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Refaey MS, Abosalem EF, Yasser El-Basyouni R, Elsheriri SE, Elbehary SH, Fayed MAA. Exploring the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and their active principles in dental care: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37641. [PMID: 39318809 PMCID: PMC11420497 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the human population realized how important it was to maintain overall health and the weight of disease, they have been looking for therapeutic qualities in natural environments. The use of plants having medicinal qualities for the treatment and prevention of illnesses that may have an impact on general health is known as herbal medicine. There has been a noticeable increase in interest lately in the combination of synthetic contemporary medications and traditional herbal remedies. About 80 % of people rely on it for healthcare, particularly in developing nations. One important aspect of overall health is said to be oral healthcare. The World Health Organization views oral health as a crucial component of overall health and well-being. Because they are more readily available, less expensive, and have fewer adverse effects than pharmaceutical treatments, using natural medicines to treat pathologic oro-dental disorders can make sense. The current evaluation of the literature sought to investigate the range and scope of the use of herbal products and their secondary metabolites in maintaining oral health, encompassing several oral healthcare domains such as halitosis, gingivitis, periodontitis, and other oral disorders. Therefore, there are many herbs discussed in this work and their mechanism in the treatment and improvement of many oral ailments. Besides, compounds that are useful in oral treatment with their natural sources and the cases where they can be used. To prevent any possible side effects or drug interactions, a doctor's consultation is necessary before using dental medicine. Although herbal therapy is safe and with minimum side effects, it is also strongly advised to do a more thorough preclinical and clinical evaluation before using herbal medicines officially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Esraa Fawzy Abosalem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Rana Yasser El-Basyouni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Shymaa E Elsheriri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Sara Hassan Elbehary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Marwa A A Fayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
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2
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Srivastava G, Mukherjee E, Mittal R, Ganjewala D. Geraniol and citral: recent developments in their anticancer credentials opening new vistas in complementary cancer therapy. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 79:163-177. [PMID: 38635829 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
About 10 million people are diagnosed with cancer each year. Globally, it is the second leading cause of death after heart disease, and by 2035, the death toll could reach 14.6 million. Several drugs and treatments are available to treat cancer, but survival rates remain low. Many studies in recent years have shown that plant-derived monoterpenes, particularly geraniol and citral, are effective against various cancers, including breast, liver, melanoma, endometrial, colon, prostate, and skin cancers. This trend has opened new possibilities for the development of new therapeutics or adjuvants in the field of cancer therapy. These monoterpenes can improve the efficacy of chemotherapy by modulating many signaling molecules and pathways within tumors. Analysis of reports on the anticancer effects published in the past 5 years provided an overview of the most important results of these and related properties. Also, the molecular mechanisms by which they exert their anticancer effects in cell and animal studies have been explained. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the scope of geraniol and citral as complementary or alternative treatment options in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Esha Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchika Mittal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Ganjewala
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, 77282 Amity University , Sector-125, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Boopathy LK, Roy A, Gopal T, Kandy RRK, Arumugam MK. Potential molecular mechanisms of myrtenal against colon cancer: A systematic review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23525. [PMID: 37665681 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a serious health problem across the globe with various dietary lifestyle modifications. It arises as an inflammation mediated crypts in the colon epithelial cells and undergoes uncontrolled cell division and proliferation. Bacterial enzymes contribute to a major outbreak in colon cancer development upon the release of toxic metabolites from the gut microflora. Pathogen associated molecular patterns and damage associated molecular patterns triggers the NLPR3 inflammasome pathways that releases pro-inflammatory cytokines to induce cancer of the colon. Contributing to this, specific chemokines and receptor complexes attribute to cellular proliferation and metastasis. Bacterial enzymes synergistically attack the colon mucosa and degenerate the cellular integrity causing lysosomal discharge. These factors further instigate the Tol like receptors (TLRs) and Nod like receptors (NLRs) to promote angiogenesis and supply nutrients for the cancer cells. Myrtenal, a monoterpene, is gaining more importance in recent times and it is being widely utilized against many diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. Based on the research data's, the reviews focus on the anticancer property of myrtenal by emphasizing its therapeutic properties which downregulate the inflammasome pathways and other signalling pathways. Combination therapy is gaining more importance as they can target every variant in the cellular stress condition. Clinical studies with compounds like myrtenal of the monoterpenes family is provided with positive results which might open an effective anticancer drug therapy. This review highlights myrtenal and its biological potency as a cost effective drug for prevention and treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rakhee Rathnam Kalari Kandy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Potocka W, Assy Z, Bikker FJ, Laine ML. Current and Potential Applications of Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives in Oral Health Care. Molecules 2023; 28:7178. [PMID: 37894657 PMCID: PMC10609285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant products have been employed in medicine for centuries. As the world becomes more health-conscious, there is a growing interest in natural and minimally processed products for oral health care. This has led to an increase in research into the bioactive compounds found in plant products, particularly monoterpenes. Monoterpenes are known to have beneficial biological properties, but the specific mechanisms by which they exert their effects are not yet fully understood. Despite this, some monoterpenes are already being used in oral health care. For example, thymol, which has antibacterial properties, is an ingredient in varnish used for caries prevention. In addition to this, monoterpenes have also demonstrated antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties, making them versatile for various applications. As research continues, there is potential for even more discoveries regarding the benefits of monoterpenes in oral health care. This narrative literature review gives an overview of the biological properties and current and potential applications of selected monoterpenes and their derivatives in oral health care. These compounds demonstrate promising potential for future medical development, and their applications in future research are expected to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Potocka
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Zainab Assy
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (Z.A.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Marja L. Laine
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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A multi-bioresponsive self-assembled nano drug delivery system based on hyaluronic acid and geraniol against liver cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120695. [PMID: 36925236 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a multi-bioresponsive self-assembled nano-drug delivery system (HSSG) was constructed by conjugating the anticancer drug Geraniol (GER) to hyaluronic acid (HA) via a disulfide bond. The HSSG NPs displayed a uniform spherical shape with an average diameter of ∼110 nm, maintained high stability, and realized controlled drug release in the tumor microenvironment (pH/glutathione/hyaluronidase). Results of fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry verified that HSSG NPs were selectively uptaken by human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 via CD44 receptor-mediated internalization. Studies on H22 tumor-bearing mice demonstrate that HSSG NPs could effectively accumulate at the tumor site for a long period. In vitro and in vivo studies show that HSSG NPs significantly promoted the death of cancer cells while reducing the toxicity as compared to GER. Therefore, the HSSG NPs have great potential in the treatment of tumors.
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Silva GDSE, de Jesus Marques JN, Moreira Linhares EP, Bonora CM, Costa ÉT, Saraiva MF. Review of anticancer activity of monoterpenoids: Geraniol, nerol, geranial and neral. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 362:109994. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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A Narrative Review of the Antitumor Activity of Monoterpenes from Essential Oils: An Update. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6317201. [PMID: 35655488 PMCID: PMC9155973 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6317201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Monoterpenes are a group of natural products that have been widely studied due to their therapeutic potential against various pathologies. These compounds are abundant in the chemical composition of essential oils. Cancer is a term that covers more than 100 different types of malignant diseases and is among the leading causes of death in the world. Therefore, the search for new pharmacotherapeutic options applicable to cancer is urgent. In this review, studies on the antitumor activity of monoterpenes found in essential oils were selected, and botanical, chemical, and pharmacological aspects were discussed. The most investigated monoterpenes were carvacrol and linalool with highly significant in vitro and in vivo tumor inhibition in several types of cancers. The action mechanisms of these natural products are also presented and are wildly varied being apoptosis the most prevalent followed by cell cycle impairment, ROS production, autophagy, necroptosis, and others. The studies reported here confirm the antitumor properties of monoterpenes and their anticancer potential against various types of tumors, as demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies using various types of cancer cells and tumors in animal models. The data described serve as a reference for the advancement in the mechanistic studies of these compounds and in the preparation of synthetic derivatives or analogues with a better antitumor profile.
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Yarmohammadi A, Narimani F, Wallace CE, Bishayee A. Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834072. [PMID: 35299751 PMCID: PMC8921560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Narimani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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9
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Karanam G, Arumugam MK. Potential anticancer effects of cyclo(-Pro-Tyr) against N-diethyl nitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mouse through PI3K/AKT signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:256-269. [PMID: 34726822 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oceans are considered as magnificent source of bioactive metabolites, of which marine sponges associated organisms are being the most effective producers of various bioactive molecules. We previously reported that cyclo(-Pro-Tyr) (CPT), a dipeptide from marine sponge Callyspongia fistularis associated Bacillus pumilus AMK1 bacteria for its anti-proliferative activity through down regulating PI3K signaling and inducing mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Further we emphasize to study the role of CPT against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in male swiss albino mice in vivo. In this study, HCC was induced by the administration of DEN (75 mg/kg b.wt) dissolved in saline once/week for 3 weeks, then 100 mg/kg b.wt for another successive 3 weeks and observed for 18 weeks. CPT (100 mg/kg b.wt) treatment was started after 14 weeks of DEN induction. The obtained results demonstrated that CPT altered DEN induced oxidative stress by decreasing serum SGOT and SGPT followed increment in the antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. This was accompanied by decreased accumulation of glycoconjugates and argyophilic nucleolar organizing regions in the treatment groups. Further, CPT significantly reduced the levels of phospho-PI3Kinase p85 and phospho-AKT and upregulation of PTEN compared with DEN induced group. Besides this, decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax, Caspase 3, and p53 was observed in CPT treated mice. Therefore, the anticancer mechanism of CPT against DEN induced HCC may be associated with the regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which ultimately stimulates apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Karanam
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Targeting cellular senescence in cancer by plant secondary metabolites: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 177:105961. [PMID: 34718135 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescence suppresses tumor growth, while also developing a tumorigenic state in the nearby cells that is mediated by senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs). The dual function of cellular senescence stresses the need for identifying multi-targeted agents directed towards the promotion of cell senescence in cancer cells and suppression of the secretion of pro-tumorigenic signaling mediators in neighboring cells. Natural secondary metabolites have shown favorable anticancer responses in recent decades, as some have been found to target the senescence-associated mediators and pathways. Furthermore, phenolic compounds and polyphenols, terpenes and terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds have shown to be promising anticancer agents through the regulation of paracrine and autocrine pathways. Plant secondary metabolites are potential regulators of SASPs factors that suppress tumor growth through paracrine mediators, including growth factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix components/enzymes, and proteases. On the other hand, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related, extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and receptor tyrosine kinase-associated mediators are main targets of candidate phytochemicals in the autocrine senescence pathway. Such a regulatory role of phytochemicals on senescence-associated pathways are associated with cell cycle arrest and the attenuation of apoptotic/inflammatory/oxidative stress pathways. The current systematic review highlights the critical roles of natural secondary metabolites in the attenuation of autocrine and paracrine cellular senescence pathways, while also elucidating the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic capabilities of these compounds. Additionally, we discuss current challenges, limitations, and future research indications.
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Kuzu B, Cüce G, Ayan İÇ, Gültekin B, Canbaz HT, Dursun HG, Şahin Z, Keskin İ, Kalkan SS. Evaluation of Apoptosis Pathway of Geraniol on Ishikawa Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2532-2537. [PMID: 33086902 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1836244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common type of cancer in the female reproductive system. Geraniol is acyclic monoterpene alcohol derived from essential oils of aromatic plants. This study aimed to investigate the apoptosis pathway of geraniol on Ishikawa cells. The cytotoxic effects of Geraniol on Ishikawa cells were determined by an MTT test. Ishikawa cells were seeded on cover slips, the IC50 dose was applied, and the cells were incubated with antibodies against Bax, Bcl-2, and TUNEL Assay. mRNA expression analysis of apoptosis-related genes was determined by RT-qPCR with an IC50 dose of Geraniol. The IC50 dose of Geraniol decreased Bcl-2 staining significantly, but it significantly increased Bax staining and TUNEL positive cells. A significant increase in the Bax, caspase3, caspase-8, cytochrome C and Fas genes and a significant decrease in the Bcl-2 gene was observed when the IC50 dose group was compared to the cells in the control group based on their mRNA expression levels.Analysis of expression of genes whose products are involved in apoptosis suggests the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Kuzu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Cüce
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - İlknur Çınar Ayan
- Department of Medical Biology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Burcu Gültekin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Halime Tuba Canbaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hamidiye Medical Faculty, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Gül Dursun
- Department of Medical Biology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zafer Şahin
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - İlknur Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabiha Serpil Kalkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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El-Emam SZ, Soubh AA, Al-Mokaddem AK, Abo El-Ella DM. Geraniol activates Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway mediating protection against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1849-1858. [PMID: 32417955 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Geraniol (GOH) is a natural essential oil that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties by various signaling pathways. Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a serious event that triggers liver dysfunction or even failure. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcriptional factor, maintains cellular defense mechanism through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. To detect GOH effect against liver IRI through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, five groups of rats were randomized to normal, sham, IR, GOH, and GOH/IR. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected to measure various biochemical parameters related to liver function, and oxidative stress as well as inflammatory and apoptotic indicators besides liver tissue histopathology was evaluated by light microscopy. GOH induces activation of Nrf2 along with the upregulation of HO-1 expression. Also, the antioxidant activity of GOH was shown by the elevation of total antioxidant capacity and GSH levels, together with normalizing malondialdehyde. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of GOH, it suppresses the levels of TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2. Additionally, the antiapoptotic effect of GOH, Bax, and caspase-3, 9 were reduced in liver tissue. GOH is a promising hepatoprotective agent in liver IRI through the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad Z El-Emam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Soubh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, ACU University, 4th Industrial Zone, Banks Complex, 6th of October City, Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K Al-Mokaddem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Dina M Abo El-Ella
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt.
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Crespo R, Rodenak-Kladniew BE, Castro MA, Soberón MV, Lavarías SM. Induction of oxidative stress as a possible mechanism by which geraniol affects the proliferation of human A549 and HepG2 tumor cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 320:109029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Khowal S, Wajid S. Role of Smoking-Mediated molecular events in the genesis of oral cancers. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:665-685. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1646372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Khowal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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15
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Zhang YF, Huang Y, Ni YH, Xu ZM. Systematic elucidation of the mechanism of geraniol via network pharmacology. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1069-1075. [PMID: 31040644 PMCID: PMC6455000 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s189088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Geraniol is an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, which is extracted from the ethereal oils of aromatic plants. A systematic analysis of its mechanism of action has not yet been carried out. Methods In this study, the druggability of geraniol was assessed via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), and the potential targets of geraniol were identified using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed using WebGestalt. Drug-target-pathway networks were constructed using Cytoscape to give a visual view. Results Our findings showed that geraniol has superb druggability with 38 putative identified target genes. GO, KEGG, and network analyses revealed that these targets were associated with cancer, inflammatory immunoreactions, and other physiological processes. Conclusion Geraniol is predicted to target multiple proteins and pathways that shape a network which can exert systematic pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yi-Hua Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zheng-Min Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
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16
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Nagabhishek SN, Madan Kumar A, B. S, Balakrishnan A, Katakia YT, Chatterjee S, Nagasundaram N. A marine sponge associated fungal metabolite monacolin X suppresses angiogenesis by down regulating VEGFR2 signaling. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26646-26667. [PMID: 35528587 PMCID: PMC9070443 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of global death and there is an urgent need for the development of cancer treatment; targeting VEGFR2 could be one of the promising therapies. In the present study, previously isolated marine fungal metabolite monacolin X, suppresses in vitro angiogenic characteristics such as proliferation, migration, adhesion, invasion and tube formation of HUVECs when stimulated by VEGF, at a non-toxic concentration. Monacolin X downregulated VEGFR2, PKCα and PKCη mRNA expression. Further, monacolin X inhibited in vivo angiogenesis in CAM assay, vascular sprouting in aortic ring, decreased ISV and SIV length and diameter in Tg (Kdr:EGFP)/ko1 zebrafish embryos. Monacolin X showed reduced protein expression of pVEGFR2, pAKT1, pMAPKAPK2, pFAK and pERK1 in breast cancer lines and in DMBA induced mammary carcinoma in SD rats showed tumor regression and anti-angiogenesis ability via decrease pVEGFR2 and pAKT1 protein expression. In silico studies also revealed monacolin X ability to bind to crucial amino acid Cys 919 in the active site of VEGFR2 suggesting it to be a potent VEGFR2 inhibitor. Cancer is one of the leading causes of global deaths and there is an urgent need for the development cancer treatment; targeting VEGFR2 could be one of the promising therapies.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirpu Natesh Nagabhishek
- Cancer Biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai-600 119
- India
| | - Arumugam Madan Kumar
- Cancer Biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai-600 119
- India
| | - Sambhavi B.
- Department of Genetics
- Dr ALM PGIBMS University of Madras Taramani
- Chennai
- India
| | | | - Yash T. Katakia
- Vascular Biology Lab
- AU-KBC Research Centre
- Department of Biotechnology
- Anna University
- Chennai
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Vascular Biology Lab
- AU-KBC Research Centre
- Department of Biotechnology
- Anna University
- Chennai
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17
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Apoptotic role of marine sponge symbiont Bacillus subtilis NMK17 through the activation of caspase-3 in human breast cancer cell line. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2641-2651. [PMID: 30414102 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diverse potential biological activity of partially purified crude extract (PPCEBS) of marine Bacillus subtilis NMK17 associated with marine sponge Clathria frondifera. Symbionts were isolated from a marine sponge, only the potential strain which exhibited apoptosis was sequenced using 16S rRNA and extract of the active strain was subjected to purification using HPLC. The potential pro-apoptotic role of PPCEBS was investigated in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line for cytotoxicity by MTT assay, which showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity on 24 h of exposure. The apoptotic findings demonstrated that PPCEBS significantly induces apoptosis, which was characterised by apoptotic morphological changes. Further, an increased expression of the Caspase 3 and Bax whereas decreased Bcl-2 was confirmed by immunofluorescence and western blotting analysis in MCF-7 cell line, which revealed that PPCEBS has potent apoptosis-inducing property. Added to the desirable apoptotic activity, PPCEBS exhibited excellent antibacterial and antioxidant activities too. The pharmacological effect of the marine sponge-associated bacteria from Gulf of Mannar India needs further attention in discovering new bioactive compounds. Our results suggested that the compounds present in the PPCEBS in marine bacterial B. subtilis NMK17 could be candidates for developing an apoptosis-specific drug with minimal toxicity. This study indicated that marine sponge-associated bacteria could be a good source to find the cytotoxic metabolites which would induce apoptosis and cause cancer cell death. Also, this study explores that marine natural products as a potential source of pharmaceuticals.
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18
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Kasnak G, Könönen E, Syrjänen S, Gürsoy M, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Firatli E, Gürsoy UK. NFE2L2/NRF2, OGG1, and cytokine responses of human gingival keratinocytes against oxidative insults of various origin. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:63-70. [PMID: 30030777 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial or tobacco-related insults induce oxidative stress in gingival keratinocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-oxidative and cytokine responses of human gingival keratinocytes (HMK cells) against Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg LPS), nicotine, and 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO). MATERIALS AND METHODS HMK cells were incubated with Pg LPS (1 µl/ml), nicotine (1.54 mM), and 4-NQO (1 µM) for 24 h. Intracellular and extracellular levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured with the Luminex® xMAP™ technique, and nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) with Western blots. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS All tested oxidative stress inducers increased intracellular OGG1 levels, whereas only nicotine and 4-NQO induced NFE2L2/NRF2 levels. Nicotine, 4-NQO, and their combinational applications with Pg LPS induced the secretions of IL-1β and IL-1Ra, while that of IL-8 was inhibited by the presence of Pg LPS. MCP-1 secretion was suppressed by nicotine, alone and together with Pg LPS, while 4-NQO activated its secretion. Treatment of HMK cells with Pg LPS, nicotine, 4-NQO, or their combinations did not affect VEGF levels. CONCLUSION Pg LPS, nicotine, and 4-NQO induce oxidative stress and regulate anti-oxidative response and cytokine expressions in human gingival keratinocytes differently. These results may indicate that bacterial and tobacco-related insults regulate distinct pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kasnak
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, Oral Health, City of Turku, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Fares Zeidán-Chuliá
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erhan Firatli
- Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulvi K Gürsoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520, Turku, Finland
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Khowal S, Naqvi SH, Monga S, Jain SK, Wajid S. Assessment of cellular and serum proteome from tongue squamous cell carcinoma patient lacking addictive proclivities for tobacco, betel nut, and alcohol: Case study. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5186-5221. [PMID: 29236289 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intriguing molecular pathways involved in oral carcinogenesis are still ambiguous. The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks as the most common type constituting more than 90% of the globally diagnosed oral cancers cases. The elevation in the OSCC incidence rate during past 10 years has an alarming impression on human healthcare. The major challenges associated with OSCC include delayed diagnosis, high metastatic rates, and low 5-year survival rates. The present work foundations on reverse genetic strategy and involves the identification of genes showing expressional variability in an OSCC case lacking addictive proclivities for tobacco, betel nut, and/or alcohol, major etiologies. The expression modulations in the identified genes were analyzed in 16 patients comprising oral pre-cancer and cancer histo-pathologies. The genes SCCA1 and KRT1 were found to down regulate while DNAJC13, GIPC2, MRPL17, IG-Vreg, SSFA2, and UPF0415 upregulated in the oral pre-cancer and cancer pathologies, implicating the genes as crucial players in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Khowal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Samar H Naqvi
- Molecular Diagnostics, Genetix Biotech Asia (P) Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Monga
- Department of ENT, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Swatantra K Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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