary.
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