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Tian Y, Li G, Du X, Zeng T, Chen L, Xu W, Gu T, Tao Z, Lu L. Integration of LC-MS-Based and GC-MS-Based Metabolic Profiling to Reveal the Effects of Domestication and Boiling on the Composition of Duck Egg Yolks. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010135. [PMID: 36677059 PMCID: PMC9866831 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg yolks contain abundant lipids, proteins, and minerals that provide not only essential nutrients for embryonic development but also cheap sources of nutrients for consumers worldwide. Previous composition analyses of egg yolks primarily focused on nutrients such as lipids and minerals. However, few studies have reported the effects of domestication and heating on yolk composition and characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of domestication and boiling on the metabolite contents of egg yolks via untargeted metabolomics using GC-MS and LC-MS. In this study, eggs were collected from Fenghua teals, captive mallards, and Shaoxing ducks. Twelve duck eggs (half raw and half cooked) were randomly selected from each variety, and the egg yolks were separated for metabolic profiling. The analysis identified 1205 compounds in the egg yolks. Domestication generated more differential metabolites than boiling, which indicated that the changes in the metabolome of duck egg yolk caused by domestication were greater than those caused by boiling. In a comparative analysis of domestic and mallard ducks, 48 overlapping differential metabolites were discovered. Among them, nine metabolites were upregulated in domesticated ducks, including monoolein, emodin, daidzein, genistein, and glycitein, which may be involved in lipid metabolism; some of them may also act as phytoestrogens (flavonoids). Another 39 metabolites, including imethylethanolamine, harmalan, mannitol, nornicotine, linoleic acid, diphenylamine, proline betaine, alloxanthin, and resolvin d1, were downregulated by domestication and were linked to immunity, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, four overlapping differential metabolites that included amino acids and dipeptides were discovered in paired comparisons of the raw and boiled samples. Our findings provided new insights into the molecular response of duck domestication and supported the use of metabolomics to examine the impact of boiling on the composition of egg yolks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guoqin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xizhong Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Zhengrong Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8640-6682
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Xie YW, Zhao ZN, Lin ZW, Wang YH, Liu YQ, Huang YY. Asymmetric Petasis reaction for the synthesis of chiral α- and β-butadienyl amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2364-2367. [PMID: 33533779 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08241d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Petasis reaction using (1S,2R)-1-amino-2-indanol as the substrate and an activator to construct α- and β-butadienyl amines in optically pure forms was realized, which are otherwise difficult to prepare. The reactions feature a metal-free nature, broad substrate scope, complete regioselectivities (γ-selectivity of pinacol homoallenyl- and isoprenylboronates), and high to excellent chirality induction (up to >20 : 1 dr). The favored nucleophilic addition across the Si-face of the imine intermediate was explained using DFT calculations of the six-membered chair-like transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Xie
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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5
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Lamberth C. Multicomponent reactions in crop protection chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115471. [PMID: 32253096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An overview is given of the significance of multicomponent reactions in the synthesis of agrochemicals. The most important applications of multicomponent condensations, such as the Biginelli reaction, Bucherer-Bergs reaction, Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis, Kabachnik-Fields reaction, Mannich reaction, Passerini reaction, Petasis reaction, Strecker reaction, Ugi reaction and Willgerodt-Kindler reaction, to the synthesis of herbicidally, fungicidally and insecticidally active compounds are presented. Also the mode of action and biological activity of these multicomponent reaction products are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Lamberth
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Chemical Research, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland.
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6
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Hocine S, Berger G, Hanessian S. Design and Synthesis of Backbone-Fused, Conformationally Constrained Morpholine-Proline Chimeras. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4237-4247. [PMID: 32134267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two novel bridged morpholine-proline chimeras 4 and 5, which represent rigid conformationally locked three-dimensional structures wherein the lone pairs of electrons on oxygen and nitrogen are oriented in spatially different "east-west" and "north-west" directions, respectively. In combination with the presence of a carboxylic acid, the electronic features of these compounds may be useful in the context of peptidomimetic design of biologically relevant compounds. Quantitative estimates of the basicity of the nitrogen atoms were obtained using conceptual density functional theory analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Hocine
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gilles Berger
- Microbiology, Bioorganic & Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Station Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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7
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Wu P, Givskov M, Nielsen TE. Reactivity and Synthetic Applications of Multicomponent Petasis Reactions. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11245-11290. [PMID: 31454230 PMCID: PMC6813545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Petasis boron-Mannich reaction, simply referred to as the Petasis reaction, is a powerful multicomponent coupling reaction of a boronic acid, an amine, and a carbonyl derivative. Highly functionalized amines with multiple stereogenic centers can be efficiently accessed via the Petasis reaction with high levels of both diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. By drawing attention to examples reported in the past 8 years, this Review demonstrates the breadth of the reactivity and synthetic applications of Petasis reactions in several frontiers: the expansion of the substrate scope in the classic three-component process; nonclassic Petasis reactions with additional components; Petasis-type reactions with noncanonical substrates, mechanism, and products; new asymmetric versions assisted by chiral catalysts; combinations with a secondary or tertiary transformation in a cascade- or sequence-specific manner to access structurally complex, natural-product-like heterocycles; and the synthesis of polyhydroxy alkaloids and biologically interesting molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Chemical
Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Chemical
Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department
of Medicine and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University
of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton
Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Singapore
Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Thomas E. Nielsen
- Costerton
Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Singapore
Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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Lenci E, Rossi A, Menchi G, Trabocchi A. Short synthesis of polyfunctional sp3-rich threonine-derived morpholine scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9710-9717. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02454a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of sp3-rich complex morpholines was achieved in two steps involving a Petasis three-component coupling reaction followed by an acid- or base-mediated cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Alessio Rossi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Gloria Menchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM)
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM)
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Guerrera CA, Ryder TR. The Petasis Borono-Mannich Multicomponent Reaction. BORON REAGENTS IN SYNTHESIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2016-1236.ch009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cessandra A. Guerrera
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, United States
| | - Todd R. Ryder
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, United States
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