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Aloysius A, DasGupta R, Dhawan J. The transcription factor Lef1 switches partners from β-catenin to Smad3 during muscle stem cell quiescence. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/540/eaan3000. [PMID: 30042129 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs), also known as satellite cells, persist in adult mammals by entering a state of quiescence (G0) during the early postnatal period. Quiescence is reversed during damage-induced regeneration and re-established after regeneration. Entry of cultured myoblasts into G0 is associated with a specific, reversible induction of Wnt target genes, thus implicating members of the Tcf and Lef1 (Tcf/Lef) transcription factor family, which mediate transcriptional responses to Wnt signaling, in the initiation of quiescence. We found that the canonical Wnt effector β-catenin, which cooperates with Tcf/Lef, was dispensable for myoblasts to enter quiescence. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches in cultured C2C12 myoblasts and in MuSCs, we demonstrated that Tcf/Lef activity during quiescence depended not on β-catenin but on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) effector and transcriptional coactivator Smad3, which colocalized with Lef1 at canonical Wnt-responsive elements and directly interacted with Lef1 specifically in G0 Depletion of Smad3, but not β-catenin, reduced Lef1 occupancy at target promoters, Tcf/Lef target gene expression, and self-renewal of myoblasts. In vivo, MuSCs underwent a switch from β-catenin-Lef1 to Smad3-Lef1 interactions during the postnatal switch from proliferation to quiescence, with β-catenin-Lef1 interactions recurring during damage-induced reactivation. Our findings suggest that the interplay of Wnt-Tcf/Lef and TGF-β-Smad3 signaling activates canonical Wnt target promoters in a manner that depends on β-catenin during myoblast proliferation but is independent of β-catenin during MuSC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajoy Aloysius
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India.,Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
| | | | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India. .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India
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2
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McClelland Descalzo DL, Satoorian TS, Walker LM, Sparks NRL, Pulyanina PY, Zur Nieden NI. Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress Reduces Proliferation in Embryonic Stem Cells via FOXO3A/β-Catenin-Dependent Transcription of p21(cip1). Stem Cell Reports 2017; 7:55-68. [PMID: 27411103 PMCID: PMC4945584 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are derived from a peri-implantation embryo, are routinely cultured in medium containing diabetic glucose (Glc) concentrations. While pregnancy in women with pre-existing diabetes may result in small embryos, whether such high Glc levels affect ESC growth remains uncovered. We show here that long-term exposure of ESCs to diabetic Glc inhibits their proliferation, thereby mimicking in vivo findings. Molecularly, Glc exposure increased oxidative stress and activated Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a), promoting increased expression and activity of the ROS-removal enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and the cell-cycle inhibitors p21cip1 and p27kip1. Diabetic Glc also promoted β-catenin nuclear localization and the formation of a complex with FOXO3a that localized to the promoters of Sod2, p21cip1, and potentially p27kip1. Our results demonstrate an adaptive response to increases in oxidative stress induced by diabetic Glc conditions that promote ROS removal, but also result in a decrease in proliferation. Exposure of ESCs to diabetic glucose (Glc) induces oxidative stress ESCs fight oxidative stress via FOXO3a-mediated transcription of Sod2 FOXO3a activation promotes p21cip1 and p27kip1 expression and cell-cycle inhibition Glc regulates FOXO3a/β-catenin co-occupation of the p21 and Sod2 promoters
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcie L McClelland Descalzo
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Tiffany S Satoorian
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lauren M Walker
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Nicole R L Sparks
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Polina Y Pulyanina
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Department of Cell Biology & Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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3
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Moreira S, Polena E, Gordon V, Abdulla S, Mahendram S, Cao J, Blais A, Wood GA, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Doble BW. A Single TCF Transcription Factor, Regardless of Its Activation Capacity, Is Sufficient for Effective Trilineage Differentiation of ESCs. Cell Rep 2017; 20:2424-2438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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4
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Onyido EK, Sweeney E, Nateri AS. Wnt-signalling pathways and microRNAs network in carcinogenesis: experimental and bioinformatics approaches. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:56. [PMID: 27590724 PMCID: PMC5010773 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have not only emerged as integral regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level but also respond to signalling molecules to affect cell function(s). miRNAs crosstalk with a variety of the key cellular signalling networks such as Wnt, transforming growth factor-β and Notch, control stem cell activity in maintaining tissue homeostasis, while if dysregulated contributes to the initiation and progression of cancer. Herein, we overview the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the crosstalk between Wnt-signalling components (canonical and non-canonical) and miRNAs, as well as changes in the miRNA/Wnt-signalling components observed in the different forms of cancer. Furthermore, the fundamental understanding of miRNA-mediated regulation of Wnt-signalling pathway and vice versa has been significantly improved by high-throughput genomics and bioinformatics technologies. Whilst, these approaches have identified a number of specific miRNA(s) that function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, additional analyses will be necessary to fully unravel the links among conserved cellular signalling pathways and miRNAs and their potential associated components in cancer, thereby creating therapeutic avenues against tumours. Hence, we also discuss the current challenges associated with Wnt-signalling/miRNAs complex and the analysis using the biomedical experimental and bioinformatics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emenike K Onyido
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer & Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Eloise Sweeney
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer & Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Abdolrahman Shams Nateri
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer & Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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5
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Corbett L, Mann J, Mann DA. Non-Canonical Wnt Predominates in Activated Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells, Influencing HSC Survival and Paracrine Stimulation of Kupffer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142794. [PMID: 26566235 PMCID: PMC4643911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt system is highly complex and is comprised of canonical and non-canonical pathways leading to the activation of gene expression. Our aim was to examine changes in the expression of Wnt ligands and regulators during hepatic stellate cell (HSC) transdifferentiation and assess the relative contributions of the canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways in fibrogenic activated HSC. The expression profile of Wnt ligands and regulators in HSC was not supportive for a major role for β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt signalling, this verified by inability to induce Topflash reporter activity in HSC even when expressing a constitutive active β-catenin. We detected expression of Wnt5a in activated HSC which can signal via non-canonical mechanisms and showed evidence for non-canonical signalling in these cells involving phosphorylation of Dvl2 and pJNK. Stimulation of HSC or Kupffer cells with Wnt5a regulated HSC apoptosis and expression of TGF-β1 and MCP1 respectively. We were unable to confirm a role for β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt in HSC and instead propose autocrine and paracrine functions for Wnts expressed by activated HSC via non-canonical pathways. The data warrant detailed investigation of Wnt5a in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Corbett
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Jelena Mann
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Derek A. Mann
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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6
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Park MS, Kausar R, Kim MW, Cho SY, Lee YS, Lee MA. Tcf7l1-mediated transcriptional regulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 gene. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2014.991351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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7
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Du M, Yuan T, Schilter KF, Dittmar RL, Mackinnon A, Huang X, Tschannen M, Worthey E, Jacob H, Xia S, Gao J, Tillmans L, Lu Y, Liu P, Thibodeau SN, Wang L. Prostate cancer risk locus at 8q24 as a regulatory hub by physical interactions with multiple genomic loci across the genome. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:154-66. [PMID: 25149474 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 8q24 locus contains regulatory variants that modulate genetic risk to various cancers including prostate cancer (PC). However, the biological mechanism underlying this regulation is not well understood. Here, we developed a chromosome conformation capture (3C)-based multi-target sequencing technology and systematically examined three PC risk regions at the 8q24 locus and their potential regulatory targets across human genome in six cell lines. We observed frequent physical contacts of this risk locus with multiple genomic regions, in particular, inter-chromosomal interaction with CD96 at 3q13 and intra-chromosomal interaction with MYC at 8q24. We identified at least five interaction hot spots within the predicted functional regulatory elements at the 8q24 risk locus. We also found intra-chromosomal interaction genes PVT1, FAM84B and GSDMC and inter-chromosomal interaction gene CXorf36 in most of the six cell lines. Other gene regions appeared to be cell line-specific, such as RRP12 in LNCaP, USP14 in DU-145 and SMIN3 in lymphoblastoid cell line. We further found that the 8q24 functional domains more likely interacted with genomic regions containing genes enriched in critical pathways such as Wnt signaling and promoter motifs such as E2F1 and TCF3. This result suggests that the risk locus may function as a regulatory hub by physical interactions with multiple genes important for prostate carcinogenesis. Further understanding genetic effect and biological mechanism of these chromatin interactions will shed light on the newly discovered regulatory role of the risk locus in PC etiology and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Du
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shu Xia
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jianzhong Gao
- Beijing 3H Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100176, China and
| | - Lori Tillmans
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center
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Kuwahara A, Sakai H, Xu Y, Itoh Y, Hirabayashi Y, Gotoh Y. Tcf3 represses Wnt-β-catenin signaling and maintains neural stem cell population during neocortical development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94408. [PMID: 24832538 PMCID: PMC4022625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During mouse neocortical development, the Wnt–β-catenin signaling pathway plays essential roles in various phenomena including neuronal differentiation and proliferation of neural precursor cells (NPCs). Production of the appropriate number of neurons without depletion of the NPC population requires precise regulation of the balance between differentiation and maintenance of NPCs. However, the mechanism that suppresses Wnt signaling to prevent premature neuronal differentiation of NPCs is poorly understood. We now show that the HMG box transcription factor Tcf3 (also known as Tcf7l1) contributes to this mechanism. Tcf3 is highly expressed in undifferentiated NPCs in the mouse neocortex, and its expression is reduced in intermediate neuronal progenitors (INPs) committed to the neuronal fate. We found Tcf3 to be a repressor of Wnt signaling in neocortical NPCs in a reporter gene assay. Tcf3 bound to the promoter of the proneural bHLH gene Neurogenin1 (Neurog1) and repressed its expression. Consistent with this, Tcf3 repressed neuronal differentiation and increased the self-renewal activity of NPCs. We also found that Wnt signal stimulation reduces the level of Tcf3, and increases those of Tcf1 (also known as Tcf7) and Lef1, positive mediators of Wnt signaling, in NPCs. Together, these results suggest that Tcf3 antagonizes Wnt signaling in NPCs, thereby maintaining their undifferentiated state in the neocortex and that Wnt signaling promotes the transition from Tcf3-mediated repression to Tcf1/Lef1-mediated enhancement of Wnt signaling, constituting a positive feedback loop that facilitates neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuanjiang Xu
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Itoh
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirabayashi
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yukiko Gotoh
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Atlasi Y, Noori R, Gaspar C, Franken P, Sacchetti A, Rafati H, Mahmoudi T, Decraene C, Calin GA, Merrill BJ, Fodde R. Wnt signaling regulates the lineage differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells through Tcf3 down-regulation. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003424. [PMID: 23658527 PMCID: PMC3642041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling plays a rate-limiting role in regulating self-renewal and differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We have previously shown that mutation in the Apc (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumor suppressor gene constitutively activates Wnt signaling in ESCs and inhibits their capacity to differentiate towards ecto-, meso-, and endodermal lineages. However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms through which Wnt regulates lineage differentiation in mouse ESCs remain to date largely unknown. To this aim, we have derived and studied the gene expression profiles of several Apc-mutant ESC lines encoding for different levels of Wnt signaling activation. We found that down-regulation of Tcf3, a member of the Tcf/Lef family and a key player in the control of self-renewal and pluripotency, represents a specific and primary response to Wnt activation in ESCs. Accordingly, rescuing Tcf3 expression partially restored the neural defects observed in Apc-mutant ESCs, suggesting that Tcf3 down-regulation is a necessary step towards Wnt-mediated suppression of neural differentiation. We found that Tcf3 down-regulation in the context of constitutively active Wnt signaling does not result from promoter DNA methylation but is likely to be caused by a plethora of mechanisms at both the RNA and protein level as shown by the observed decrease in activating histone marks (H3K4me3 and H3-acetylation) and the upregulation of miR-211, a novel Wnt-regulated microRNA that targets Tcf3 and attenuates early neural differentiation in mouse ESCs. Our data show for the first time that Wnt signaling down-regulates Tcf3 expression, possibly at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and thus highlight a novel mechanism through which Wnt signaling inhibits neuro-ectodermal lineage differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Atlasi
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rubina Noori
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Gaspar
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Franken
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Sacchetti
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Haleh Rafati
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tokameh Mahmoudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Decraene
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR144, Paris, France
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bradley J. Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Riccardo Fodde
- Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Liu W, Liu Y, Guo T, Hu C, Luo H, Zhang L, Shi S, Cai T, Ding Y, Jin Y. TCF3, a novel positive regulator of osteogenesis, plays a crucial role in miR-17 modulating the diverse effect of canonical Wnt signaling in different microenvironments. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e539. [PMID: 23492770 PMCID: PMC3613843 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathways are a highly conserved pathway, which plays an important role from the embryonic development to bone formation. The effect of Wnt pathway on osteogenesis relies on their cellular environment and the expression of target genes. However, the molecular mechanism of that remains unclear. On the basis of the preliminary results, we observed the contrary effect of canonical Wnt signaling on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in the different culture environment. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of miR-17 was also varied with the change in the culture environment. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-17 and canonical Wnt signaling may have potential interactions, particularly the inner regulation relationship in different microenvironments. In this paper, we observed that canonical Wnt signaling promoted osteogenesis of PDLSCs in the fully culture medium, while inhibited it in the osteogenic differentiation medium. Interestingly, alteration in the expression level of endogenous miR-17 could partially reverse the different effect of canonical Wnt signaling. Furthermore, the role of miR-17 was because of its target gene TCF3 (transcription factor 3), a key transcription factor of canonical Wnt pathway. Overexpression of TCF3 attenuated the effect of miR-17 on modulating canonical Wnt signaling. Finally, we elucidated that TCF3 enhanced osteogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In brief, the different level of miR-17 was the main cause of the different effect of canonical Wnt signaling, and TCF3 was the crucial node of miR-17–canonial Wnt signaling regulation loop. This understanding of microRNAs regulating signaling pathways in different microenvironments may pave the way for fine-tuning the process of osteogenesis in bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Chiaro C, Lazarova DL, Bordonaro M. Tcf3 and cell cycle factors contribute to butyrate resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 428:121-6. [PMID: 23063976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Butyrate, a fermentation product of dietary fiber, inhibits clonal growth in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells dependent upon the fold induction of Wnt activity. We have developed a CRC cell line (HCT-R) that, unlike its parental cell line, HCT-116, does not respond to butyrate exposure with hyperactivation of Wnt signaling and suppressed clonal growth. PCR array analyses revealed Wnt pathway-related genes, the expression of which differs between butyrate-sensitive HCT-116 CRC cells and their butyrate-resistant HCT-R cell counterparts. We identified overexpression of Tcf3 as being partially responsible for the butyrate-resistant phenotype, as this DNA-binding protein suppresses the hyperinduction of Wnt activity by butyrate. Consequently, Tcf3 knockdown in HCT-R cells restores their sensitivity to the effects of butyrate on Wnt activity and clonal cell growth. Interestingly, the effects of overexpressed Tcf3 differ between HCT-116 and HCT-R cells; thus, in HCT-116 cells Tcf3 suppresses proliferation without rendering the cells resistant to butyrate. In HCT-R cells, however, the overexpression of Tcf3 inhibits Wnt activity, and the cells are still able to proliferate due to the higher expression levels of cell cycle factors, particularly those driving the G(1) to S transition. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms determining the variable sensitivity of CRC cells to butyrate may assist in developing approaches that prevent or reverse butyrate resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Chiaro
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Commonwealth Medical College, 525 Pine Street, Scranton, PA 18509, USA.
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