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Liu Y, Guo ZW, Li J, Li AH, Huo TG. Insight into the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mitochondria in liver injury and the protective role of natural products. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Rg1 exerts protective effect in CPZ-induced demyelination mouse model via inhibiting CXCL10-mediated glial response. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:563-576. [PMID: 34103690 PMCID: PMC8888649 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin damage and abnormal remyelination processes lead to central nervous system dysfunction. Glial activation-induced microenvironment changes are characteristic features of the diseases with myelin abnormalities. We previously showed that ginsenoside Rg1, a main component of ginseng, ameliorated MPTP-mediated myelin damage in mice, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study we investigated the effects of Rg1 and mechanisms in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mouse model. Mice were treated with CPZ solution (300 mg· kg-1· d-1, ig) for 5 weeks; from week 2, the mice received Rg1 (5, 10, and 20 mg· kg-1· d-1, ig) for 4 weeks. We showed that Rg1 administration dose-dependently alleviated bradykinesia and improved CPZ-disrupted motor coordination ability in CPZ-treated mice. Furthermore, Rg1 administration significantly decreased demyelination and axonal injury in pathological assays. We further revealed that the neuroprotective effects of Rg1 were associated with inhibiting CXCL10-mediated modulation of glial response, which was mediated by NF-κB nuclear translocation and CXCL10 promoter activation. In microglial cell line BV-2, we demonstrated that the effects of Rg1 on pro-inflammatory and migratory phenotypes of microglia were related to CXCL10, while Rg1-induced phagocytosis of microglia was not directly related to CXCL10. In CPZ-induced demyelination mouse model, injection of AAV-CXCL10 shRNA into mouse lateral ventricles 3 weeks prior CPZ treatment occluded the beneficial effects of Rg1 administration in behavioral and pathological assays. In conclusion, CXCL10 mediates the protective role of Rg1 in CPZ-induced demyelination mouse model. This study provides new insight into potential disease-modifying therapies for myelin abnormalities.
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Zhang K, Li J, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Yang J, Liu X, Que R, Lin L, Chen Y, Li Y. Ginsenosides Regulates Innate Immunity to Affect Immune Microenvironment of AIH Through Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851560. [PMID: 35222444 PMCID: PMC8874200 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by chronic progressive liver inflammatory, but there is still no safe and effective medicine. Therefore, glucocorticoid remains the top choice for AIH treatment. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that ginsenosides (GSS) can produce glucocorticoid-like effects and therapeutic effects on various autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanism of GSS for AIH remains unclear. As an important part of the innate immune system, bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been identified as an important driver of follow-up acquired immune response in many autoimmune diseases, including AIH. Herein, it was found out that GSS intervention can be effective in regulating the immune microenvironment and liver impairment induced by Con A in AIH mice. In vitro, the MDSCs derived from healthy mice and the T cells deried from AIH mice were co-cultured. Then, different drugs were intervened with to explore the therapeutic mechanism. Besides, the proliferation and differentiation of MDSCs and T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, while GR, Hippo-YAP signal pathway and the expression of MDSC-related genes and proteins were detected through qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The changes in NO and ROS levels were further analyzed. The trend of related cytokines expression (IFN- γ, TGF- β, IL-10, IL-6, IL-17) was detected by ELISA. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted as to the ALT and liver pathology of mice for evaluating the liver function of mice. It was discovered that MDSCs proliferation was inhibited, and that T cells tended to differentiate into Th17 rather than Treg in AIH mice. Moreover, the intervention of GSS activated GR and Yap, in addition to promoting the proliferation of MDSCs, especially M-MDSCs. This further promoted the differentiation of Treg to enable immune tolerance, thus alleviating liver impairment. Therefore, it was proposed that GSS can alleviate AIH by modulating the innate immunity and adaptive T cell immunity, which may be the underlying mechanism for GSS to mitigate the liver impairment induced by AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renye Que
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liubing Lin
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yirong Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Li,
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Deoxynivalenol exposure induces liver damage in mice: Inflammation and immune responses, oxidative stress, and protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112514. [PMID: 34400200 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most common environmental pollutants, substantially affects human and animal health. Much attention has been paid to the ability of probiotics to modulate inflammation and immune responses. In this work, the toxic effects of DON on the liver and the protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) were investigated. We treated mice with oral gavage of DON (2.4 mg/kg bw/day), LGG (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day) or both for 28 days. The results showed that DON triggered liver inflammation, reflected by pathological changes and liver function damage but LGG oral administration significantly attenuated these changes. Notably, DON treatment activated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway which contribute to produce inflammatory cytokines, but oral administration of LGG inhibited all the effects of DON. DON treatment can also induce oxidative stress and activate Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway, leading to the activation of Nrf2 and the downstream genes, while LGG treatment can improve the antioxidant capacity of liver and protected mice from DON injury. In conclusion, LGG was able to negate the detrimental effects of DON on the liver and may contribute as a potential dietary intervention strategy to reduce mycotoxicity.
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Ginsenosides for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: Pharmacology and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Peng X, Pan X, Tan J, Li Y, Li M. Protective effect of interleukin-36 receptor antagonist on liver injury induced by concanavalin A in mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:623-628. [PMID: 32742600 PMCID: PMC7374990 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.35614.8492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): Interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) is a new member of the IL-1 family that exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory and immune diseases. Our purpose was to determine the effect of IL-36Ra on liver injury in a mouse hepatitis model induced by concanavalin A (ConA). Materials and Methods: Mice were treated with IL-36Ra DNA or pcDNA3.1 control plasmid using a hydrodynamic gene delivery approach. Results: Our data reveal that treatment with IL-36Ra decreased liver inflammation and serum level of aminotransferases. Furthermore, IL-36Ra reduced ConA-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-17A) production when compared to control plasmid. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that IL-36Ra is a critical protector against ConA-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Peng
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiuhe Pan
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Hepatology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mingcai Li
- Department of Immunology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Ginsenoside Rg1 Suppresses Type 2 PRRSV Infection via NF-κB Signaling Pathway In Vitro, and Provides Partial Protection against HP-PRRSV in Piglet. Viruses 2019; 11:v11111045. [PMID: 31717616 PMCID: PMC6893584 DOI: 10.3390/v11111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a huge threat to the modern pig industry, and current vaccine prevention strategies could not provide full protection against it. Therefore, exploring new anti-PRRSV strategies is urgently needed. Ginsenoside Rg1, derived from ginseng and notoginseng, is shown to exert anti-inflammatory, neuronal apoptosis-suppressing and anti-oxidant effects. Here we demonstrate Rg1-inhibited PRRSV infection both in Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) in a dose-dependent manner. Rg1 treatment affected multiple steps of the PRRSV lifecycle, including virus attachment, replication and release at concentrations of 10 or 50 µM. Meanwhile, Rg1 exhibited broad inhibitory activities against Type 2 PRRSV, including highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) XH-GD and JXA1, NADC-30-like strain HNLY and classical strain VR2332. Mechanistically, Rg1 reduced mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreased NF-κB signaling activation triggered by PRRSV infection. Furthermore, 4-week old piglets intramuscularly treated with Rg1 after being challenged with the HP-PRRSV JXA1 strain display moderate lung injury, decreased viral load in serum and tissues, and an improved survival rate. Collectively, our study provides research basis and supportive clinical data for using Ginsenoside Rg1 in PRRSV therapies in swine.
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Han C, Wei Y, Wang X, Cui Y, Bao Y, Shi W. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by regulating NF-κb and Nrf2 pathway in mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1652250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Center for Chinese Veterinary Herbal Medicine, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Center for Chinese Veterinary Herbal Medicine, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
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Wang J, Cao Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Ji F, Li J, Zou Y. PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through suppressing macrophage inflammatory responses via modulating p65 phosphorylation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:568-574. [PMID: 31203114 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinase is involved in the cellular processes of growth, differentiation and apoptosis. However, the role of PIM1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains largely unknown. A trend of PIM1 in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ALI at different time points was detected. Histology, wet/dry (W/D) ratio, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and survival rate analyses were performed when mice received the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a intratracheally 3 h before LPS administration. Cytokine production in vivo and in vitro was measured after SMI-4a pretreatment. NF-κB subunit p65 expression in nuclei and phosphorylation at Ser276 in lung tissues or cells were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that PIM1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ALI. The PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a markedly improved the survival rate after lethal LPS administration, reduced the severity of lung edema, attenuated the histologic injuries of the lung tissue and reduced the counts of infiltrated inflammatory cells in the BALF. The PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a suppressed the production of cytokines in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cell supernatants and BALF. Furthermore, LPS administration upregulated the levels of nuclear p65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) at Ser276, whereas pretreatment with the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a reduced p65 upregulation in the nucleus and p-p65 at Ser276. Taken together, these data indicate that the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for LPS-induced ALI by suppressing macrophage production of cytokines via a reduction of p65 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanceng Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yun Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Guo D, Zhang Y, Zhao J, He H, Hou T. Selenium-biofortified corn peptides: Attenuating concanavalin A-Induced liver injury and structure characterization. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 51:57-64. [PMID: 30466939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between hepatoprotective effects of selenium-biofortified corn (Zea mays Linn) peptides (SeCPs) and its antioxidant ability was evaluated and the structure of SeCPs was identified. SeCPs and corn peptides (CPs) both had good antioxidant ability, and the effect of SeCPs was significantly higher than CPs within a certain concentration range (P < 0.05). Additionally, animal experiments indicated that SeCPs (200 mg/kg) had a significantly protective effect against concanavalin A (Con A) induced hepatic lesions, as it significantly declined glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) activities, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)-γ contents in serum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in liver were also significantly increased by SeCPs (P < 0.05). The amino acid composition of SeCPs with Mw < 1 kDa was mainly glutamic acid (Glu, 31.18%), leucine (Leu, 21.06%) and alanine (Ala, 13.26%). According to the retention time, the amino acid sequences of 8 selenium-biofortified corn peptides and 29 selenium-free corn peptides were identified. Our results illustrated that the mechanisms of SeCPs against Con A induced hepatic injury in mice may be related to its antioxidant ability and reduction of lipid peroxidation, inhibiting the release of immune factors, such as TNF-α and IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjun Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China.
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Ning C, Gao X, Wang C, Huo X, Liu Z, Sun H, Yang X, Sun P, Ma X, Meng Q, Liu K. Hepatoprotective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1050-1060. [PMID: 29964319 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are well known to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury. This study was performed to examine the hepatoprotective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) against CCl4 -induced acute liver injury, and further to elucidate the involvement of Nrf2 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Mice were orally administered Rg1 (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg) or sulforaphane (SFN) once daily for 1 week prior to 750 μL/kg CCl4 injection. The results showed that Rg1 markedly altered relative liver weights, promoted liver repair, increased the serum level of TP and decreased the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP. Hepatic oxidative stress was inhibited by Rg1, as evidenced by the decrease in MDA, and increases in GSH, SOD, and CAT in the liver. Further research demonstrated that Rg1 suppressed liver inflammation response through repressing the expression levels of inflammation-related genes including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS. In addition, Rg1 enhanced antioxidative stress and liver detoxification abilities by up-regulating Nrf2 and its target-genes such as GCLC, GCLM, HO-1, NQO1, Besp, Mrp2, Mrp3, Mrp4, and down-regulating Cyp2e1. However, the changes in Nrf2 target-genes, as well as ameliorative liver histology induced by Rg1 were abrogated by Nrf2 antagonist all-transretinoic acid in vivo and Nrf2 siRNA in vitro. Overall, the findings indicated that Rg1 might be an effective approach for the prevention against acute liver injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqing Ning
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoguang Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Transport of Liaoning Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Ning C, Gao X, Wang C, Huo X, Liu Z, Sun H, Yang X, Sun P, Ma X, Meng Q, Liu K. Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 against lipopolysaccharide/ d -galactosamine-induced acute liver injury in mice through inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:266-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Peng J. The Pharmacological Targets and Clinical Evidence of Natural Products With Anti-hepatic Inflammatory Properties. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:455. [PMID: 29922155 PMCID: PMC5996099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation contributes heavily to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Inflammation is probably a promising target for treatment of liver diseases. The natural products are considered as the potential source of new drug discovery and their pharmacological effects on hepatic inflammation have been widely reported. In this review, the natural products with anti-hepatic inflammatory properties are summarized based on their pharmacological effects and mechanisms, which are related to the suppression on the inflammation mediators including cytokines and chemokines, pattern recognition receptors, the activated transcriptional factors, and the potential regulatory factors. The clinical evidence is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Peng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against hind-limb ischemia reperfusion induced lung injury via NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:96-103. [PMID: 29709772 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Ginsenoside Rg1 is regarded as the primary bioactive ingredient in Panax notoginseng that has been well recognized for its protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the mechanisms still remain elusive. Our study aims to investigate the effects of Rg1 against lung injury induced by hind-limb IR in rats. METHODS Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were randomly submitted to sham operation (SM group), hind-limb IR (IR group), hind-limb IR + Rg1 (Rg1 group), and hind-limb IR + Pro-DTC group (PD group). All the rats except those in SM group were subjected to 3 h of ischemia followed by 6 h of reperfusion, and extra intravenous Rg1 and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (Pro-DTC), a selective inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), was administered intravenously before ischemia in the Rg1 and PD group, respectively. The activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2) in lung tissue, and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-ProstaglandinF1α (6-keto-PGF1α) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were detected. Morphological changes, index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury (IQA), apoptosis index (AI) and lung Wet/Dry ratio were also evaluated. RESULTS The levels of Wet/Dry ratio, IQA, AI, activities of MPO and 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 ratio were increased, and NF-κB p65 and COX-2 protein expression were upregulated, while SOD and CAT levels were decreased in lung tissue in IR group as compared with SM group (p < 0.05), all the alterations could be significantly reversed by Rg1 or Pro-DTC pretreatment (p < 0.05). And Rg1 and Pro-DTC also significantly attenuated the pulmonary histological abnormalities induced by IR. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rg1 potentially attenuated lung injury induced by hind-limb IR by regulating NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathway.
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Qi B, Zhang S, Guo D, Guo S, Jiang X, Zhu X. Protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on carbon tetrachloride‑induced acute liver injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2814-2822. [PMID: 28677756 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a common pathological state in various types of liver disease; severe or persistent liver damage is the basis of hepatic failure. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the primary active ingredients of ginseng, has been reported to reduce concanalin A‑induced hepatitis and protect against lipopolysaccharide‑ and galactosamine‑induced liver injury. However, the underlying protective mechanism of Rg1 in acute liver injury remains unclear. In the present study, a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‑induced acute liver injury model was established, and the protective effect of Rg1 on CCl4‑induced acute liver injury was demonstrated in cell culture and animal experimental systems. Further investigation of the mechanisms demonstrated that pretreatment with Rg1 reduced elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, enhanced the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Experiments in vitro demonstrated that Rg1 decreased p65 expression and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activity. In addition to the effect of Rg1, an NF‑κB inhibitor promoted cell survival, enhanced SOD activity and reduced MDA level. It was observed through in vivo experiments that pretreatment with Rg1 inhibited NF‑κB expression and activity in Kupffer cells and reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑6. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that pretreatment with Rg1 may rescue CCl4‑induced acute liver injury in vivo and in vitro through inhibition of NF‑κB activity, to restore the anti‑oxidative defense system and down‑regulate pro‑inflammatory signaling pathways. The present observations provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Rg1 therapy in acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Daohua Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Sanxing Guo
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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Xiao J, Tan Y, Li Y, Luo Y. The Specific Protein Kinase R (PKR) Inhibitor C16 Protects Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Brain Damages by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation in a Neonatal Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:5074-5081. [PMID: 28008894 PMCID: PMC5207129 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injuries induced by hypoxia-ischemia in neonates contribute to increased mortality and lifelong neurological dysfunction. The specific PKR inhibitor C16 has been previously demonstrated to exert a neuroprotective role in adult brain injuries. However, there is no recent study available concerning its protective role in hypoxia-ischemia-induced immature brain damage. Therefore, we investigated whether C16 protects against neonatal hypoxia-ischemia injuries in a neonatal rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Postnatal day 7 (P7) rats were used to establish classical hypoxia-ischemia animal models, and C16 postconditioning with 100 ug/kg was performed immediately after hypoxia. Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the phosphorylation of the PKR at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and phosphorylation of NF-κB 24h after hypoxia exposure. The TTC stain for infarction area and TUNEL stain for apoptotic cells were assayed 24 h after the brain hypoxia. Gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was performed at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. RESULTS The level of PKR autophosphorylation was increased dramatically, especially at 3 h (C16 group vs. HI group, P<0.01). Intraperitoneal C16 administration reduced the infarct volume and apoptosis ratio after this insult (C16 group vs. HI group<0.01), and C16 reduced proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression, partly through inhibiting NF-κB activation (C16 group vs. HI group<0.05). CONCLUSIONS C16 can protect immature rats against hypoxia-ischemia-induced brain damage by modulating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yongchang Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yinjiao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38480. [PMID: 27910952 PMCID: PMC5133596 DOI: 10.1038/srep38480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is one of the major bioactive ingredients in Panax ginseng, and it attenuates inflammation and apoptosis. The aims of our study were to explore the potential of Rg1 for the treatment of intestinal I/R injury and to determine whether the protective effects of Rg1 were exerted through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In this study, Rg1 treatment ameliorated inflammatory factors, ROS and apoptosis that were induced by intestinal I/R injury. Cell viability was increased and cell apoptosis was decreased with Rg1 pretreatment following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in the in vitro study. Rg1 activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in both the in vivo and in vitro models, and in the in vitro study, the activation was blocked by DKK1. Our study provides evidence that pretreatment with Rg1 significantly reduces ROS and apoptosis induced by intestinal I/R injury via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that Rg1 could exert its therapeutic effects on intestinal I/R injury through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and provide a novel treatment modality for intestinal I/R injury.
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Hepatoprotective effect of apple polyphenols against concanavalin A-induced immunological liver injury in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 258:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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19
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Liu Y, Yi L, Wang L, Chen L, Chen X, Wang Y. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects human umbilical cord blood-derived stromal cells against tert-Butyl hydroperoxide-induced apoptosis through Akt-FoxO3a-Bim signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 421:75-87. [PMID: 27522666 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood-derived stromal cells (hUCBDSCs) possess strong capability of supporting hematopoiesis and immune regulation, whereas some stress conditions cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and then lead to oxidative injury and cell apoptosis. Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) has been demonstrated to exert antioxidative and prosurvival effects in many cell types. In this study, the tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), an analog of hydroperoxide, was utilized to mimic the oxidative damage to hUCBDSCs. We aimed to investigate the effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 on protecting hUCBDSCs from t-BHP-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis, as well as the possible signaling pathway involved. It was shown that the treatment of hUCBDSCs with G-Rg1 markedly restored the t-BHP-induced cell viability loss, promoted the CFU-F formation, and inhibited cell apoptosis. G-Rg1 also caused a reduced production of LDH and MDA while significantly enhancing the activity of SOD. Mechanistically, G-Rg1 promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a and led to the cytoplasmic translocation of FoxO3a, which in turn suppressed FoxO3a-modulated expression of proapoptotic Bim and elevated the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. All these results suggest that G-Rg1 enhances the survival of t-BHP-induced hUCBDSCs and protects them against apoptosis at least partially through Akt-FoxO3a-Bim signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linbo Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Mu M, Zhang Z, Cheng Y, Liu G, Chen X, Wu X, Zhuang C, Liu B, Kong X, You S. Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) restrains concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 35:280-286. [PMID: 27085679 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR), produced and released by hepatocytes, has cytoprotective and immunoregulatory effects on liver injury, and has been used in many experimental applications. However, little attention has been paid to the effects of ALR on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis. The purpose of this paper is to explore the protective effect of ALR on Con A-induced hepatitis and elucidate potential mechanisms. We found that the ALR pretreatment evidently reduced the amount of ALT and AST in serum. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and iNOS were suppressed. ALR pretreatment also decreased CD4(+), CD8(+) T cell infiltration in liver. Besides, we observed that ALR pretreatment was capable of suppressing the activation of several signaling pathways in Con A-induced hepatitis. These findings suggest that ALR can obviously weaken Con A-induced hepatitis and ALR has some certain immune regulation function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Mu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangze Liu
- Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiusheng Chen
- Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Caifang Zhuang
- Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingying Liu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangping Kong
- Liver Disease Key Laboratory, Center of Infectious Diseases, 458 Hospital, 801 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou 510600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song You
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Global Mapping of Traditional Chinese Medicine into Bioactivity Space and Pathways Annotation Improves Mechanistic Understanding and Discovers Relationships between Therapeutic Action (Sub)classes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2106465. [PMID: 26989424 PMCID: PMC4775820 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2106465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) still needs more scientific rationale to be proven for it to be accepted further in the West. We are now in the position to propose computational hypotheses for the mode-of-actions (MOAs) of 45 TCM therapeutic action (sub)classes from in silico target prediction algorithms, whose target was later annotated with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, and to discover the relationship between them by generating a hierarchical clustering. The results of 10,749 TCM compounds showed 183 enriched targets and 99 enriched pathways from Estimation Score ≤ 0 and ≥ 5% of compounds/targets in a (sub)class. The MOA of a (sub)class was established from supporting literature. Overall, the most frequent top three enriched targets/pathways were immune-related targets such as tyrosine-protein phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) and digestive system such as mineral absorption. We found two major protein families, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), and protein kinase family contributed to the diversity of the bioactivity space, while digestive system was consistently annotated pathway motif, which agreed with the important treatment principle of TCM, “the foundation of acquired constitution” that includes spleen and stomach. In short, the TCM (sub)classes, in many cases share similar targets/pathways despite having different indications.
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22
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He R, Wang L, Zhu J, Fei M, Bao S, Meng Y, Wang Y, Li J, Deng X. Methane-rich saline protects against concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 470:22-28. [PMID: 26721437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methane is a common gas which has been reported to play a protective role in organ injury and presents an anti-inflammatory property. However, its effects on Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methane on Con A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice and its underlying mechanism. Autoimmune hepatitis was induced by Con A (15 mg/kg) in healthy C57BL/6 mice and methane-rich saline (MS) (20 ml/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 30 min after the challenge with Con A. We found that methane treatment significantly reduced the elevated serum aminotransferase levels and ameliorated liver pathological damage. Furthermore, methane treatment obviously suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). Moreover, we found that the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were highly increased while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were decreased in liver with the injection of Con A, which was reversed by methane. Also, the data demonstrated that the phosphorylated IκB, NF-κB and P38 MAPK in liver were significantly down-regulated by methane. These results suggested that methane protected liver against Con A-induced injury through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong He
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Anesthesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Miaomiao Fei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Suhong Bao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Anesthesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Anesthesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Anesthesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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23
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Domitrović R, Potočnjak I. A comprehensive overview of hepatoprotective natural compounds: mechanism of action and clinical perspectives. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:39-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Bao S, Zou Y, Wang B, Li Y, Zhu J, Luo Y, Li J. Ginsenoside Rg1 improves lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammatory responses and modulating infiltration of M2 macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:429-34. [PMID: 26122136 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), the major effective component of ginseng, has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice was unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the protective role of Rg1 on LPS-induced ALI and explore the potential mechanisms. The mice were divided randomly into four groups: the sham group, the LPS group and the LPS+Rg1 (40 mg/kg or 200mg/kg) pretreatment groups. All mice received Rg1 or an equivalent volume of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) intraperitoneally 1h before LPS administration. Edema quantification, histology, and apoptosis were detected 6h after LPS administration. The number of inflammatory cells, the percentage of alternative activated (M2) macrophages and the exudate quantification in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were evaluated. The caspase 3 expression, and the levels of phosphorylated IκB-α and p65 were tested. The results showed that the Rg1 pretreatment group markedly improved lung damage, modulated the infiltration of neutrophils and M2 macrophages, prevented the production of protein and proinflammatory cytokines in BALF, and inhibited apoptosis in lung. We also found that Rg1 suppressed NF-κB and caspase 3 activation. These data suggest that Rg1 plays a protective role against LPS-induced ALI by ameliorating inflammatory responses, regulating the infiltration of M2 macrophages, and inhibiting pulmonary cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhong Bao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinjiao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jinbao Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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25
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Duval F, Moreno-Cuevas JE, González-Garza MT, Maldonado-Bernal C, Cruz-Vega DE. Liver fibrosis and mechanisms of the protective action of medicinal plants targeting inflammation and the immune response. Int J Inflam 2015; 2015:943497. [PMID: 25954568 PMCID: PMC4411506 DOI: 10.1155/2015/943497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a central feature of liver fibrosis as suggested by its role in the activation of hepatic stellate cells leading to extracellular matrix deposition. During liver injury, inflammatory cells are recruited in the injurious site through chemokines attraction. Thus, inflammation could be a target to reduce liver fibrosis. The pandemic trend of obesity, combined with the high incidence of alcohol intake and viral hepatitis infections, highlights the urgent need to find accessible antifibrotic therapies. Medicinal plants are achieving popularity as antifibrotic agents, supported by their safety, cost-effectiveness, and versatility. The aim of this review is to describe the role of inflammation and the immune response in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and detail the mechanisms of inhibition of both events by medicinal plants in order to reduce liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Duval
- Catedra de Terapia Celular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto 3000 Pte., 64710 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Jorge E. Moreno-Cuevas
- Catedra de Terapia Celular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto 3000 Pte., 64710 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - María Teresa González-Garza
- Catedra de Terapia Celular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto 3000 Pte., 64710 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Carmen Maldonado-Bernal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Calle Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Delia Elva Cruz-Vega
- Catedra de Terapia Celular, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Avenida Morones Prieto 3000 Pte., 64710 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
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26
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Paeoniflorin protects against concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 24:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Tao T, Chen F, Bo L, Xie Q, Yi W, Zou Y, Hu B, Li J, Deng X. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects mouse liver against ischemia–reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties. J Surg Res 2014; 191:231-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Salidroside attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis via modulating cytokines secretion and lymphocyte migration in mice. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:314081. [PMID: 24808635 PMCID: PMC3997989 DOI: 10.1155/2014/314081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Salidroside, isolated from the medicinal plant Rhodiola, was reported to serve as an “adaptogen.” This study was designed to explore the protective effect of salidroside on concanavalin A- (Con A-) induced hepatitis in mice and investigate potential mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, Con A group, and salidroside group. Salidroside (50 mg/kg) was injected intravenously followed by Con A administration. The levels of ALT, AST, inflammatory cytokines and CXCL-10 were examined. The pathological damage of livers was assessed, the amounts of phosphorylated IκBα and p65 were measured, and the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the blood, spleen and infiltrated in the liver were calculated. Our results showed that salidroside pretreatment reduced the levels of ALT, AST dramatically and suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines through downregulating the activity of NF-κB partly. Salidroside altered the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte in the liver and spleen through regulating CXCL-10 and decreased the severity of liver injuries. In conclusion, these results confirm the efficacy of salidroside in the prevention of immune mediated hepatitis in mice.
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Wang H, Hu B, Zou Y, Bo L, Wang J, Li J, Luo Y. Dexmedetomidine premedication attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice. J Toxicol Sci 2014; 39:755-64. [PMID: 25242406 DOI: 10.2131/jts.39.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Baoji Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, China
| | - Yun Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Lulong Bo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, China
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