Microwave-assisted one-pot multi-component reaction: synthesis of novel and highly functionalized 3-(pyranyl)- and 3-(dihydropyridinyl)indole derivatives

Chemistry of 3-cyanoacetyl indoles: synthesis, reactions and applications: a recent update

Indole is a significant nitrogen-based heterocycle with particular importance in the synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds. Indole based compounds have been recently attracting much attention due to their biological and pharmaceutical activities. 3-Substituted indoles such as cyanoacetyl indoles (CAIs) are nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds which are easily obtained from the reaction of indoles and cyanoacetic acid. They are versatile starting materials utilized for the construction of a wide variety of molecules containing indole moieties in organic synthesis. In this study, we provide an overview on the synthesis of 3-cyanoacetyl indoles (CAIs) and their recent applications in the multi-component reactions for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds such as pyranes, pyridines, dihydropyridines, pyrimidines, tetrahydropyrimidines, pyrazoles, pyrazolopyridines, pyrazolopyrimidines, pyridopyrimidines, tetrazolopyrimidines, triazolopyrimidines, furans, dihydrofurans, coumarins, pyrimido naphthyridines, chromenes, thiazoles, pyrimidoindazoles, pyrazoloquinolines, isoxazolopyridines, and carbazoles and their biological activities during the period of 2013 to 2022.

Recent advances in the application of indoles in multicomponent reactions

Indoles are some of the most versatile and common nitrogen-based heterocyclic scaffolds and are frequently used in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Indole based compounds are very important among heterocyclic structures due to their biological and pharmaceutical activities. The last decade, in particular, has witnessed considerable activity towards the synthesis of indole derivatives due to the possibilities for the design of polycyclic structures by the incorporation of multiple fused heterocyclic scaffolds in an attempt to achieve promising new heterocycles with chemical and biomedical relevance. In this study, we provide an overview on recent applications of indole in the multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds during the period of 2012 to 2017.

Iodine-catalyzed sp³ C-H bond activation by selenium dioxide: synthesis of diindolylmethanes and di(3-indolyl)selanides

An efficient reaction protocol was developed for the synthesis of several diindolylmethane derivatives via the [Formula: see text] C-H bond activation of aryl methyl ketones by [Formula: see text] and indoles in the presence of catalytic amounts of [Formula: see text] at 80 [Formula: see text] using dioxane as solvent. Unexpectedly, an interesting class of di(3-indolyl)selenide compounds was isolated when the reaction was carried out at room temperature.