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Provasek VE, Bacolla A, Rangaswamy S, Mitra J, Kodavati M, Yusuf IO, Malojirao VH, Vasquez V, Britz GW, Li GM, Xu Z, Mitra S, Garruto RM, Tainer JA, Hegde ML. RNA/DNA Binding Protein TDP43 Regulates DNA Mismatch Repair Genes with Implications for Genome Stability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.16.594552. [PMID: 38798341 PMCID: PMC11118483 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.594552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
TDP43 is an RNA/DNA binding protein increasingly recognized for its role in neurodegenerative conditions including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). As characterized by its aberrant nuclear export and cytoplasmic aggregation, TDP43 proteinopathy is a hallmark feature in over 95% of ALS/FTD cases, leading to the formation of detrimental cytosolic aggregates and a reduction in nuclear functionality within neurons. Building on our prior work linking TDP43 proteinopathy to the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in neurons, the present investigation uncovers a novel regulatory relationship between TDP43 and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene expressions. Here, we show that TDP43 depletion or overexpression directly affects the expression of key MMR genes. Alterations include MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, and PMS2 levels across various primary cell lines, independent of their proliferative status. Our results specifically establish that TDP43 selectively influences the expression of MLH1 and MSH6 by influencing their alternative transcript splicing patterns and stability. We furthermore find aberrant MMR gene expression is linked to TDP43 proteinopathy in two distinct ALS mouse models and post-mortem brain and spinal cord tissues of ALS patients. Notably, MMR depletion resulted in the partial rescue of TDP43 proteinopathy-induced DNA damage and signaling. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA cancer database reveals significant associations between TDP43 expression, MMR gene expression, and mutational burden across multiple cancers. Collectively, our findings implicate TDP43 as a critical regulator of the MMR pathway and unveil its broad impact on the etiology of both neurodegenerative and neoplastic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E Provasek
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Albino Bacolla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suganya Rangaswamy
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joy Mitra
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Manohar Kodavati
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Issa O Yusuf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Vikas H Malojirao
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Velmarini Vasquez
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gavin W Britz
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Guo-Min Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zuoshang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ralph M Garruto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902
| | - John A Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Division of DNA Repair Research within the Center for Neuroregeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Kosanić M, Petrovic N, Šeklić D, Živanović M, Kokanović M. Bioactivities and Medicinal Value of the Fruiting Body Extracts of Laetiporus sulphureus and Meripilus giganteus Polypore Mushrooms (Agaricomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:17-26. [PMID: 38305259 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023051297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In the present investigation methanol and acetone extracts of basidiocarps of mushrooms Laetiporus sulphureus and Meripilus giganteus were evaluated for their antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant/prooxidant effects. The antimicrobial potential was determined by the microdilution method against ten microorganisms. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated by MTT test, while changes of the redox status parameters (superoxide anion radical, nitrites and reduced glutathione) were determined spectrophotometrically on a human colorectal cancer cell line and human health fibroblasts cells. The results were measured 24 and 72 h after the treatment. Tested extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity with MIC values from 0.004 to 20 mg/mL. The maximum antimicrobial activity was found in the methanol extracts of the M. giganteus against Bacillus subtilis, which was better than positive control. The acetone extract of M. giganteus with IC5072h = 13.36 μg/mL showed significant cytotoxic effect with strong cell selectivity (selectivity index = 37.42) against cancer human colorectal cancer cells. The tested extracts, especially M. giganteus acetone extract, induced an increase in oxidative stress parameters in tested cell lines, but significantly heightened it in human colorectal cancer cells. The obtained results suggest that these extracts, especially M. giganteus acetone extract, can be proposed as a novel source of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Kosanić
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34 000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Petrovic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34 000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragana Šeklić
- Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Živanović
- Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Kokanović
- BioIRC - Bioengineering Research and Development Center, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Stolze T, Franke S, Haybaeck J, Moehler M, Grimminger PP, Lang H, Roth W, Gockel I, Kreuser N, Bläker H, Wittekind C, Lordick F, Vieth M, Veits L, Waidmann O, Lingohr P, Peitz U, Schildberg C, Kruschewski M, Vassos N, Goni E, Bruns CJ, Ridwelski K, Wolff S, Lippert H, Schumacher J, Malfertheiner P, Venerito M. Mismatch repair deficiency, chemotherapy and survival for resectable gastric cancer: an observational study from the German staR cohort and a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1007-1017. [PMID: 35211781 PMCID: PMC9984318 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In a post hoc analysis of the MAGIC trial, patients with curatively resected gastric cancer (GC) and mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency (MMRd) had better median overall survival (OS) when treated with surgery alone but worse median OS when treated with additional chemotherapy. Further data are required to corroborate these findings. METHODS Between April 2013 and December 2018, 458 patients with curatively resected GC, including cancers of the esophagogastric junction Siewert type II and III, were identified in the German centers of the staR consortium. Tumor sections were assessed for expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 by immunohistochemistry. The association between MMR status and survival was assessed. Similar studies published up to January 2021 were then identified in a MEDLINE search for a meta-analysis. RESULTS MMR-status and survival data were available for 223 patients (median age 66 years, 62.8% male), 23 patients were MMRd (10.3%). After matching for baseline clinical characteristics, median OS was not reached in any subgroup. Compared to perioperative chemotherapy, patients receiving surgery alone with MMRd and MMRp had a HR of 0.67 (95% CI 0.13-3.37, P = 0.63) and 1.44 (95% CI 0.66-3.13, P = 0.36), respectively. The meta-analysis included pooled data from 385 patients. Compared to perioperative chemotherapy, patients receiving surgery alone with MMRd had an improved OS with a HR of 0.36 (95% CI 0.14-0.91, P = 0.03), whereas those with MMRp had a HR of 1.18 (95% CI 0.89-1.58, P = 0.26). CONCLUSION Our data support a positive prognostic effect for MMRd in GC patients treated with surgery only and a differentially negative prognostic effect in patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy. MMR status determined by preoperative biopsies may be used as a predictive biomarker to select patients for perioperative chemotherapy in curatively resectable GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stolze
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Franke
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Moehler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P P Grimminger
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H Lang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - W Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - I Gockel
- Department of Medicine II and University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Kreuser
- Department of Medicine II and University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Bläker
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Wittekind
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Lordick
- University Cancer Center Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L Veits
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - O Waidmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Main Area Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,University Cancer Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P Lingohr
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - U Peitz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Raphaelshospital, Münster, Germany
| | - C Schildberg
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Brandenburg, University Hospital of Visceral Surgery, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - M Kruschewski
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital Frankfurt (Oder), Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - N Vassos
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E Goni
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C J Bruns
- Department of General, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - K Ridwelski
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany.,AN-Institute of Quality Assurance in Operative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Wolff
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - H Lippert
- AN-Institute of Quality Assurance in Operative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Schumacher
- Human Genetics Center, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - P Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Venerito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität, Leipziger Straße 66, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Kumari S, Sharma S, Advani D, Khosla A, Kumar P, Ambasta RK. Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62111-62159. [PMID: 34611806 PMCID: PMC8492102 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of the majority of human cancers is associated with a myriad of environmental causes, including physical, chemical, and biological factors. DNA damage induced by such mutagens is the initial step in the process of carcinogenesis resulting in the accumulation of mutations. Mutational events are considered the major triggers for introducing genetic and epigenetic insults such as DNA crosslinks, single- and double-strand DNA breaks, formation of DNA adducts, mismatched bases, modification in histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA alterations. However, DNA repair mechanisms are devoted to protect the DNA to ensure genetic stability, any aberrations in these calibrated mechanisms provoke cancer occurrence. Comprehensive knowledge of the type of mutagens and carcinogens and the influence of these agents in DNA damage and cancer induction is crucial to develop rational anticancer strategies. This review delineated the molecular mechanism of DNA damage and the repair pathways to provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. A relationship between DNA adduct formation and cancer incidence has also been summarized. The mechanistic basis of inflammatory response and oxidative damage triggered by mutagens in tumorigenesis has also been highlighted. We elucidated the interesting interplay between DNA damage response and immune system mechanisms. We addressed the current understanding of DNA repair targeted therapies and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment and discussed how antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents combined with traditional approaches lay the foundations for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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Šeklić DS, Jovanović MM, Virijević KD, Grujić JN, Živanović MN, Marković SD. Pseudevernia furfuracea inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cell lines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114758. [PMID: 34688797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf is common lichen species, traditionally used worldwide in treating various medical conditions, among which are intestinal issues and cancer. Most studies are focused mainly on cytotoxic potential of lichens, whilst their antimigratory and antiinvasive properties are often disregarded. Migration and invasion of cancer cells are pivotal processes in cancer metastasis, wherein cancer cells are able to migrate individually or in form of a coherent mass. One of successful strategies in anticancer treatments is targeting Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, that is aberrantly activated in colorectal carcinoma, as well as lowering level of migratory/invasive markers. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study aimed to show antimigratory/invasive potential of Pseudevernia furfuracea methanol extract on HCT-116 and SW-480 colorectal carcinoma cell lines and to elucidate possible mechanism of its action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collective cell migration was assessed by Wound healing assay and single cell migration in real time by RTCA method. Analysis of anti- and promigratory protein expression was performed using immunofluorescent staining. Additionally, gene expression of antimigratory/promigratory and invasive (E-cadherin, β-catenin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail and MMP-9) markers were investigated by qRT-PCR method. Concentration of MMP-9 was determined colorimetrically by ELISA test. RESULTS P. furfuracea extract was able to suppress both collective and single cancer cell migration, by inhibiting expression of promigratory/invasive markers and possibly re-establishing cell-cell adhesions. The present study indicates at P. furfuracea as effective antimigratory treatment, and HCT-116 cells were proved to be a more sensitive cell line to applied treatment. CONCLUSIONS This lichen species is a promising candidate for application in treatment of cancer in order to prevent metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana S Šeklić
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milena M Jovanović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Katarina D Virijević
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jelena N Grujić
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Marko N Živanović
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Snežana D Marković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Šeklić DS, Jovanović MM. Platismatia glauca-Lichen species with suppressive properties on migration and invasiveness of two different colorectal carcinoma cell lines. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14096. [PMID: 35102582 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Platismatia glauca is a popular lichen traditionally used as a spice and possesses significant anti-cancer potential, whose anti-migratory/anti-invasive properties were mostly disregarded. Migration/invasion of cancer cells is processed in cancer metastasis and targeting their markers is an important strategy in anti-cancer treatment. We examined the anti-migratory/anti-invasive properties of P. glauca extract on two colorectal carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116 and SW-480) and elucidated possible mechanisms underlying these properties. Cell migration was evaluated by wound healing and RTCA methods. Immunofluorescent assay was used for the analysis of protein, while qRT-PCR for gene expression of migratory/invasive markers. ELISA assay was applied for the determination of MMP-9 concentration. P. glauca extract inhibited the motility of tested cells, by reducing pro-migratory/pro-invasive markers and potentially retaining intercellular connections. Treatment showed cell-selective effects, and HCT-116 cells were more responsive. Our study presents important scientific novelty, thus these lichen properties should be furtherly examined regarding the amelioration of anti-cancer treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Based on the evidence we provided in the present study, we have demonstrated that lichen species Platismatia glauca possess important biological activity, which has not been sufficiently investigated so far. It is of great importance to explore its anti-cancer potential, not only from a cytotoxic point of view but especially anti-migratory and anti-invasive. Herein, we showed that this species expresses significant suppressive effects on migration and invasiveness of colorectal carcinoma cells. This tested lichen has the potential to be used as a natural complementary anti-cancer treatment, with special reference on the dose applied and type of carcinoma. Our study represents a significant novelty in the field of scientific investigation of lichens and natural products, and further detailed studies are needed on in vitro and in vivo model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana S Šeklić
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milena M Jovanović
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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MiR-137 Targets the 3' Untranslated Region of MSH2: Potential Implications in Lynch Syndrome-Related Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184662. [PMID: 34572889 PMCID: PMC8470766 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch Repair (MMR) gene dysregulation plays a fundamental role in Lynch Syndrome (LS) pathogenesis, a form of hereditary colorectal cancer. Loss or overexpression of key MMR genes leads to genome instability and tumorigenesis; however, the mechanisms controlling MMR gene expression are unknown. One such gene, MSH2, exerts an important role, not only in MMR, but also in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle control. In this study, we explored the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of increased MSH2 expression related to a c.*226A>G variant in the 3'untranslated (UTR) region of MSH2 that had been previously identified in a subject clinically suspected of LS. Bioinformatics identified a putative binding site for miR-137 in this region. To verify miRNA targeting specificity, we performed luciferase gene reporter assays using a MSH2 3'UTR psiCHECK-2 vector in human SW480 cells over-expressing miR-137, which showed a drastic reduction in luciferase activity (p > 0.0001). This effect was abolished by site-directed mutagenesis of the putative miR-137 seed site. Moreover, in these cells we observed that miR-137 levels were inversely correlated with MSH2 expression levels. These results were confirmed by results in normal and tumoral tissues from the patient carrying the 3'UTR c.*226A>G variant in MSH2. Finally, miR-137 overexpression in SW480 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner (p < 0.0001), supporting a role for MSH2 in apoptosis and cell proliferation processes. Our findings suggest miR-137 helps control MSH2 expression via its 3'UTR and that dysregulation of this mechanism appears to promote tumorigenesis in colon cells.
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8
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Inhibition of the DSB repair protein RAD51 potentiates the cytotoxic efficacy of doxorubicin via promoting apoptosis-related death pathways. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:361-373. [PMID: 34389435 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The anthracycline derivative doxorubicin (Doxo) induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by inhibition of DNA topoisomerase type II. Defective mismatch repair (MMR) contributes to Doxo resistance and has been reported for colon and mammary carcinomas. Here, we investigated the outcome of pharmacological inhibition of various DNA repair-related mechanisms on Doxo-induced cytotoxicity employing MMR-deficient HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells. Out of different inhibitors tested (i.e. HDACi, PARPi, MRE11i, RAD52i, RAD51i), we identified the RAD51-inhibitor B02 as the most powerful compound to synergistically increase Doxo-induced cytotoxicity. B02-mediated synergism rests on pleiotropic mechanisms, including pronounced G2/M arrest, damage to mitochondria and caspase-driven apoptosis. Of note, B02 also promotes the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin and 5-fluoruracil (5-FU) in HCT-116 cells and, furthermore, also increases Doxo-induced cytotoxicity in MMR-proficient colon and mammary carcinoma cells. Summarizing, pharmacological inhibition of RAD51 is suggested to synergistically increase the cytotoxic efficacy of various types of conventional anticancer drugs in different tumor entities. Hence, pre-clinical in vivo studies are preferable to determine the therapeutic window of B02 in a clinically oriented therapeutic regimen.
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Qu J, Sun Z, Peng C, Li D, Yan W, Xu Z, Hou Y, Shen S, Chen P, Wang T. C. tropicalis promotes chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer through increasing lactate production to regulate the mismatch repair system. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2756-2769. [PMID: 34345205 PMCID: PMC8326116 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to chemotherapeutic drug resistance, tumor recurrence is common in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and chemo-resistant patients are often accompanied by defects in the mismatch repair system (MMR). Our previous study has shown that Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) is closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, but whether this conditional pathogenic fungus is involved in chemotherapy needs further investigation. Here we found that C. tropicalis promoted chemotherapy resistance of colon cancer to oxaliplatin. Compared with oxaliplatin-treated group, the expression of functional MMR proteins in tumors were decreased in C.tropicalis/oxaliplatin -treated group, while the glycolysis level of tumors was up-regulated and the production of lactate was significantly increased in C.tropicalis/oxaliplatin -treated group. Inhibiting lactate production significantly alleviated the chemoresistance and rescued the decreased expression of MMR caused by C. tropicalis. Furthermore, we found that lactate down-regulated the expression of MLH1 through the GPR81-cAMP-PKA-CREB axis. This study clarified that C. tropicalis promoted chemoresistance of colon cancer via producing lactate and inhibiting the expression of MLH1, which may provide novel ideas for improving CRC chemotherapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Qu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Zhiheng Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Chen Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Daoqian Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Wenyue Yan
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, 224001
| | - Zhen Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, 224001
| | - Tingting Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 210093
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10
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de Castro E Gloria H, Jesuíno Nogueira L, Bencke Grudzinski P, da Costa Ghignatti PV, Guecheva TN, Motta Leguisamo N, Saffi J. Olaparib-mediated enhancement of 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity in mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:448. [PMID: 33888065 PMCID: PMC8063290 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The advances in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment include the identification of deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) pathway to predict the benefit of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin for stage II CRC and immunotherapy. Defective MMR contributes to chemoresistance in CRC. A growing body of evidence supports the role of Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, such as Olaparib, in the treatment of different subsets of cancer beyond the tumors with homologous recombination deficiencies. In this work we evaluated the effect of Olaparib on 5-FU cytotoxicity in MMR-deficient and proficient CRC cells and the mechanisms involved. Methods Human colon cancer cell lines, proficient (HT29) and deficient (HCT116) in MMR, were treated with 5-FU and Olaparib. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and clonogenic assays, apoptosis induction and cell cycle progression by flow cytometry, DNA damage by comet assay. Adhesion and transwell migration assays were also performed. Results Our results showed enhancement of the 5-FU citotoxicity by Olaparib in MMR-deficient HCT116 colon cancer cells. Moreover, the combined treatment with Olaparib and 5-FU induced G2/M arrest, apoptosis and polyploidy in these cells. In MMR proficient HT29 cells, the Olaparib alone reduced clonogenic survival, induced DNA damage accumulation and decreased the adhesion and migration capacities. Conclusion Our results suggest benefits of Olaparib inclusion in CRC treatment, as combination with 5-FU for MMR deficient CRC and as monotherapy for MMR proficient CRC. Thus, combined therapy with Olaparib could be a strategy to overcome 5-FU chemotherapeutic resistance in MMR-deficient CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena de Castro E Gloria
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Sarmento Leite st 245, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Jesuíno Nogueira
- Cardiology Institute of Rio Grande do Sul/ University Foundation of Cardiology (ICFUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bencke Grudzinski
- Cardiology Institute of Rio Grande do Sul/ University Foundation of Cardiology (ICFUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva
- Cardiology Institute of Rio Grande do Sul/ University Foundation of Cardiology (ICFUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Motta Leguisamo
- Cardiology Institute of Rio Grande do Sul/ University Foundation of Cardiology (ICFUC), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Saffi
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Sarmento Leite st 245, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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11
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Mismatch Repair Proteins in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Observational Study. Head Neck Pathol 2021; 15:803-816. [PMID: 33501557 PMCID: PMC8384930 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma are on the rise and the disease now ranks as the most common human papillomavirus-related cancer. Although risk factors have been extensively discussed in the literature, the role of the DNA mismatch repair system remains unanswered. To evaluate the impact of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) protein immunostaining on the tumor progression and prognosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). This retrospective observational study comprised 50 cases of OPSCC. Immunohistochemistry for MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, MLH1, Ki67, p16 and caspase-3 was performed. The expression of these proteins was assessed in surgical resection margins, primary tumor (PT), and lymph node metastasis (LNM) of p16+ and p16- OPSCC. Clinical-pathological involvement in immunostaining was evaluated with Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn or Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon test and Spearman's correlation. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed with Log-Rank Mantel-Cox and Cox regression. MSH6 and caspase-3 showed high expression in PT (p16+ and p16 -) and in LNM (p16+ and p16-), and high levels of MSH2 were found in LNM (p16+ and p16 -). An imbalance in MutSα also was observed. PMS2 and caspase-3 expression was associated with poor survival in p16- OPSCC and, in multivariate analysis, MSH2, MSH6 and MLH1 had the poorest prognostic impact in p16+ OPSCC. MMR protein immunostaining is involved in OPSCC progression, dissemination and prognosis. The overexpression of MMR proteins as a response to increased DNA mismatch caused by cell proliferation and MSH2, MSH6 and MLH1 proteins might constitute a prognostic marker in p16+ OPSCC.
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12
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Bai L, Hirose T, Assi W, Wada S, Takeshima SN, Aida Y. Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection Affects Host Gene Expression Associated with DNA Mismatch Repair. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110909. [PMID: 33143351 PMCID: PMC7694100 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis, a malignant form of B-cell lymphoma, and is closely related to human T-cell leukemia viruses. We investigated whether BLV infection affects host genes associated with DNA mismatch repair (MMR). Next-generation sequencing of blood samples from five calves experimentally infected with BLV revealed the highest expression levels of seven MMR genes (EXO1, UNG, PCNA, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, and PMS2) at the point of peak proviral loads (PVLs). Furthermore, MMR gene expression was only upregulated in cattle with higher PVLs. In particular, the expression levels of MSH2, MSH3, and UNG positively correlated with PVL in vivo. The expression levels of all seven MMR genes in pig kidney-15 cells and the levels of PMS2 and EXO1 in HeLa cells also increased tendencies after transient transfection with a BLV infectious clone. Moreover, MMR gene expression levels were significantly higher in BLV-expressing cell lines compared with those in the respective parental cell lines. Expression levels of MSH2 and EXO1 in BLV-infected cattle with lymphoma were significantly lower and higher, respectively, compared with those in infected cattle in vivo. These results reveal that BLV infection affects MMR gene expression, offering new candidate markers for lymphoma diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Bai
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (W.A.); (S.W.); (S.-n.T.)
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Wlaa Assi
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (W.A.); (S.W.); (S.-n.T.)
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (W.A.); (S.W.); (S.-n.T.)
| | - Shin-nosuke Takeshima
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (W.A.); (S.W.); (S.-n.T.)
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life, Jumonji University, Niiza 352-0017, Japan
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Laboratory of Viral Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Nakamura Laboratory, Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-48-462-4418
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13
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Zhao Q, Wang H, Du Y, Rogers HJ, Wu Z, Jia S, Yao X, Xie F, Liu W. MSH2 and MSH6 in Mismatch Repair System Account for Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Tolerance to Cadmium Toxicity by Determining DNA Damage Response. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1974-1985. [PMID: 31971785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes regulating cadmium tolerance in two soybean cultivars. Cultivars Liaodou 10 (LD10, Cd-sensitive) and Shennong 20 (SN20, Cd-tolerant) seedlings were grown hydroponically on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 0-2.5 mg·L-1 Cd for 4 days. Cd stress induced less random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) polymorphism in LD10 than in SN20 roots, causing G1/S arrest in LD10 and G2/M arrest in SN20 roots. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of MLH1 in LD10-TRV-MLH1 plantlets showed markedly diminished G1/S arrest but enhanced root length/area under Cd stress. However, an increase in G1/S arrest and reduction of G2/M arrest occurred in SN20-TRV-MSH2 and SN20-TRV-MSH6 plantlets with decreased root length/area under Cd stress. Taken together, we conclude that the low expression of MSH2 and MSH6, involved in the G2/M arrest, results in Cd-induced DNA damage recognition bypassing the MMR system to activate G1/S arrest with the assistance of MLH1. This then leads to repressed root growth in LD10, explaining the intervarietal difference in Cd tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Hetong Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering , Shenyang University , Shenyang 110044 , PR China
| | - Yanli Du
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Hilary J Rogers
- Cardiff University , School of Biosciences , Cardiff CF10 3TL , U.K
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Sen Jia
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Xingdong Yao
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Futi Xie
- Agricultural College , Shenyang Agricultural University , Shenyang 110866 , PR China
| | - Wan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering , Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , PR China
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14
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Al-Anbaky Q, Al-Karakooly Z, Connor R, Williams L, Yarbrough A, Bush J, Ali N. Role of inositol polyphosphates in programed cell death in Dictyostelium discoideum and its developmental life cycle. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 449:237-250. [PMID: 29679279 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Programed cell death or apoptosis is a key developmental process that maintains tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Inositol polyphosphates (InsPs) are key signaling molecules known to regulate a variety of cellular processes including apoptosis in such organisms. The signaling role of InsPs in unicellular organisms such as Dictyostelium discoideum (D. discoideum) is not well understood. We investigated whether InsPs also play any role in apoptosis in D. discoideum and whether InsPs-mediated apoptosis follows a mechanism similar to that present in higher multicellular eukaryotes. We measured known apoptotic markers in response to exogenously administered InsP6, the major InsPs in the cell. We found that InsP6 was able to cause cell death in D. discoideum cell culture in a dose- and time-dependent manner as determined by cytotoxicity assays. Fluorescence staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide and flow cytometry results confirmed that the cell death in D. discoideum by InsP6 was due to apoptotic changes. Poly(ADP-ribose) expression, a known apoptotic marker used in D. discoideum, was also increased following InsP6 treatment suggesting a role for InsP6-mediated apoptosis in this organism. InsP6-mediated cell death was accompanied by production of reactive oxygen species and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, we studied the effects of InsP6 on the developmental life cycle of D. discoideum, the process likely affected by apoptosis. In conclusion, our studies provide evidence that InsP6-mediated cell death process is conserved in D. discoideum and plays an important signaling role in its developmental life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qudes Al-Anbaky
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Diyala, Baquba, Iraq
| | - Zeiyad Al-Karakooly
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Richard Connor
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Lisa Williams
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Azure Yarbrough
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - John Bush
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Nawab Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Arts, Letters and Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.
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15
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Van Der Kraak L, Goel G, Ramanan K, Kaltenmeier C, Zhang L, Normolle DP, Freeman GJ, Tang D, Nason KS, Davison JM, Luketich JD, Dhupar R, Lotze MT. 5-Fluorouracil upregulates cell surface B7-H1 (PD-L1) expression in gastrointestinal cancers. J Immunother Cancer 2016; 4:65. [PMID: 27777774 PMCID: PMC5067917 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-016-0163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle in the effective treatment of cancer patients. B7-homolog 1, also known as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), is an immunoregulatory protein that is overexpressed in several human cancers. Interaction of B7-H1 with programmed death 1 (PD-1) prevents T-cell activation and proliferation, sequestering the T-cell receptor from the cell membrane, inducing T-cell apoptosis, thereby leading to cancer immunoresistance. B7-H1 upregulation contributes to chemoresistance in several types of cancer, but little is known with respect to changes associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or gastrointestinal cancers. Methods HCT 116 p53+/+, HCT 116 p53−/− colorectal cancer (CRC) and OE33 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cells were treated with increasing doses of 5-FU (0.5 uM, 5 uM, 50 uM, 500 uM) or interferon gamma (IFN-γ, 10 ng/mL) in culture for 24 h and B7-H1 expression was quantified using flow cytometry and western blot analysis. We also evaluated B7-H1 expression, by immunohistochemistry, in tissue collected prior to and following neoadjuvant therapy in 10 EAC patients. Results B7-H1 expression in human HCT 116 p53+/+ and HCT 116 p53−/− CRC cells lines, while low at baseline, can be induced by treatment with 5-FU. OE33 baseline B7-H1 expression exceeded CRC cell maximal expression and could be further increased in a dose dependent manner following 5-FU treatment in the absence of immune cells. We further demonstrate tumor B7-H1 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma patient-derived pre-treatment biopsies. While B7-H1 expression was not enhanced in post-treatment esophagectomy specimens, this may be due to the limits of immunohistochemical quantification. Conclusions B7-H1/PD-L1 expression can be increased following treatment with 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, suggesting alternative mechanisms to classic immune-mediated upregulation. This suggests that combining 5-FU treatment with PD-1/B7-H1 blockade may improve treatment in patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Van Der Kraak
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Gaurav Goel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.,Current address: Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY USA
| | | | | | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Daniel P Normolle
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Katie S Nason
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Jon M Davison
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - James D Luketich
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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16
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Al-anbaky Q, Al-karakooly Z, Kilaparty SP, Agrawal M, Albkuri YM, RanguMagar AB, Ghosh A, Ali N. Cytotoxicity of Manganese (III) Complex in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Is Mediated by the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species Followed by Mitochondrial Damage. Int J Toxicol 2016; 35:672-682. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581816659661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) complexes are widely studied because of their important catalytic properties in synthetic and biochemical reactions. A Mn (III) complex of an amidoamine ligand was synthesized using a tetradentate amidoamine ligand. In this study, the Mn (III) complex was evaluated for its biological activity by measuring its cytotoxicity in human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Cytotoxic effects of the Mn (III) complex were determined using established biomarkers in an attempt to delineate the mechanism of action and the utility of the complex as a potential anticancer drug. The Mn (III) complex induces cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner as shown by microculture tetrazolium assay, a measure of cytotoxic cell death. Our results demonstrated that cytotoxic effects were significantly increased at higher concentrations of Mn (III) complex and with longer time of treatment. The IC50 (Inhibitor concentration that results in 50% cell death) value of Mn (III) complex in MCF-7 cells was determined to be 2.5 mmol/L for 24 hours of treatment. In additional experiments, we determined the Mn (III) complex–mediated cell death was due to both apoptotic and nonspecific necrotic cell death mechanisms. This was assessed by ethidium bromide/acridine orange staining and flow cytometry techniques. The Mn (III) complex produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggering the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 1 and ultimately damaging the mitochondrial function as is evident by a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential. Treatment of the cells with free radical scavenger, N, N-dimethylthiourea decreased Mn (III) complex–mediated generation of ROS and attenuated apoptosis. Together, these results suggest that the Mn (III) complex–mediated MCF-7 cell death utilizes combined mechanism involving apoptosis and necrosis perhaps due to the generation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qudes Al-anbaky
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | | | - Surya P. Kilaparty
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Megha Agrawal
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yahya M. Albkuri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ambar B. RanguMagar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Anindya Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Nawab Ali
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
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