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Cheng H, Wei J, Liang M, Dai S, Liu X, Ma L, Wang H, Lai F. Calcium Glycerolate Catalyst Derived from Eggshell Waste for Cyclopentadecanolide Synthesis. Front Chem 2021; 9:770247. [PMID: 34957045 PMCID: PMC8695726 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.770247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis costs of macrolide musks are higher than those of other commercial musks. To make this process less expensive, eggshell waste was calcined at a low temperature to obtain a catalyst for the cyclopentadecanolide production via reactive distillation using a glycerol entrainer. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of the original and recovered catalysts revealed that the main catalytic ingredient was calcium glycerolate (CaG) and not calcium diglyceroxide (CaDG). The basic strengths of CaG and CaDG obtained by Hammett indicators were 7.2 < H_≤ 15.0 and 9.8 < H_≤15.0, while the corresponding base amounts were 1.9 and 7.3 mmol/ g, respectively. Because CaG was soluble in glycerine, the catalyst was efficiently reused. The reaction product containing over 95.0% cyclopentadecanolide with a yield of 49.8% was obtained at a temperature of 190°C and catalyst amount of 12 wt% after 7 h of reaction. Thus, eggshell waste may be directly placed into the reaction mixture after calcination at 600°C to synthesise a large amount of cyclopentadecanolide within a relatively short time. The results of this work indicate that eggshell waste can serve as a potential eco-friendly and affordable catalyst source for the production of macrolide musks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fang Lai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Dankers C, Tadros J, Harman DG, Aldrich-Wright JR, Nguyen TV, Gordon CP. Immobilized Carbodiimide Assisted Flow Combinatorial Protocol to Facilitate Amide Coupling and Lactamization. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:255-267. [PMID: 32283009 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Through a screen of over one hundred and 30 permutations of reaction temperatures, solvents, carbodiimide resins, and carbodiimide molar equivalences, in the presence, absence, or combination of diisopropylamine and benzotriazole additives, a convenient and first reported carbodiimide polymer-assisted flow approach to effect amide coupling and lactamization was developed. The protocol entails injecting a single solution (1:9 dimethylformamide: dichloromethane) containing a carboxylic acid and an amine or linear peptide sequence into a continuous stream of dichloromethane. The protocol remained viable in the absence of base, did not require carboxylate preactivation which, and in concert with minimal workup requirements, enabled the isolation of products in high yields. Compared to the utilization of untethered carbodiimide reagents, the flow procedure was also observed to provide a degree of racemization safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dankers
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
| | - Joseph Tadros
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
| | - David G. Harman
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
| | - Janice R. Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
- Nanoscale Organization and Dynamics Group, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
| | - Thanh V. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag, Penrith South DC, Sydney, New South Wales 1797, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Building 30, Goldsmith Avenue, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2560, Australia
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Gordon CP. Synthetic strategies to access staphylococcus auto-inducing peptides as quorum sensing modulators. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:379-390. [PMID: 31844862 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum-sensing system is arguably the most important regulator of staphylococcus virulence and has been the focus of tremendous interest in the development of effective therapies for pathogenic bacterial infections. With regards to chemotherapeutic based strategies, the significant proportion of currently reported agr-system modulating molecules are mimics of the native ArgC substrate, which is a thioester-based macrocyclic peptide know as the auto-inducing peptide. Over the past two decades, more than two-hundred synthetic analogues have been reported. This review traces the development of the synthetic strategies employed to synthesise these analogues with a particular focus on macrocyclisation. At present these synthetic approaches can be clustered into five broad categories (1) solution-phase cyclisation, (2) immobilised carbodiimide assisted cyclisation, (3) concomitant on-resin cleavage and macrocyclisation, (4) Boc-compatible chemoselective thioesterification, and (5) Fmoc-compatible chemoselective thioesterification. The advantages and limitation provided by each of the approaches are compared and contrasted with a view towards potential reaction scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Gordon
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Chakraborty M, Deb B, Dey B, Hussain SA, Maiti DK, Majumdar S. Amberlite IR 120H+Catalyzed N-C/C-N Coupled Cylization Strategy to Give Imidazoles: Design and Fabrication of Organic Nanomaterial with AFM Imaging. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799 022, Tripura (W) INDIA
| | - Barnali Deb
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799 022, Tripura (W) INDIA
| | - Bapi Dey
- Department of Physics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799 022, Tripura INDIA
| | - Syed Arshad Hussain
- Department of Physics; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799 022, Tripura INDIA
| | - Dilip K. Maiti
- Department of Chemistry; University of Calcutta; 92 A P C Road Kolkata 700 009 INDIA
| | - Swapan Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Suryamaninagar 799 022, Tripura (W) INDIA
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Rizzo S, Wakchaure V, Waldmann H. Natural Product-Derived and Natural Product-Inspired Compound Collections. METHODS AND PRINCIPLES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527676545.ch02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Rizzo S, Waldmann H. Development of a Natural-Product-Derived Chemical Toolbox for Modulation of Protein Function. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4621-39. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400442v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rizzo
- Abteilung
Chemische Biologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Abteilung
Chemische Biologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Krishna J, Reddy AGK, Satyanarayana G. Formation of bi-aryls via a domino palladium catalysis. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Brehm E, Breinbauer R. Investigation of the origin and synthetic application of the pseudodilution effect for Pd-catalyzed macrocyclisations in concentrated solutions with immobilized catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4750-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chouhan G, James K. CuAAC Macrocyclization: High Intramolecular Selectivity through the Use of Copper–Tris(triazole) Ligand Complexes. Org Lett 2011; 13:2754-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200861f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Chouhan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92014, United States
| | - Keith James
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92014, United States
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Bogdan AR, James K. Efficient access to new chemical space through flow--construction of druglike macrocycles through copper-surface-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Chemistry 2011; 16:14506-12. [PMID: 21038332 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of 12- to 22-membered macrocycles, with druglike functionality and properties, have been generated by using a simple and efficient copper-catalyzed azide-acetylene cycloaddition reaction, conducted in flow in high-temperature copper tubing, under environmentally friendly conditions. The triazole-containing macrocycles have been generated in up to 90 % yield in a 5 min reaction, without resorting to the high-dilution conditions typical of macrocyclization reactions. This approach represents a very efficient method for constructing this important class of molecules, in terms of yield, concentration, and environmental considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Bogdan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Marsault E, Peterson ML. Macrocycles Are Great Cycles: Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges of Synthetic Macrocycles in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1961-2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1012374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Marsault
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke Québec, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Mark L. Peterson
- Tranzyme Pharma Inc., 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada
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Marcaurelle LA, Comer E, Dandapani S, Duvall JR, Gerard B, Kesavan S, Lee MD, Liu H, Lowe JT, Marie JC, Mulrooney CA, Pandya BA, Rowley A, Ryba TD, Suh BC, Wei J, Young DW, Akella LB, Ross NT, Zhang YL, Fass DM, Reis SA, Zhao WN, Haggarty SJ, Palmer M, Foley MA. An aldol-based build/couple/pair strategy for the synthesis of medium- and large-sized rings: discovery of macrocyclic histone deacetylase inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:16962-76. [PMID: 21067169 DOI: 10.1021/ja105119r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An aldol-based build/couple/pair (B/C/P) strategy was applied to generate a collection of stereochemically and skeletally diverse small molecules. In the build phase, a series of asymmetric syn- and anti-aldol reactions were performed to produce four stereoisomers of a Boc-protected γ-amino acid. In addition, both stereoisomers of O-PMB-protected alaninol were generated to provide a chiral amine coupling partner. In the couple step, eight stereoisomeric amides were synthesized by coupling the chiral acid and amine building blocks. The amides were subsequently reduced to generate the corresponding secondary amines. In the pair phase, three different reactions were employed to enable intramolecular ring-forming processes: nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S(N)Ar), Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition, and ring-closing metathesis (RCM). Despite some stereochemical dependencies, the ring-forming reactions were optimized to proceed with good to excellent yields, providing a variety of skeletons ranging in size from 8- to 14-membered rings. Scaffolds resulting from the RCM pairing reaction were diversified on the solid phase to yield a 14 400-membered library of macrolactams. Screening of this library led to the discovery of a novel class of histone deacetylase inhibitors, which display mixed enzyme inhibition, and led to increased levels of acetylation in a primary mouse neuron culture. The development of stereo-structure/activity relationships was made possible by screening all 16 stereoisomers of the macrolactams produced through the aldol-based B/C/P strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Marcaurelle
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States.
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Kelly AR, Wei J, Kesavan S, Marilé JC, Windmon N, Young DW, Marcaurelle LA. Accessing skeletal diversity using catalyst control: formation of n and n + 1 macrocyclic triazole rings. Org Lett 2009; 11:2257-60. [PMID: 19473044 PMCID: PMC2702139 DOI: 10.1021/ol900562u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A regioselective intramolecular Huisgen cycloaddition was performed on various azido alkyne substrates giving rise to macrocyclic triazole rings. Using catalyst control, a common intermediate has been converted to two structurally unique macrocycles with either a 1,5- or a 1,4-triazole resulting in an n or n + 1 ring size. This is the first example of an intramolecular ruthenium-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rowley Kelly
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Jingqiang Wei
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Sarathy Kesavan
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Jean-Charles Marilé
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Nicole Windmon
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Damian W. Young
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Lisa A. Marcaurelle
- Chemical Biology Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142
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Satyanarayana G, Maier ME. Biaryl Formation from 5-(2-Bromobenzyl)-Substituted Piperidin-2-ones via Palladacycles. Org Lett 2008; 10:2361-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800330d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gedu Satyanarayana
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin E. Maier
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Hioki K, Kameyama S, Tani S, Kunishima M. Immobilized Triazine-Type Dehydrocondensing Reagents for Carboxamide Formation: ROMP-Trz-Cl and ROMP(OH)-Trz-Cl. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:825-8. [PMID: 17473480 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
New triazine-type dehydrocondensing reagents, such as ROMP-Trz-Cl and ROMP(OH)-Trz-Cl, were synthesized by a ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) method, and these showed higher loading than conventional polymer-supported condensing reagents. These polymers effect the formation of amides in good yields by addition of a mixture of carboxylic acid, amine and NMM. ROMP(OH)-Trz-Cl, which contains hydroxyl groups in the polymer chain, gave amides in good yields even in MeOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Hioki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 650-8586, Japan
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Martínez-Palou R. Advances in Microwave-Assisted Combinatorial Chemistry Without Polymer-Supported Reagents. Mol Divers 2006; 10:435-62. [PMID: 16896542 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-006-9021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Combinatorial methodologies have dramatically changed the chemical research and discovery process, offering an unlimited source of new molecule entities to be screened for activity. The application of microwave irradiation in Combinatorial Chemistry and high-throughput synthesis has become increasingly popular. By taking advantage of this energy source, compound libraries for lead generation can be assembled in a fraction of time required by conventional thermal heating. This review focuses on the advances in developing synthetic methodologies in microwave without polymer-supported reagents suitable for combinatorial chemistry, including the advances in microwave-assisted fluorous synthesis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Martínez-Palou
- Programa de Ingeniería Molecular, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, México, DF, México.
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