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Chen D, Chen Q, Qin X, Tong P, Peng L, Zhang T, Xia C. Development and evolution of human glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors (QCIs): an alternative promising approach for disease-modifying treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1209863. [PMID: 37600512 PMCID: PMC10435661 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1209863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human glutaminyl cyclase (hQC) is drawing considerable attention and emerging as a potential druggable target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its close involvement in the pathology of AD via the post-translational pyroglutamate modification of amyloid-β. A recent phase 2a study has shown promising early evidence of efficacy for AD with a competitive benzimidazole-based QC inhibitor, PQ912, which also demonstrated favorable safety profiles. This finding has sparked new hope for the treatment of AD. In this review, we briefly summarize the discovery and evolution of hQC inhibitors, with a particular interest in classic Zinc binding group (ZBG)-containing chemicals reported in recent years. Additionally, we highlight several high-potency inhibitors and discuss new trends and challenges in the development of QC inhibitors as an alternative and promising disease-modifying therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyuan Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qingxiu Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaofei Qin
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Peipei Tong
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Liping Peng
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunli Xia
- School of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
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2
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Discovery of potent indazole-based human glutaminyl cyclase (QC) inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Pham TNH, Nguyen TH, Tam NM, Y Vu T, Pham NT, Huy NT, Mai BK, Tung NT, Pham MQ, V Vu V, Ngo ST. Improving ligand-ranking of AutoDock Vina by changing the empirical parameters. J Comput Chem 2021; 43:160-169. [PMID: 34716930 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AutoDock Vina (Vina) achieved a very high docking-success rate, p ^ , but give a rather low correlation coefficient, R , for binding affinity with respect to experiments. This low correlation can be an obstacle for ranking of ligand-binding affinity, which is the main objective of docking simulations. In this context, we evaluated the dependence of Vina R coefficient upon its empirical parameters. R is affected more by changing the gauss2 and rotation than other terms. The docking-success rate p ^ is sensitive to the alterations of the gauss1, gauss2, repulsion, and hydrogen bond parameters. Based on our benchmarks, the parameter set1 has been suggested to be the most optimal. The testing study over 800 complexes indicated that the modified Vina provided higher correlation with experiment R set 1 = 0.556 ± 0.025 compared with R Default = 0.493 ± 0.028 obtained by the original Vina and R Vina 1.2 = 0.503 ± 0.029 by Vina version 1.2. Besides, the modified Vina can be also applied more widely, giving R ≥ 0.500 for 32/48 targets, compared with the default package, giving R ≥ 0.500 for 31/48 targets. In addition, validation calculations for 1036 complexes obtained from version 2019 of PDBbind refined structures showed that the set1 of parameters gave higher correlation coefficient ( R set 1 = 0.617 ± 0.017 ) than the default package ( R Default = 0.543 ± 0.020 ) and Vina version 1.2 ( R Vina 1.2 = 0.540 ± 0.020 ). The version of Vina with set1 of parameters can be downloaded at https://github.com/sontungngo/mvina. The outcomes would enhance the ranking of ligand-binding affinity using Autodock Vina.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ngoc Han Pham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Trung Hai Nguyen
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Computational Chemistry Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thien Y Vu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhat Truong Pham
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Truong Huy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tung
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Quan Pham
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van V Vu
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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4
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Ikeda K, Kezuka Y, Nonaka T, Yonezawa T, Osawa M, Katoh E. Comprehensive Approach of 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Enzymatic, and In Silico Methods for Site-Specific Hit Selection and Validation of Fragment Molecules that Inhibit Methionine γ-Lyase Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14299-14310. [PMID: 34582207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fragment-based screening using 19F NMR (19F-FS) is an efficient method for exploring seed and lead compounds for drug discovery. Here, we demonstrate the utility and merits of using 19F-FS for methionine γ-lyase-binding fragments, together with a 19F NMR-based competition and mutation assay, as well as enzymatic and in silico methods. 19F NMR-based assays provided useful information on binding between 19F-FS hit fragments and target proteins. Although the 19F-FS and enzymatic assay were weakly correlated, they show that the 19F-FS hit fragments contained compounds with inhibitory activity. Furthermore, we found that in silico calculations partially account for the differences in activity levels between the 19F-FS hits as per NMR analysis. A comprehensive approach combining the 19F-FS and other methods not only identified fragment hits but also distinguished structural differences in chemical groups with diverse activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Ikeda
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kezuka
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Takamasa Nonaka
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3694, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yonezawa
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masanori Osawa
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Etsuko Katoh
- Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
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Szilágyi K, Flachner B, Hajdú I, Szaszkó M, Dobi K, Lőrincz Z, Cseh S, Dormán G. Rapid Identification of Potential Drug Candidates from Multi-Million Compounds' Repositories. Combination of 2D Similarity Search with 3D Ligand/Structure Based Methods and In Vitro Screening. Molecules 2021; 26:5593. [PMID: 34577064 PMCID: PMC8468386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid in silico selection of target focused libraries from commercial repositories is an attractive and cost-effective approach in early drug discovery. If structures of active compounds are available, rapid 2D similarity search can be performed on multimillion compounds' databases. This approach can be combined with physico-chemical parameter and diversity filtering, bioisosteric replacements, and fragment-based approaches for performing a first round biological screening. Our objectives were to investigate the combination of 2D similarity search with various 3D ligand and structure-based methods for hit expansion and validation, in order to increase the hit rate and novelty. In the present account, six case studies are described and the efficiency of mixing is evaluated. While sequentially combined 2D/3D similarity approach increases the hit rate significantly, sequential combination of 2D similarity with pharmacophore model or 3D docking enriched the resulting focused library with novel chemotypes. Parallel integrated approaches allowed the comparison of the various 2D and 3D methods and revealed that 2D similarity-based and 3D ligand and structure-based techniques are often complementary, and their combinations represent a powerful synergy. Finally, the lessons we learnt including the advantages and pitfalls of the described approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - György Dormán
- TargetEx Ltd., Madách I. u. 31/2, 2120 Dunakeszi, Hungary; (K.S.); (B.F.); (I.H.); (M.S.); (K.D.); (Z.L.); (S.C.)
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6
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Van Manh N, Hoang VH, Ngo VTH, Ann J, Jang TH, Ha JH, Song JY, Ha HJ, Kim H, Kim YH, Lee J, Lee J. Discovery of highly potent human glutaminyl cyclase (QC) inhibitors as anti-Alzheimer's agents by the combination of pharmacophore-based and structure-based design. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113819. [PMID: 34536669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of glutaminyl cyclase (QC) may provide a promising strategy for the treatment of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) by reducing the amount of the toxic pyroform of β-amyloid (AβΝ3pE) in the brains of AD patients. In this work, we identified potent QC inhibitors with subnanomolar IC50 values that were up to 290-fold higher than that of PQ912, which is currently being tested in Phase II clinical trials. Among the tested compounds, the cyclopentylmethyl derivative (214) exhibited the most potent in vitro activity (IC50 = 0.1 nM), while benzimidazole (227) showed the most promising in vivo efficacy, selectivity and druggable profile. 227 significantly reduced the concentration of pyroform Aβ and total Aβ in the brain of an AD animal model and improved the alternation behavior of mice during Y-maze tests. The crystal structure of human QC (hQC) in complex with 214 indicated tight binding at the active site, supporting that the specific inhibition of QC results in potent in vitro and in vivo activity. Considering the recent clinical success of donanemab, which targets AβΝ3pE, small molecule-based QC inhibitors may also provide potential therapeutic options for early-stage AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Manh
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Van-Hai Hoang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Van T H Ngo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Graduate Department of Healthcare Science, Dainam University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Jihyae Ann
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Jang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Ha
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Song
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Ha
- Medifron DBT, Seoul, 08502, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kim
- Medifron DBT, Seoul, 08502, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science, Sungshin University, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Xu C, Wang YN, Wu H. Glutaminyl Cyclase, Diseases, and Development of Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6549-6565. [PMID: 34000808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyroglutamate (pE) modification, catalyzed mainly by glutaminyl cyclase (QC), is prevalent throughout nature and is particularly important in mammals including humans for the maturation of hormones, peptides, and proteins. In humans, the upregulation of QC is involved in multiple diseases and conditions including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, melanomas, thyroid carcinomas, accelerated atherosclerosis, septic arthritics, etc. This upregulation catalyzes the generation of modified mediators such as pE-amyloid beta (Aß) and pE-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) peptides. Not surprisingly, QC has emerged as a reasonable target for the development of therapeutics to combat these diseases and conditions. In this manuscript the deleterious effects of upregulated QC resulting in disease manifestation are reviewed, along with progress on the development of QC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshu Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yi-Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haiqiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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8
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Abstract
A diverse range of N-terminally truncated and modified forms of amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers have been discovered in Alzheimer’s disease brains, including the pyroglutamate-Aβ (AβpE3). AβpE3 species are shown to be more neurotoxic when compared with the full-length Aβ peptide. Findings visibly suggest that glutaminyl cyclase (QC) catalyzed the generation of cerebral AβpE3, and therapeutic effects are achieved by reducing its activity. In recent years, efforts to effectively develop QC inhibitors have been pursued worldwide. The inhibitory activity of current QC inhibitors is mainly triggered by zinc-binding groups that coordinate Zn2+ ion in the active site and other common features. Herein, we summarized the current state of discovery and evolution of QC inhibitors as a potential Alzheimer’s disease-modifying strategy.
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Wang X, Wang L, Yu X, Li Y, Liu Z, Zou Y, Zheng Y, He Z, Wu H. Glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in both AD and LPS-induced inflammatory model mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Xu A, He F, Yu C, Qu Y, Zhang Q, Lv J, Zhang X, Ran Y, Wei C, Wu J. The Development of Small Molecule Inhibitors of Glutaminyl Cyclase and Isoglutaminyl Cyclase for Alzheimer's Disease. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Xu
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Feng He
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Chenggong Yu
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Ying Qu
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Qiuqiong Zhang
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Jiahui Lv
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Xiangna Zhang
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Yingying Ran
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Chao Wei
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
| | - Jingde Wu
- College of PharmacyShanDong University, 4 4 West WenHua Road JiNan 250012 China
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Hoang VH, Ngo VTH, Cui M, Manh NV, Tran PT, Ann J, Ha HJ, Kim H, Choi K, Kim YH, Chang H, Macalino SJY, Lee J, Choi S, Lee J. Discovery of Conformationally Restricted Human Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitors as Potent Anti-Alzheimer's Agents by Structure-Based Design. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8011-8027. [PMID: 31411468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable, progressive neurodegenerative disease whose pathogenesis cannot be defined by one single element but consists of various factors; thus, there is a call for alternative approaches to tackle the multifaceted aspects of AD. Among the potential alternative targets, we aim to focus on glutaminyl cyclase (QC), which reduces the toxic pyroform of β-amyloid in the brains of AD patients. On the basis of a putative active conformation of the prototype inhibitor 1, a series of N-substituted thiourea, urea, and α-substituted amide derivatives were developed. The structure-activity relationship analyses indicated that conformationally restrained inhibitors demonstrated much improved QC inhibition in vitro compared to nonrestricted analogues, and several selected compounds demonstrated desirable therapeutic activity in an AD mouse model. The conformational analysis of a representative inhibitor indicated that the inhibitor appeared to maintain the Z-E conformation at the active site, as it is critical for its potent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Hai Hoang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Van T H Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics & Faculty of Pharmacy , Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City 75307 , Vietnam
| | - Minghua Cui
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Van Manh
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong-Thao Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Hanoi University of Pharmacy , Hanoi 10000 , Vietnam
| | - Jihyae Ann
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Ha
- Medifron DBT , Sandanro 349 , Danwon-Gu, Ansan-City , Gyeonggi-Do 15426 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kim
- Medifron DBT , Sandanro 349 , Danwon-Gu, Ansan-City , Gyeonggi-Do 15426 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghyun Choi
- Medifron DBT , Sandanro 349 , Danwon-Gu, Ansan-City , Gyeonggi-Do 15426 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Medifron DBT , Sandanro 349 , Danwon-Gu, Ansan-City , Gyeonggi-Do 15426 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Chang
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Stephani Joy Y Macalino
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science , Sungshin University , Seoul 01133 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Choi
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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Tran PT, Hoang VH, Lee J, Hien TTT, Tung NT, Ngo ST. In vitroandin silicodetermination of glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29619-29627. [PMID: 35531555 PMCID: PMC9071946 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease currently. It is widely accepted that AD is characterized by the self-assembly of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. The human glutaminyl cyclase (hQC) enzyme is characterized by association with Aβ peptide generation. The development of hQC inhibitors could prevent the self-aggregation of Aβ peptides, resulting in impeding AD. Utilizing structural knowledge of the hQC substrates and known hQC inhibitors, new heterocyclic and peptidomimetic derivatives were synthesized and were able to inhibit the hQC enzyme. The inhibiting abilities of these compounds were evaluated using a fluorometric assay. The binding mechanism at the atomic level was estimated using molecular docking, free energy perturbation, and quantum chemical calculation methods. The predicted log(BBB) and human intestinal absorption values indicated that these compounds are able to permeate the blood–brain barrier and be well-absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, 5,6-dimethoxy-N-(3-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine (1_2) was indicated as a potential drug for AD treatment. Rational design of new hQC inhibitors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong-Thao Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Van-Hai Hoang
- Institute of Research and Development
- Duy Tan University
- Da Nang 550000
- Vietnam
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry
- College of Pharmacy
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Korea
| | | | - Nguyen Thanh Tung
- Institute of Materials Science
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
- Hanoi
- Vietnam
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics
- Ton Duc Thang University
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
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13
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Structure-activity relationship investigation of Phe-Arg mimetic region of human glutaminyl cyclase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3133-3144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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