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Kim M, Jee SC, Sung JS. Hepatoprotective Effects of Flavonoids against Benzo[a]Pyrene-Induced Oxidative Liver Damage along Its Metabolic Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:180. [PMID: 38397778 PMCID: PMC10886006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a highly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon primarily formed during incomplete organic matter combustion, undergoes a series of hepatic metabolic reactions once absorbed into the body. B[a]P contributes to liver damage, ranging from molecular DNA damage to the onset and progression of various diseases, including cancer. Specifically, B[a]P induces oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species generation within cells. Consequently, more research has focused on exploring the underlying mechanisms of B[a]P-induced oxidative stress and potential strategies to counter its hepatic toxicity. Flavonoids, natural compounds abundant in plants and renowned for their antioxidant properties, possess the ability to neutralize the adverse effects of free radicals effectively. Although extensive research has investigated the antioxidant effects of flavonoids, limited research has delved into their potential in regulating B[a]P metabolism to alleviate oxidative stress. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on B[a]P-induced liver oxidative stress and examines the role of flavonoids in mitigating its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.)
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Liang H, Xu L, Zhao X, Pan K, Yi Z, Bai J, Qi X, Xin J, Li M, Ouyang K, Song X, Liu C, Qu M. RNA-Seq analysis reveals the potential molecular mechanisms of daidzein on adipogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue of finishing Xianan beef cattle. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 104:1-11. [PMID: 31850600 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Daidzein has been reported to be effective in regulating lipid metabolism in animals. However, the molecular mechanisms of daidzein on adipogenesis in beef cattle are not yet reported and the results of daidzein on affecting lipid metabolism in other species have been conflicting. High-throughput sequencing of mRNA (RNA-Seq) technology was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of daidzein on adipogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue of finishing Xianan beef cattle. A total of 893 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by differential expression analysis, among which 405 genes were upregulated and 488 genes were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that these DEGs were significantly enriched to the pathways related to lipid metabolism including ECM-receptor interaction, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis and Hedgehog signalling pathway. Daidzein significantly affected the candidate genes (Shh, Pec, Gli, Wnt6, DLK, IGFBP2, ID3 and C/EBPE) related to adipocyte differentiation. Besides, daidzein improved the ability of subcutaneous adipocytes in synthesizing triglycerides by directly using the long-chain fatty acids and enhanced the efficiency of triglyceride synthesis of subcutaneous adipocytes in Xianan steers. In conclusion, daidzein plays a positive role not only in adipogenic differentiation, but also in triglyceride synthesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Xianan beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lanjiao Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhonghua Yi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinglei Qi
- Animal Husbandry Bureau of Biyang County, Biyang, China
| | - Junping Xin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meifa Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kehui Ouyang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang Q, Xie H, Chen D, Yu B, Huang Z, Zheng P, Mao X, Yu J, Luo Y, Luo J, He J. Dietary Daidzein Supplementation During Pregnancy Facilitates Fetal Growth in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800921. [PMID: 30365232 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Daidzein, a natural isoflavone with estrogen-like activity, has been implicated in the regulation of reproductive performance in mammals. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Here, the effects and potential mechanisms of daidzein supplementation on fetal growth in rats have been explored. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats are assigned to receive either an AIN-93M diet or an AIN-93M diet supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 daidzein. Blood, placental, and fetus samples were collected on day 15 of gestation. It is shown that daidzein significantly improves the rat reproductive performance, which is associated with a higher fetus number, and the weight of the fetus and placenta (p < 0.05). Daidzein also increases the maternal serum estrogen and leptin concentrations, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05). Notably, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomics analysis identifies 43 differentially expressed (DE) proteins in the placenta upon daidzein supplementation (p < 0.05). Interestingly, critical proteins involved in amino acid transport and metabolism, embryonic development, ubiquitination processes, and immune responses are upregulated in the daidzein group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results not only indicate a beneficial effect of daidzein supplementation on reproductive performance but also offer potential mechanisms behind daidzein-facilitated fetal growth in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Xie
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China.,Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, Shandon, 261061, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P. R. China
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Effects of daidzein on performance, serum metabolites, nutrient digestibility, and fecal bacterial community in bull calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Santos MA, Florencio-Silva R, Teixeira CP, Sasso GRDS, Marinho DS, Simões RS, Simões MJ, Carbonel AF. Effects of early and late treatment with soy isoflavones in the mammary gland of ovariectomized rats. Climacteric 2015; 19:77-84. [PMID: 26606166 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1094783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soy isoflavones have been shown to be an alternative to hormone therapy at menopause, without causing side-effects such as breast cancer. However, the effects of early and late treatment with isoflavones on the mammary gland remain controversial. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of early and late treatment with soy isoflavones on the mammary gland of ovariectomized rats. METHODS Thirty 3-month-old rats were ovariectomized and divided equally into groups: Control, treated with vehicle solution; or with 150 mg/kg/body weight of isoflavones by gavage; or subcutaneously treated with 10 μg/kg/body weight with 17β-estradiol. Treatments started 3 days (early treatment) or 30 days (late treatment) after ovariectomy and lasted for 30 consecutive days. Thereafter, the animals were euthanized and the mammary glands were removed and processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histomorphometry or subjected to immunohistochemical detection of Ki-67 and VEGF-A. RESULTS The ductal, lobular and total epithelial fractions were similar between controls and the early/late isoflavone groups, but they were significantly higher in the groups treated with estradiol. In both epithelial and stromal regions, the immunoreactivity of VEGF-A and the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells were significantly higher in the groups treated with estradiol, while they were similar in the early/late isoflavone groups and control groups. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that early and late treatment with soy isoflavones at the dose of 150 mg/kg/body weight does not show proliferative and angiogenic effects on the mammary gland of ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Florencio-Silva
- b Morphology and Genetics , Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo
| | - C P Teixeira
- b Morphology and Genetics , Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo
| | | | - D Souza Marinho
- b Morphology and Genetics , Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo
| | - R S Simões
- c Gynecology, Universidade De São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - M J Simões
- b Morphology and Genetics , Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo
| | - A Ferraz Carbonel
- b Morphology and Genetics , Universidade Federal De São Paulo , São Paulo
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Androgen deprivation by flutamide modulates uPAR, MMP-9 expressions, lipid profile, and oxidative stress: amelioration by daidzein. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 374:49-59. [PMID: 23135684 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The growth and development of prostate gland is governed by testosterone. Testosterone helps in maintaining the adipose tissue stores of the body. It is well documented that with advancing age there has been a gradual decline in testosterone levels. Our aim was to study the protective role of daidzein on flutamide-induced androgen deprivation on matrix degrading genes, lipid profile and oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Sub-chronic (60 days) flutamide (30 mg/kg b.wt) administration resulted in marked increase in expressions of matrix degrading genes [matrix metalloproteases 9 and urokinase plasminogen activation receptor]. Additionally, it increased the levels of low density lipoproteins, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lowered the levels of high density lipoproteins and endogenous antioxidant levels. Oral administration of daidzein (20 and 60 mg/kg b.wt) restituted the levels to normal. Daidzein administration resulted in amelioration of the prostate atrophy, degeneracy and invasiveness induced by flutamide. Our findings suggest that the daidzein may be given as dietary supplement to patients who are on androgen deprivation therapy, to minimize the adverse effects related to it and also retarding susceptibility of patients to cardiovascular diseases.
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Stagos D, Amoutzias GD, Matakos A, Spyrou A, Tsatsakis AM, Kouretas D. Chemoprevention of liver cancer by plant polyphenols. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2155-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Daidzein attenuates inflammation and exhibits antifibrotic effect against Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mishra P, Kar A, Kale RK. Prepubertal daidzein exposure enhances mammary gland differentiation and regulates the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha and apoptotic proteins. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2011; 2011:896826. [PMID: 22091435 PMCID: PMC3200189 DOI: 10.5402/2011/896826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism of chemoprevention by daidzein (500 μg/g bwt) was examined by injecting it subcutaneously at 16th, 18th, and 20th day postpartum, followed by counting of terminal end buds (TEBs), terminal ducts (TDs), and lobules and immunohistochemistry of ER-α, Bcl2, Bax, and caspase-3. DNA fragmentation was also analysed to measure the apoptosis level. Estradiol benzoate (EB) (500 ng/g bwt) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) were used as reference and vehicle, respectively. Observations show a significant enhancement of mammary gland differentiation at postnatal day 21 (PND21) as well as PND50. There was a significant decrease of ER-α expression at PND21 and increase in its expression at PND50, in daidzein-treated animals. The ratio of expression of Bcl-2 to Bax proteins increased at PND50 the same whereas, it decreased at PND50 due to daidzein. An increased expression of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation was also seen due to daidzein at PND50. The mammary gland of EB-treated animals showed response a somewhat similar to that of daidzein-treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Mishra
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi-110067, India
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Xu RY, Nan P, Yang Y, Pan H, Zhou T, Chen J. Ultraviolet irradiation induces accumulation of isoflavonoids and transcription of genes of enzymes involved in the calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside pathway in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2011; 142:265-273. [PMID: 21438882 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01474.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids are a group of phenolic secondary metabolites found almost exclusively in leguminous plants. Formononetin, calycosin and calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (CG) are isoflavonoid products in the CG pathway. Accumulation of the three isoflavonoids plus daidzein and expression of six genes of enzymes involved in the CG pathway were studied in Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Our results showed that (1) main isoflavonoids in roots, stems and leaves were CG, daidzein and calycosin, respectively; they accumulated significantly under the induction of UV irradiation during 8 days but their content declined later; (2) expression of six genes of enzymes involved in the CG pathway was inhibited slightly at early stage but the expression was increased greatly afterward; (3) chalcone synthase, chalcone reductase and chalcone isomerase were expressed to their individual maximum level within shorter hours than were cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, isoflavone synthase (IFS) and isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase and (4) more calycosin but less daidzein accumulated in leaves. IFS was highly expressed in leaves, which might lead to high accumulation of the common precursor of daidzein and 2,7-dihydroxy-4'-O-methoxy-isoflavanone, the latter of which would be converted to formononetin, calycosin and CG via a series of reactions. Little daidzein accumulated in leaves, which suggested that rather than be converted to daidzein, the 2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone was probably more easily caught by 2-hydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferase and hence provided more precursors for formononetin. The findings were discussed in terms of the influence of UV irradiation in the accumulation of isoflavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yan Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Dimitrova-Shumkovska J, Veenman L, Ristoski T, Leschiner S, Gavish M. Decreases in binding capacity of the mitochondrial 18 kda translocator protein accompany oxidative stress and pathological signs in rat liver after DMBA exposure. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 38:957-68. [PMID: 21037200 DOI: 10.1177/0192623310379137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) presents a pollutant implicated in various toxicological effects. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of DMBA administration on oxidative stress, histopathological signs, and 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) binding characteristics in rat liver. We also studied the effects of dose stoichiometry, dose frequency, and duration of protocol of DMBA administration. In this study, rats surviving eighteen weeks after DMBA exposure showed mild to moderate histopathological changes in the liver, mainly characterized by glossy appearance of hepatocytes, heterochromatic nuclei, and glycogen overload in the midzonal region of the hepatic lobe. These changes were accompanied by significant rises in oxidant levels, along with declines in nonenzymic antioxidants, indicating that DMBA induced oxidative stress in the liver. This finding correlated well with decreases in TSPO binding capacity in the liver of the rats in our study. Other studies have shown that TSPO can be affected by oxidative stress, as well as contribute to oxidative stress at mitochondrial levels. Further studies are needed to assay whether the decreases in TSPO density in the liver are part of the damaging effects caused by DMBA or a compensatory response to the oxidative stress induced by DMBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Dimitrova-Shumkovska
- Institute of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Pugalendhi P, Manoharan S, Suresh K, Baskaran N. Genistein and daidzein, in combination, protect cellular integrity during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2010; 8:91-7. [PMID: 22238489 PMCID: PMC3252688 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v8i2.63196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The status of glycoconjugates (protein bound hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose) in plasma or serum serve as potential biomarkers for assessing tumor progression and therapeutic interventions. Aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of two major soy isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, in combination on the status of glycoconjugates in plasma, erythrocyte membrane and mammary tissues during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. A single subcutaneous injection of DMBA (25 mg rat(-1)) in the mammary gland developed mammary carcinoma in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Elevated levels of plasma and mammary tissue glycoconjugates accompanied by reduction in erythrocyte membrane glycoconjugates were observed in rats bearing mammary tumors. Oral administration of genistein + daidzein (20 mg + 20 mg kg(-1) bw/day) to DMBA treated rats significantly (p< 0.05) brought back the status of glycoconjugates to near normal range. The present study thus demonstrated that genistein and daidzein in combination protected the structural integrity of the cell surface and membranes during DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachaiappan Pugalendhi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Panda S, Kar A. A novel phytochemical, digoxigenin-3-O-rutin in the amelioration of isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rat: a comparison with digoxin. Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 30:125-35. [PMID: 20961399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The commonly used cardiac glycoside, digoxin (DIG), has a narrow therapeutic window. Although some investigations were made to counteract its toxic effects, no alternate phytochemical is available till date that is more potent and safer than DIG. AIMS Our main aim was to isolate a novel cardenolide from the seeds of Trigonella foenum graceium and to evaluate its relative potential in comparison to that of DIG. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In one experiment effects of the isolated compound at 2.5, 5.0, and 10 mg/kg (p.o.) were evaluated in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiovascular problems in rats. As the test drug (TDR) reversed most of the ISO-induced changes, it was subjected to the phytochemical analyses and was identified as digoxigenin-3-O-rutin. In another experiment effects of DIG and rutin (Rtn) were compared with those of TDR or DIG alone. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was also measured by electron spin resonance (EPR). RESULTS digoxigenin-3-O-rutin at 10 mg/kg markedly reduced the ISO-induced increase in cardiac lipid peroxidation and in the levels of serum creatinine phosphokinase-MB, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine. It also reversed the ISO-induced changes in the cardiac histomorphology. Interestingly TDR appeared to be more effective than DIG alone or DIG and Rtn in combination. CONCLUSION The newly isolated digoxigenin-3-O-rutin appears to be more potent and safe than digoxin. Its higher efficacy could be due to its structural specificity and might have been mediated through its better free radical scavenging action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunanda Panda
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Takhshila Campus, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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Pugalendhi P, Manoharan S. Chemopreventive potential of genistein and daidzein in combination during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2010; 13:279-86. [PMID: 20506715 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.279.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemopreventive potential of two major soy isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, in mammary carcinogenesis remains enigmatic. The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemopreventive potential of orally administered genistein, daidzein and genistein+daidzein in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. The chemopreventive potential was assessed by monitoring the tumor incidence and tumor volume as well as by analyzing the status of biochemical markers (17beta-estradiol (E2)), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes) during DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. A single subcutaneous injection of DMBA (25 mg rat(-1)) in the mammary gland developed mammary carcinoma in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Oral administration of genistein (20 mg kg(-1) b.wt.), daidzein (20 mg kg(-1) b.wt.) and genistein+daidzein (20 mg+20 mg kg(-1) b.wt.) to DMBA treated rats significantly prevented the tumor incidence and tumor volume as well as brought back the status of above said biochemical variables. Genistein and daidzein in combination have shown pronounced chemopreventive potential than either as genistein or daidzein alone. The present study revealed the chemopreventive potential of genistein+daidzein in combination during DMBA induced mammary carcinogenesis. The chemopreventive potential of genistein+daidzein is probably due to their antilipid peroxidative efficacy and modulatory effect on phase I and phase II detoxification cascade during DMBA induced mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pugalendhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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