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Keram A, Pei N, Qi T, Xun J, Gu Y, Li W. Untargeted GC/TOFMS unravel metabolic profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of Chinese people living with HIV. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23673. [PMID: 33476447 PMCID: PMC7957991 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome becomes a focus of clinical cares to people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally. This study aimed to explore the metabolic profiles in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Chinese people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods Cerebrospinal fluid samples from PLHIV and healthy controls were collected from our hospital. Then, the metabolic profiles of CSFs were analyzed PLHIV with healthy individual as the normal controls using the untargeted GC/TOFMS. Following this, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes annotation and pathway analysis were performed to further explore the underlying mechanism of these metabolic alterations in cognitive impairment of PLHIV. Results Both PCA analysis and OPLS‐DA had presented that most samples were localized in 95% CI and the gap between control and HIV could significantly separate from each other. Upon this quality control, a total of 82 known metabolites were identified in CSF between PLHIV and healthy controls. Clustering of these metabolites presented that these differentially expressed metabolites could markedly distinguish HIV from healthy controls. Further pathway analyses showed that TCA cycle (citric acid, fumaric acid, lactate, et al.), amino acid (arginine, proline, alanine, aspartate, glutamine, et al.), lipid (cholesterol, butyrate, et al.) metabolisms were significantly changed in CSF of PLHIV, which might affect the cognitive status of PLHIV via affecting neuron energy support, signaling transduction, and neuroinflammation. Conclusion Metabolic profiles were significantly altered in CSF and might play key roles in the etiology of cognitive impairment of PHLIV. Further explore the exact mechanism for these metabolic changes might be useful for cognitive impairment management of PHLIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim Keram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Pei
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tangkai Qi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingna Xun
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Tuberculosis and Orthopaedics, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Pu J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Tian L, Gui S, Yu Y, Chen X, Chen Y, Yang L, Ran Y, Zhong X, Xu S, Song X, Liu L, Zheng P, Wang H, Xie P. An integrated meta-analysis of peripheral blood metabolites and biological functions in major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4265-4276. [PMID: 31959849 PMCID: PMC8550972 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental illness, characterized by high morbidity, which has increased in recent decades. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MDD remain unclear. Previous studies have identified altered metabolic profiles in peripheral tissues associated with MDD. Using curated metabolic characterization data from a large sample of MDD patients, we meta-analyzed the results of metabolites in peripheral blood. Pathway and network analyses were then performed to elucidate the biological themes within these altered metabolites. We identified 23 differentially expressed metabolites between MDD patients and controls from 46 studies. MDD patients were characterized by higher levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, tyramine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, phosphatidylcholine (32:1), and taurochenodesoxycholic acid and lower levels of L-acetylcarnitine, creatinine, L-asparagine, L-glutamine, linoleic acid, pyruvic acid, palmitoleic acid, L-serine, oleic acid, myo-inositol, dodecanoic acid, L-methionine, hypoxanthine, palmitic acid, L-tryptophan, kynurenic acid, taurine, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D compared with controls. L-tryptophan and kynurenic acid were consistently downregulated in MDD patients, regardless of antidepressant exposure. Depression rating scores were negatively associated with decreased levels of L-tryptophan. Pathway and network analyses revealed altered amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, especially for the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and fatty acid metabolism, in the peripheral system of MDD patients. Taken together, our integrated results revealed that metabolic changes in the peripheral blood were associated with MDD, particularly decreased L-tryptophan and kynurenic acid levels, and alterations in the tryptophan-kynurenine and fatty acid metabolism pathways. Our findings may facilitate biomarker development and the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that underly MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Pu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Hanping Zhang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lu Tian
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Siwen Gui
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yue Yu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901 USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yue Chen
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lining Yang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yanqin Ran
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xuemian Song
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Peng Zheng
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- grid.452206.70000 0004 1758 417XNHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China ,grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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3
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Methionine Exposure Alters Glutamate Uptake and Adenine Nucleotide Hydrolysis in the Zebrafish Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 53:200-209. [PMID: 25421208 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypermethioninemic patients may exhibit different neurological dysfunctions, and the mechanisms underlying these pathologies remain obscure. Glutamate and ATP are important excitatory neurotransmitters co-released at synaptic clefts, and whose activities are intrinsically related. Adenosine-the final product of ATP breakdown-is also an important neuromodulator. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term (7-day) exposure to 1.5 or 3 mM methionine (Met) on glutamate uptake in brain tissues (telencephalon, optic tectum, and cerebellum) and on ATP, ADP, and AMP catabolism by ecto-nucleotidases found in brain membrane samples, using a zebrafish model. Also, we evaluated the expression of ecto-nucleotidase (ntdp1, ntdp2mg, ntdp2mq, ntdp2mv, ntdp3, and nt5e) and adenosine receptor (adora1, adora2aa, adora2ab, adora2b) genes in the brain of zebrafish exposed to Met. In animals exposed to 3.0 mM Met, glutamate uptake in the telencephalon decreased significantly. Also, ATP and ADP (but not AMP) catabolism decreased significantly at both Met concentrations tested. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of ntpd genes and of the adenosine receptors adora1 and adora2aa increased significantly after Met exposure. In contrast, adora2ab mRNA levels decreased after Met exposure. Our data suggest that glutamate and ATP accumulate at synaptic clefts after Met exposure, with potential detrimental effects to the nervous system. This phenomenon might explain, at least in part, the increased susceptibility of hypermethioninemic patients to neurological symptoms.
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4
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Savio LEB, Vuaden FC, Kist LW, Pereira TC, Rosemberg DB, Bogo MR, Bonan CD, Wyse ATS. Proline-induced changes in acetylcholinesterase activity and gene expression in zebrafish brain: reversal by antipsychotic drugs. Neuroscience 2013; 250:121-8. [PMID: 23867765 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperprolinemia is an inherited disorder of proline metabolism and hyperprolinemic patients can present neurological manifestations, such as seizures, cognitive dysfunctions, and schizoaffective disorders. However, the mechanisms related to these symptoms are still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the in vivo and in vitro effects of proline on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and gene expression in the zebrafish brain. For the in vivo studies, animals were exposed at two proline concentrations (1.5 and 3.0mM) during 1h or 7 days (short- or long-term treatments, respectively). For the in vitro assays, different proline concentrations (ranging from 3.0 to 1000 μM) were tested. Long-term proline exposures significantly increased AChE activity for both treated groups when compared to the control (34% and 39%). Moreover, the proline-induced increase on AChE activity was completely reverted by acute administration of antipsychotic drugs (haloperidol and sulpiride), as well as the changes induced in ache expression. When assessed in vitro, proline did not promote significant changes in AChE activity. Altogether, these data indicate that the enzyme responsible for the control of acetylcholine levels might be altered after proline exposure in the adult zebrafish. These findings contribute for better understanding of the pathophysiology of hyperprolinemia and might reinforce the use of the zebrafish as a complementary vertebrate model for studying inborn errors of amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E B Savio
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600-Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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