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Gurugubelli KR, Ballambattu VB. Perspectives on folate with special reference to epigenetics and neural tube defects. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 125:108576. [PMID: 38479591 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Folate is a micronutrient essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, fetal growth and development. Folate deficiency leads to genomic instability. Inadequate intake of folate during conception may lead to neural tube defects (NTDs) in the offspring. Folate influences the DNA methylation, histone methylation and homocysteine mediated gene methylation. DNA methylation influences the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). Folate deficiency may be associated with miRNAs misregulation leading to NTDs. Mitochondrial epigenetics and folate metabolism has proved to be involved in embryogenesis and neural tube development. Folate related genetic variants also cause the occurrence of NTDs. Unmetabolized excessive folate may affect health adversely. Hence estimation of folate levels in the blood plays an important role in high-risk cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Rao Gurugubelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Medical College (AMC), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vishnu Bhat Ballambattu
- Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital (AVMC & H), Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumambakkam, Puducherry, India.
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Kozyraki R, Verroust P, Cases O. Cubilin, the intrinsic factor-vitamin B12 receptor. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 119:65-119. [PMID: 35337634 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cubilin (CUBN), the intrinsic factor-vitamin B12 receptor is a large endocytic protein involved in various physiological functions: vitamin B12 uptake in the gut; reabsorption of albumin and maturation of vitamin D in the kidney; nutrient delivery during embryonic development. Cubilin is an atypical receptor, peripherally associated to the plasma membrane. The transmembrane proteins amnionless (AMN) and Lrp2/Megalin are the currently known molecular partners contributing to plasma membrane transport and internalization of Cubilin. The role of Cubilin/Amn complex in the handling of vitamin B12 in health and disease has extensively been studied and so is the role of the Cubilin-Lrp2 tandem in renal pathophysiology. Accumulating evidence strongly supports a role of Cubilin in some developmental defects including impaired closure of the neural tube. Are these defects primarily caused by the dysfunction of a specific Cubilin ligand or are they secondary to impaired vitamin B12 or protein uptake? We will present the established Cubilin functions, discuss the developmental data and provide an overview of the emerging implications of Cubilin in the field of cardiovascular disease and cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kozyraki
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Verroust
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Cases
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Song X, Wei J, Shu J, Liu Y, Sun M, Zhu P, Qin J. Association of polymorphisms of FOLR1 gene and FOLR2 gene and maternal folic acid supplementation with risk of ventricular septal defect: a case-control study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1273-1280. [PMID: 35273364 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It was the first time to examine the role of maternal polymorphisms of FOLR1 gene and FOLR2 gene, as well as their interactions with maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS), in the risk of ventricular septal defect (VSD). METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 385 mothers of VSD infants and 652 controls. The exposures of interest were FAS and FOLR1 gene and FOLR2 gene polymorphisms. The logistic regression model was used for accessing the strength of association. RESULTS After controlling for the potential confounders, women who did not utilize folic acid had a substantially higher risk of VSD (aOR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.43), compared to those who did. We also observed genetic polymorphisms of FOLR1 gene at rs2071010 (GA vs. GG: aOR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.45 to 0.88) and rs11235462 (AA vs. TT: aOR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.33 to 0.84), as well as FOLR2 gene at rs651646 (AA vs. TT: aOR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.30 to 0.70), rs2298444 (CC vs. TT: aOR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.36 to 0.91) and rs514933 (TC vs. TT: aOR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.41 to 0.78) were associated with a lower risk of VSD. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant interaction between maternal FAS and genetic polymorphisms at rs514933 on the risk of VSD (FDR_P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The maternal genetic polymorphisms of the FOLR1 gene and FOLR2 gene, as well as FAS and their interactions, were shown to be significantly associated with the risk of VSD in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianhui Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Shu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengting Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiabi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of clinical epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Wahbeh F, Manyama M. The role of Vitamin B12 and genetic risk factors in the etiology of neural tube defects: A systematic review. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:386-406. [PMID: 33851436 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are birth defects that arise during embryogenesis when normal neural tube closure fails to occur. According to the World Health Organization, NTDs are detected annually in approximately 300,000 neonates worldwide. The exact etiology of NTDs remains complex and poorly understood. It is generally agreed that most NTD cases are of multifactorial origin, having a combination of multiple genes and a number of environmental risk factors. The role of folic acid, vitamin B12 deficiency, genetics and other risk factors, in the etiology of NTDs, has also been extensively studied. This knowledge synthesis brings together different types of evidence to update the role of vitamin B12 deficiency, genetics and other risk factors, in the etiology of NTDs. Following a PubMed search and screening for relevant articles, we included 40 studies in our review (30 case-control studies, 3 cross-sectional studies, 5 cohort studies, and 2 case reports). The available data showed that vitamin B12 levels were decreased in mothers and infants in NTD groups compared with control groups. Holo-transcobalamin, the active form of vitamin B12, was also found in lower levels in mothers with NTD-affected infants. Several studies reported elevated homocysteine levels in mothers and infants in NTD groups. Additionally, numerous studies reported links between genetic variants and increased NTD risk. These genes include GIF, LRP2, CUBN, TCb1R, MTHFR, and others. Several maternal factors have also been linked with significant NTD risk such as BMI, maternal diet, air pollutants, low maternal age, and many others. The majority of studies on NTDs have focused on the role of folic acid, hence there is a need for well-designed studies on the role of other risk factors like vitamin B12 deficiency in the etiology of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Wahbeh
- Division of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mange Manyama
- Division of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Kowalczyk I, Lee C, Schuster E, Hoeren J, Trivigno V, Riedel L, Görne J, Wallingford JB, Hammes A, Feistel K. Neural tube closure requires the endocytic receptor Lrp2 and its functional interaction with intracellular scaffolds. Development 2021; 148:dev195008. [PMID: 33500317 PMCID: PMC7860117 DOI: 10.1242/dev.195008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in the endocytic receptor LRP2 in humans are associated with severe neural tube closure defects (NTDs) such as anencephaly and spina bifida. Here, we have combined analysis of neural tube closure in mouse and in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis to elucidate the etiology of Lrp2-related NTDs. Lrp2 loss of function impaired neuroepithelial morphogenesis, culminating in NTDs that impeded anterior neural plate folding and neural tube closure in both model organisms. Loss of Lrp2 severely affected apical constriction as well as proper localization of the core planar cell polarity (PCP) protein Vangl2, demonstrating a highly conserved role of the receptor in these processes, which are essential for neural tube formation. In addition, we identified a novel functional interaction of Lrp2 with the intracellular adaptor proteins Shroom3 and Gipc1 in the developing forebrain. Our data suggest that, during neurulation, motifs within the intracellular domain of Lrp2 function as a hub that orchestrates endocytic membrane removal for efficient apical constriction, as well as PCP component trafficking in a temporospatial manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kowalczyk
- Disorders of the Nervous System, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chanjae Lee
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Elisabeth Schuster
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Josefine Hoeren
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Valentina Trivigno
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Levin Riedel
- Disorders of the Nervous System, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Görne
- Disorders of the Nervous System, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - John B Wallingford
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Annette Hammes
- Disorders of the Nervous System, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert Rössle Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Feistel
- University of Hohenheim, Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Garbenstrasse 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Jiang G, Zhang W, Wang T, Ding S, Shi X, Zhang S, Shi W, Liu A, Zheng S. Characteristics of genomic alterations in Chinese cholangiocarcinoma patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2020; 50:1117-1125. [PMID: 32533190 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a primary malignancy, which is often diagnosed as advanced and inoperable due to the lack of effective biomarkers and poor sensitivity of clinical diagnosis. Here, we aimed to identify the genomic profile of CCA and provided molecular evidence for further biomarker development. METHODS The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and matching blood samples were sequenced by deep sequencing targeting 450 cancer genes and genomic alteration analysis was performed. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was measured by an algorithm developed in-house. Correlation analysis was performed by Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The most commonly altered genes in this cohort were TP53 (41.27%, 26/63), KRAS (31.75%, 20/63), ARID1A and IDH1 (15.87%, 10/63, for both), SMAD4 (14.29%, 9/63), FGFR2 and BAP1 (12.70%, 8/63, for both), and CDKN2A (11.11%, 7/63). BAP1 mutations were significantly correlated with the CCA subtype. LRP2 mutations were significantly associated with the younger intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) patients, while BAP1 was associated with iCCA patients aged 55-65 years old. BAP1 and LRP2 mutations were associated with TMB. CONCLUSIONS Most Chinese CCA patients were 50-70 years old. BAP1 and LRP2 mutations were associated with the age of iCCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Jiang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wu Zhang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Songming Ding
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | - Angen Liu
- OrigiMed Co. Ltd, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Maternal gastric intrinsic factor A68G and paternal cubilin C758T variants increase the risk for neural tube defects in the fetus: A family-triad study from South India. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Renard E, Chéry C, Oussalah A, Josse T, Perrin P, Tramoy D, Voirin J, Klein O, Leheup B, Feillet F, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Guéant JL. Exome sequencing of cases with neural tube defects identifies candidate genes involved in one-carbon/vitamin B12 metabolisms and Sonic Hedgehog pathway. Hum Genet 2019; 138:703-713. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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