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Patel KB, Patel RV, Ahmad I, Rajani D, Patel H, Mukherjee S, Kumari P. Design, synthesis, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and MMGBSA analysis of 7-O-substituted 5-hydroxy flavone derivatives. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6378-6392. [PMID: 37551031 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2243520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of chrysin derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against four different bacterial strains. We have synthesized new propyl-substituted and butyl-substituted chrysin-piperazine derivatives, which show marvellous inhibition against E. coli and S. aureus. The free hydroxyl group at the C-5 position of chrysin improved therapeutic efficacy in vivo and was a beneficial formulation for chemotherapy. All synthesized compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques such as IR, NMR, HPLC, and mass spectrometry. The compounds exhibited moderate to good inhibition, and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) has also been illustrated. Among the synthesised compounds, compounds 4 and 10 were the most active against S. pyogenes and E. coli, with 12.5 g/mL MICs; additionally, compound 12 exhibits significant activity on both the S. aureus and E. coli stains. Based on the promising activity profile and docking score of compound 12, it was selected for 100 ns MD simulation and post-dynamic binding free energy analysis within the active sites of S. aureus TyrRS (PDB ID: 1JIJ) and E. coli DNA GyrB (PDB ID: 6YD9) to investigate the stability of molecular contacts and to establish how the newly synthesized inhibitors fit together in the most stable conformations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajalben B Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Rahul V Patel
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prof. Ravindra Nikam College of Pharmacy, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Premlata Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
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Yount J, Morris M, Henson N, Zeller M, Byrd EFC, Piercey DG. Sequential, Electrochemical-Photochemical Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazolo-[4,3-a]pyrazines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400661. [PMID: 38570880 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-a]pyrazine was prepared via a two-step electrochemical, photochemical process. First, a 5-substituted tetrazole is electrochemically coupled to 2,6-dimethoxypyrazine to yield 1,5- and 2,5- disubstituted tetrazoles. Subsequent photochemical excitation of the 2,5-disubstituted tetrazole species using an ultraviolet lamp releases nitrogen gas and produces a short-lived nitrilimine intermediate. Subsequent cyclization of the nitrilimine intermediate yields a 1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-a]pyrazine backbone. The scope of this reaction was explored using various tetrazoles and pyrazines. Materials produced were identified using chemical analytical techniques and computationally studied for potential application as an insensitive energetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Yount
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 205 Gates Road, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
- Purdue Energetics Research Center, Purdue University 2, 05 Gates Road, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Megan Morris
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Dr, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Noah Henson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Edward F C Byrd
- Detonation Sciences & Modeling Branch, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21005, USA
| | - Davin G Piercey
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 205 Gates Road, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
- Purdue Energetics Research Center, Purdue University 2, 05 Gates Road, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, 585 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
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Bollikanda RK, Nagineni D, Pranathi AN, Chirra N, Misra S, Kantevari S. Dihydrobenzothiazole coupled N-piperazinyl acetamides as antimicrobial agents: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300450. [PMID: 38036302 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Substituted saturated N-heterocycles have gained momentum as effective scaffolds for the development of new drugs. In this study, we coupled partly saturated benzothiazoles with substituted piperazines and evaluated their antimicrobial activity. Following a three-step reaction sequence from commercially available cyclic 1,3-diones, a series of novel 2-[4-substituted-1-piperazinyl]-N-(7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)acetamides (7a-af) were synthesised. 2-Amino-5,6-dihydro-benzo[d]thiazol-7(4H)-ones, obtained through the condensation of cyclohexane-1,3-diones with thiourea, were acetylated with chloroacetic chloride and then reacted with N-substituted piperazines 6a-p to give the desired products 7a-af in excellent yields. All 32 new compounds were fully characterised by their 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C-NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry spectra. The synthetic compounds 7a-af were tested in vitro for their efficacy as antimicrobials against pathogenic strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella typhi, respectively, as well as against fungal strains, including Candida albicans 3018 and C. albicans 4748. Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole served as the reference drugs. While compounds 7c and 7l showed inhibition against fungal strains with zones of inhibition of 11 and 1 mm, respectively, four analogues (7d, 7l, 7n, and 7r) demonstrated strong antibacterial action (zone of inhibition in the range of 10-15 mm). Three compounds (7j, 7l, and 7w) also exhibited moderate antitubercular activity (MIC: 6.25 µg/mL) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Molecular docking investigations and the predicted physicochemical and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties for the potent compounds made this scaffold useful as a pharmacologically active framework for the development of potential antimicrobial hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Bollikanda
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Devendra Nagineni
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Abburi Naga Pranathi
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Nagaraju Chirra
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sunil Misra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Srikanth D, Vinayak Joshi S, Ghouse Shaik M, Pawar G, Bujji S, Kanchupalli V, Chopra S, Nanduri S. A Comprehensive Review on Potential Therapeutic Inhibitors of Nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii Superbugs. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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