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Leonov S, Inyang O, Achkasov K, Bogdan E, Kontareva E, Chen Y, Fu Y, Osipov AN, Pustovalova M, Merkher Y. Proteomic Markers for Mechanobiological Properties of Metastatic Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054773. [PMID: 36902201 PMCID: PMC10003476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The major cause (more than 90%) of all cancer-related deaths is metastasis, thus its prediction can critically affect the survival rate. Metastases are currently predicted by lymph-node status, tumor size, histopathology and genetic testing; however, all these are not infallible, and obtaining results may require weeks. The identification of new potential prognostic factors will be an important source of risk information for the practicing oncologist, potentially leading to enhanced patient care through the proactive optimization of treatment strategies. Recently, the new mechanobiology-related techniques, independent of genetics, based on the mechanical invasiveness of cancer cells (microfluidic, gel indentation assays, migration assays etc.), demonstrated a high success rate for the detection of tumor cell metastasis propensity. However, they are still far away from clinical implementation due to complexity. Hence, the exploration of novel markers related to the mechanobiological properties of tumor cells may have a direct impact on the prognosis of metastasis. Our concise review deepens our knowledge of the factors that regulate cancer cell mechanotype and invasion, and incites further studies to develop therapeutics that target multiple mechanisms of invasion for improved clinical benefit. It may open a new clinical dimension that will improve cancer prognosis and increase the effectiveness of tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Leonov
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olumide Inyang
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Konstantin Achkasov
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Bogdan
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Kontareva
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Andreyan N. Osipov
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical-Biological Agency, 123098 Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Margarita Pustovalova
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical-Biological Agency, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Merkher
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
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El Nachef L, Berthel E, Ferlazzo ML, Le Reun E, Al-Choboq J, Restier-Verlet J, Granzotto A, Sonzogni L, Bourguignon M, Foray N. Cancer and Radiosensitivity Syndromes: Is Impaired Nuclear ATM Kinase Activity the Primum Movens? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246141. [PMID: 36551628 PMCID: PMC9776478 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a number of genetic syndromes associated with both high cancer risk and clinical radiosensitivity. However, the link between these two notions remains unknown. Particularly, some cancer syndromes are caused by mutations in genes involved in DNA damage signaling and repair. How are the DNA sequence errors propagated and amplified to cause cell transformation? Conversely, some cancer syndromes are caused by mutations in genes involved in cell cycle checkpoint control. How is misrepaired DNA damage produced? Lastly, certain genes, considered as tumor suppressors, are not involved in DNA damage signaling and repair or in cell cycle checkpoint control. The mechanistic model based on radiation-induced nucleoshuttling of the ATM kinase (RIANS), a major actor of the response to ionizing radiation, may help in providing a unified explanation of the link between cancer proneness and radiosensitivity. In the frame of this model, a given protein may ensure its own specific function but may also play additional biological role(s) as an ATM phosphorylation substrate in cytoplasm. It appears that the mutated proteins that cause the major cancer and radiosensitivity syndromes are all ATM phosphorylation substrates, and they generally localize in the cytoplasm when mutated. The relevance of the RIANS model is discussed by considering different categories of the cancer syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura El Nachef
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elise Berthel
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie L. Ferlazzo
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Eymeric Le Reun
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Joelle Al-Choboq
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Juliette Restier-Verlet
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Adeline Granzotto
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Laurène Sonzogni
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Michel Bourguignon
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Université Paris Saclay (UVSQ), 78035 Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Foray
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-04-7878-2828
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Huang H, Zhou G, Liu X, Deng L, Wu C, Zhang D, Liu H. Contrastive learning-based computational histopathology predict differential expression of cancer driver genes. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6651307. [PMID: 35901472 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Digital pathological analysis is run as the main examination used for cancer diagnosis. Recently, deep learning-driven feature extraction from pathology images is able to detect genetic variations and tumor environment, but few studies focus on differential gene expression in tumor cells. RESULTS In this paper, we propose a self-supervised contrastive learning framework, HistCode, to infer differential gene expression from whole slide images (WSIs). We leveraged contrastive learning on large-scale unannotated WSIs to derive slide-level histopathological features in latent space, and then transfer it to tumor diagnosis and prediction of differentially expressed cancer driver genes. Our experiments showed that our method outperformed other state-of-the-art models in tumor diagnosis tasks, and also effectively predicted differential gene expression. Interestingly, we found the genes with higher fold change can be more precisely predicted. To intuitively illustrate the ability to extract informative features from pathological images, we spatially visualized the WSIs colored by the attention scores of image tiles. We found that the tumor and necrosis areas were highly consistent with the annotations of experienced pathologists. Moreover, the spatial heatmap generated by lymphocyte-specific gene expression patterns was also consistent with the manually labeled WSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Huang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, 410075, Changsha, China
| | - Gongming Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, 410075, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Deng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, 410075, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Wu
- The third affiliated hospital of Soochow University, 213100, Changzhou, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- The third affiliated hospital of Soochow University, 213100, Changzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
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Spectrum of BRCA1/2 Mutations in Romanian Breast and Ovarian Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074314. [PMID: 35409996 PMCID: PMC8998351 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: About 10,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and about 2000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year in Romania. There is an insufficient number of genetic studies in the Romanian population to identify patients at high risk of inherited breast and ovarian cancer. Methods: We evaluated 250 women of Romanian ethnicity with BC and 240 women of Romanian ethnicity with ovarian cancer for the presence of damaging germline mutations in breast cancer genes 1 and 2 (BRCA1 and BRCA2, respectively) using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. Results: Of the 250 breast cancer patients, 47 carried a disease-predisposing BRCA mutation (30 patients (63.83%) with a BRCA1 mutation and 17 patients (36.17%) with a BRCA2 mutation). Of the 240 ovarian cancer patients, 60 carried a BRCA mutation (43 patients (72%) with a BRCA1 mutation and 17 patients (28%) with a BRCA2 mutation). In the BRCA1 gene, we identified 18 variants (4 in both patient groups (ovarian and breast cancer patients), 1 mutation variant in the BC patient group, and 13 mutation variants in the ovarian cancer patient group). In the BRCA2 gene, we identified 17 variants (1 variant in both ovarian and breast cancer patients, 6 distinct variants in BC patients, and 10 distinct variants in ovarian cancer patients). The prevailing mutation variants identified were c.3607C>T (BRCA1) (18 cases) followed by c.5266dupC (BRCA1) (17 cases) and c.9371A>T (BRCA2) (12 cases). The most prevalent mutation, BRCA1 c.3607C>T, which is less common in the Romanian population, was mainly associated with triple-negative BC and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The results of our analysis may help to establish specific variants of BRCA mutations in the Romanian population and identify individuals at high risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome by genetic testing.
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Kharel S, Shrestha S, Yadav S, Shakya P, Baidya S, Hirachan S. BRCA1/ BRCA2 mutation spectrum analysis in South Asia: a systematic review. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605211070757. [PMID: 35000471 PMCID: PMC8753086 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211070757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer among Asian females. Mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are often observed in BC cases and largely increase the lifetime risk of having BC. Because of the paucity of high-quality data on the molecular spectrum of BRCA mutations in South Asian populations, we aimed to explore these mutations among South Asian countries. Methods A systematic literature search was performed for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation spectrum using electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Twenty studies were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results The 185delAG (c.68_69del) mutation in exon 2 of BRCA1 was the most common recurrent mutation and founder mutation found. Various intronic variants, variants of unknown significance, large genomic rearrangements, and polymorphisms were also described in some studies. Conclusions The South Asian population has a wide variety of genetic mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 that differ according to countries and ethnicities. A stronger knowledge of various population-specific mutations in these cancer susceptibility genes can help provide efficient strategies for genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kharel
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suraj Shrestha
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Prafulla Shakya
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Harisiddhi, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Sujita Baidya
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Panauti, Nepal
| | - Suzita Hirachan
- Department of Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Women’s breast cancer risk factors in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. CURRENT CANCER REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.25082/ccr.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Risk factors for this disease are numerous and their prevalence varies according to racial and ethnic groups and geographical regions. Therefore, we sought to identify BC risk factors in the Congolese population. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Nganda Hospital Center in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. One hundred and sixty patients with breast cancer (cases) were compared to 320 women who did not have BC (controls). STATA version 16 was used to analyze data with statistical significance considered at p < 0.05. Results: There is a strong association between BC in Congolese women and early menarche age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2-4.3), family history of BC (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.5), overweight (aOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-2.7), and obesity (aOR = 7.3; 95% CI: 4.0-13.4). Conclusion: Our results indicate the presence of certain conventional risk factors. Thus, these results will be of great value in establishing adequate evidence-based awareness and preventive measures among the Congolese population.
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Fawzy A, Alqelaiti YA, Almatrafi MM, Almatrafi OM, Alqelaiti EA. Common Sensitive Prognostic Marker in Breast Cancer and their Clinical Significance: A Review Article. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/t8d3bp2l19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Shen L, Zhang S, Wang K, Wang X. Familial Breast Cancer: Disease Related Gene Mutations and Screening Strategies for Chinese Population. Front Oncol 2021; 11:740227. [PMID: 34926254 PMCID: PMC8671637 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.740227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 5%-10% of the breast cancer cases have a hereditary background, and this subset is referred to as familial breast cancer (FBC). In this review, we summarize the susceptibility genes and genetic syndromes associated with FBC and discuss the FBC screening and high-risk patient consulting strategies for the Chinese population. METHODS We searched the PubMed database for articles published between January 2000 and August 2021. Finally, 380 pieces of literature addressing the genes and genetic syndromes related to FBC were included and reviewed. RESULTS We identified 16 FBC-related genes and divided them into three types (high-, medium-, and low-penetrance) of genes according to their relative risk ratios. In addition, six genetic syndromes were found to be associated with FBC. We then summarized the currently available screening strategies for FBC and discussed those available for high-risk Chinese populations. CONCLUSION Multiple gene mutations and genetic disorders are closely related to FBC. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend corresponding screening strategies for these genetic diseases. However, such guidelines for the Chinese population are still lacking. For screening high-risk groups in the Chinese population, genetic testing is recommended after genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Conduit C, Milne RL, Friedlander ML, Phillips KA. Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy and Breast Cancer Risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Assessing the Evidence. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:983-994. [PMID: 34348913 PMCID: PMC9662899 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Without preventive interventions, women with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 have high lifetime risks for breast cancer and tubo-ovarian cancer. The increased risk for breast cancer starts at a considerably younger age than that for tubo-ovarian cancer. Risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (rrBSO) is effective in reducing tubo-ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, but whether it reduces breast cancer risk is less clear. All studies of rrBSO and breast cancer risk are observational in nature and subject to various forms of bias and confounding, thus limiting conclusions that can be drawn about causation. Early studies supported a statistically significant protective association for rrBSO on breast cancer risk, which is reflected by several international guidelines that recommend consideration of premenopausal rrBSO for breast cancer risk reduction. However, these historical studies were hampered by the presence of several important biases, including immortal person-time bias, confounding by indication, informative censoring, and confounding by other risk factors, which may have led to overestimation of any protective benefit. Contemporary studies, specifically designed to reduce some of these biases, have yielded contradictory results. Taken together, there is no clear and consistent evidence for a role of premenopausal rrBSO in reducing breast cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Conduit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael L. Friedlander
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Barker St. Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Corresponding Author: Kelly-Anne Phillips, Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St., Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia. Phone: 613-8559-7902; Fax: 613-8559-7739; E-mail:
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Magotra A, Gupta ID, Ahmad T, Alex R. Polymorphism in DNA repair gene BRCA1 associated with clinical mastitis and production traits in indigenous dairy cattle. Res Vet Sci 2020; 133:194-201. [PMID: 33011602 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted on Karan Fries cows to identify SNPs in breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene and their association with inflammation of mammary gland and production traits. Chi square analysis showed significant association of both SNPs i.e. G43737229T (P < 0.01) and G43761121A (P < 0.05) with incidence of clinical mastitis. Logistic modeling showed that GG genotype cows of G43737229T SNP was less susceptible to mastitis in comparison to TT genotype cows as the odds ratio of TT against GG for the non-incidence of mastitis was less i.e. 0.23. Whereas, cows with genotype AA of G43761121A SNP were less prone to clinical mastitis in comparison to GG genotype cows. G-T haplotype and GGTT combined genotype exhibited maximum mastitis incidences. Least squares analysis revealed significant association of G43737229T SNP with total milk yield (P < 0.01), 305 days milk yield (P < 0.01) and lactation length (P < 0.05). The TT and GT genotyped Karan Fries cows were associated with higher milk yields during first and second lactation, as well as with first lactation length. These observations on SNPs, genotypes and combined genotypes of BRCA1 gene and their differential association with the incidence of mastitis and production traits can be utilized as an aid to selection for simultaneous improvement of both antagonistic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Magotra
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar, India.
| | - I D Gupta
- Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Tavsief Ahmad
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding SKAUST-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rani Alex
- Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, 132001, Haryana, India
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Foglietta J, Ludovini V, Bianconi F, Pistola L, Reda MS, Al-Refaie A, Tofanetti FR, Mosconi A, Minenza E, Anastasi P, Molica C, Stracci F, Roila F. Prevalence and Spectrum of BRCA Germline Variants in Central Italian High Risk or Familial Breast/Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Monocentric Study. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E925. [PMID: 32806537 PMCID: PMC7464094 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancers are mainly linked to variants in BRCA1/2 genes. Recently, data has shown that identification of BRCA variants has an immediate impact not only in cancer prevention but also in targeted therapeutic approaches. This prospective observational study characterized the overall germline BRCA variant and variant of uncertain significance (VUS) frequency and spectrum in individuals affected by breast (BC) or ovarian cancer (OC) and in healthy individuals at risk by sequencing the entire BRCA genes. Of the 363 probands analyzed, 50 (13.8%) were BRCA1/2 mutated, 28 (7.7%) at BRCA1 and 23 (6.3%) at BRCA2 gene. The variant c.5266dupC p.(Gln1756Profs) was the most frequent alteration, representing 21.4% of the BRCA1 variants and 12.0% of all variants identified. The variant c.6313delA p.(Ile2105Tyrfs) of BRCA2 was the most frequent alteration observed in 6 patients. Interestingly, two new variants were identified in BRCA2. In addition, 25 different VUS were identified; two were reported for the first time in BRCA1 and two in BRCA2. The number of triple-negative BCs was significantly higher in patients with the pathogenic BRCA1/2-variant (36.4%) than in BRCA1/2 VUS (16.0%) and BRCA1/2 wild-type patients (10.7%) (p < 0.001). Our study reveals that the overall frequency of BRCA germline variants in the selected high-risk Italian population is about 13.8%. We believe that our results could have significant implications for preventive strategies for unaffected BRCA-carriers and effective targeted treatments such as PARP inhibitors for patients with BC or OC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vienna Ludovini
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | | | - Lorenza Pistola
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Maria Sole Reda
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Antonella Al-Refaie
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Romana Tofanetti
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Annamaria Mosconi
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Elisa Minenza
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Paola Anastasi
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Carmen Molica
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Fabrizio Stracci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Public Health Section, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Fausto Roila
- Medical Oncology Division, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (L.P.); (M.S.R.); (A.A.-R.); (F.R.T.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (P.A.); (C.M.); (F.R.)
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Sadzevičienė I, Liaugaudienė O, Besusparis J, Asadauskienė J, Kulikienė I, Brasiūnienė B, Sabaliauskaitė R, Jarmalaitė S. Recurrent Germline BRCA2 Gene Mutation in Lithuanian Family. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56030119. [PMID: 32164353 PMCID: PMC7143304 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 10% of all breast cancer (BC) cases are familial and caused by inheritance of mutant BRCA1, BRCA2, or some other genes from the same DNA reparation pathway. Genetic counseling in families with cancer history is a powerful means for early cancer detection and active risk reduction through preventive interventions. This is the first report of the rare inherited BRCA2 frameshift-deletion mutation c.3847_3848delGT in one Lithuanian pedigree with the intense familial history of BC. Three BRCA2-positive blood relatives with BC of different biological types were identified in this pedigree with the same type mutation. All three cases were diagnosed with advanced stage ductal carcinoma. Markedly, polymorphic cells and numerous mitoses were identified in BC from the cases. Two patients from the family were diagnosed with the triple negative tumors, while one case had early onset of the hormone positive BC. Despite the variation in clinical and biological presentation of BC, all cases showed a good response to conventional treatment. In conclusion, the strong influence of BRCA2 mutation on the onset of BC of various biological types reveals the complexity of genetic counselling in families with BC history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Sadzevičienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 7, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Olga Liaugaudienė
- Department of Consultative Polyclinic, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Justinas Besusparis
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Čiurlionio, 21 LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, P. Baublio 5, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Asadauskienė
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Ilona Kulikienė
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostic, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Birutė Brasiūnienė
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Rasa Sabaliauskaitė
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostic, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (I.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Sonata Jarmalaitė
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Santariškių 1, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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13
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Effects of BRCA Germline Mutations on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Prognosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8545643. [PMID: 32322271 PMCID: PMC7165358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8545643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations confer an increased lifetime risk for breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Several studies have investigated prognosis among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers, but the prognostic impact on outcomes of breast cancer patients has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the prognosis of TNBC patients with and without BRCA1/2 germline mutation. Among 502 patients diagnosed with TNBC between 2005 and 2008, 124 patients with a strong family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer as well as TNBC patients diagnosed under 45 years were referred to the Genetic Counseling Unit for genetic counselling and genetic tests. In 30 (24%) of them, the BRCA1/2 mutation was detected (the most common 5382insC in 18 (60%) patients). The median follow-up of the entire group was 60 months. BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were statistically significantly younger at TNBC diagnosis compared with nonmutation patients (41 vs 47 years, respectively). Patients with the BRCA1/2 mutation had smaller tumors (stage I: 47% vs 24.5% in noncarriers), but there was no significant difference in the regional nodal status (58.5–63% with cN0). Contralateral breast cancer developed in 26.5% of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and in 14% of noncarriers. Other primary cancers were also slightly more common in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (16.5% vs 9.5%). The performed analysis did not show any significant differences between the groups in recurrence-free survival (p=0.312). There was no significant difference between patients with or without BRCA1/2 mutation as regards overall survival (p=0.649) and the risk of TNBC death (p=0.333). The survival from detection of metastases was similar in two groups (p=0.865). Our study demonstrated that the BRCA1 mutation does not affect TNBC patients' outcomes.
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14
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Martínez MT, Oltra SS, Peña-Chilet M, Alonso E, Hernando C, Burgues O, Chirivella I, Bermejo B, Lluch A, Ribas G. Breast Cancer in Very Young Patients in a Spanish Cohort: Age as an Independent Bad Prognostic Indicator. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 13:1178223419828766. [PMID: 30814839 PMCID: PMC6383086 DOI: 10.1177/1178223419828766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) in very young women (BCVY) is more aggressive than in
older women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relevance of a
range of clinico-pathological factors in the prognosis of BCVY patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 258 patients diagnosed with BCVY at our hospital
from 1998 to 2014; the control group comprised 101 older patients with BC.
We correlated clinicopathological factors, treatments, relapse and exitus
with age and with previously published miRNA expression data. Results: We identified some significant differences in risk factors between BCVY and
older patients. The age at menarche, number of pregnancies, and age at first
pregnancy were lower in the BCVY group and had a greater probability of
recurrence and death in all cases. Lymph node-positive patients in the BCVY
group are associated with a worse prognosis
(P = .02), an immunohistochemical
HER2+ subtype, and disease relapse
(P = .03). Moreover, there was a
shorter time between diagnosis and first relapse in BCVY patients compared
with controls, and they were more likely to die from the disease
(P = .002). Finally, from our panel of
miRNAs deregulated in BC, reduced miR-30c expression was associated with
more aggressive BC in very young patients, lower overall survival, and with
axillary lymph node metastases. Conclusions: Patient age and axillary lymph node status post-surgery are independent and
significant predictors of distant disease-free survival, local
recurrence-free survival, and overall survival. The HER2+ subtype
and lower miR-30c expression are related to poor prognosis in lymph
node-positive young BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Martínez
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara S Oltra
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - María Peña-Chilet
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisa Alonso
- Department of Pathology, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernando
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Octavio Burgues
- Department of Pathology, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Chirivella
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Ribas
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centre of Networked Biomedical Cancer Research (CIBERONC), Valencia, Spain
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15
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Mahdavi M, Nassiri M, Kooshyar MM, Vakili‐Azghandi M, Avan A, Sandry R, Pillai S, Lam AK, Gopalan V. Hereditary breast cancer; Genetic penetrance and current status with BRCA. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5741-5750. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mahdavi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | | | | | | | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Cancer Research Center and Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Medicine, Griffith University Gold Coast QLD
| | - Ryan Sandry
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | | | - Vinod Gopalan
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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16
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Rosenthal EA, Ranola JMO, Shirts BH. Power of pedigree likelihood analysis in extended pedigrees to classify rare variants of uncertain significance in cancer risk genes. Fam Cancer 2018; 16:611-620. [PMID: 28534081 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-9989-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare and private variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are routinely identified in clinical panel, exome, and genome sequencing. We investigated the power of single family co-segregation analysis to aid classification of VUS. We simulated thousands of pedigrees using demographics in China and the United States, segregating benign and pathogenic variants. Genotypes and phenotypes were simulated using penetrance models for Lynch syndrome and breast/ovarian cancer. We calculated LOD scores adjusted for proband ascertainment (LODadj), to determine power to yield quantitative evidence for, or against, pathogenicity of the VUS. Power to classify VUS was higher for Chinese than United States pedigrees. The number of affected individuals explained the most variation in LODadj (21-38%). The distance to the furthest affected relative (FAR) from the proband explained 1-7% of the variation for the benign VUS and Lynch associated cancers. Minimum age of onset (MAO) explained 5-13% of the variation in families with pathogenic breast/ovarian cancer variants. Random removal of 50% of the phenotype/genotype data reduced power and the variation in LODadj was best explained by FAR followed by the number of affected individuals and MAO when the founder was only two generations from the proband. Power to classify benign variants was ~2x power to classify pathogenic variants. Affecteds-only analysis resulted in virtually no power to correctly classify benign variants and reduced power to classify pathogenic variants. These results can be used to guide recruitment efforts to classify rare and private VUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Rosenthal
- Division of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - John Michael O Ranola
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian H Shirts
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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17
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Zhu Y, Wu J, Zhang C, Sun S, Zhang J, Liu W, Huang J, Zhang Z. BRCA mutations and survival in breast cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70113-70127. [PMID: 27659521 PMCID: PMC5342539 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA mutations occur frequently in breast cancer (BC), but their prognostic impact on outcomes of BC has not been determined. We conducted an updated meta-analysis on the association between BRCA mutations and survival in patients with BC. Electronic databases were searched. The primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS), and the secondary outcome measures included breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and event-free survival (EFS). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were abstracted and pooled with random-effect modeling. Data from 297, 402 patients with BC were pooled from 34 studies. The median prevalence rates of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were 14.5% and 8.3%, respectively. BRCA mutations were associated with worse OS (BRCA1: HR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.12, p < 0.001; BRCA2: HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.19, p = 0.034). However, this did not translate into poor BCSS (BRCA1: HR = 1.14, 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.16, p = 0.448; BRCA2: HR = 1.16; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.66, p = 0.401) or EFS (BRCA1: HR = 1.10, 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.41, p = 0.438; BRCA2: HR= 1.09; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.47, p = 0.558). Several studies analyzed BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations together and found no impact on OS (HR = 1.21; 95% CI, 0.73 to 2.00, p = 0.454) or EFS (HR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.48, p = 0.787). BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were associated with poor OS in patients with BC, but had no significant impact on BCSS or EFS. An improved survival was observed in BC patients who had BRCA1 mutation and treated with endocrinotherapy. The results may have therapeutic and prognostic implications important for BRCA mutation carriers with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengwan Zhang
- The Central Laboratory of Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Suan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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18
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Abou-El-Naga A, Shaban A, Ghazy H, Elsaid A, Elshazli R, Settin A. Frequency of BRCA1 (185delAG and 5382insC) and BRCA2 (6174delT) mutations in Egyptian women with breast cancer compared to healthy controls. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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19
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Allen CE, Laetsch TW, Mody R, Irwin MS, Lim MS, Adamson PC, Seibel NL, Parsons DW, Cho YJ, Janeway K. Target and Agent Prioritization for the Children's Oncology Group-National Cancer Institute Pediatric MATCH Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:2972640. [PMID: 28376230 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, outcomes for children with cancer have improved dramatically through serial clinical trials based in large measure on dose intensification of cytotoxic chemotherapy for children with high-risk malignancies. Progress made through such dose intensification, in general, is no longer yielding further improvements in outcome. With the revolution in sequencing technologies and rapid development of drugs that block specific proteins and pathways, there is now an opportunity to improve outcomes for pediatric cancer patients through mutation-based targeted therapeutic strategies. The Children's Oncology Group (COG), in partnership with the National Cancer Institute (NCI), is planning a trial entitled the COG-NCI Pediatric Molecular Analysis for Therapeutic Choice (Pediatric MATCH) protocol utilizing an umbrella design. This protocol will have centralized infrastructure and will consist of a biomarker profiling protocol and multiple single-arm phase II trials of targeted therapies. Pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors, lymphomas, or histiocytoses with measurable disease will be eligible. The Pediatric MATCH Target and Agent Prioritization (TAP) committee includes membership representing COG disease committees, the Food and Drug Administration, and the NCI. The TAP Committee systematically reviewed target and agent pairs for inclusion in the Pediatric MATCH trial. Fifteen drug-target pairs were reviewed by the TAP Committee, with seven recommended for further development as initial arms of the Pediatric MATCH trial. The current evidence for availability, efficacy, and safety of targeted agents in children for each class of mutation considered for inclusion in the Pediatric MATCH trial is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl E Allen
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theodore W Laetsch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Pauline Allen Gill Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rajen Mody
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter C Adamson
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nita L Seibel
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - D Williams Parsons
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y Jae Cho
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Katherine Janeway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer Center and Blood Disorder Center, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Cobain EF, Milliron KJ, Merajver SD. Updates on breast cancer genetics: Clinical implications of detecting syndromes of inherited increased susceptibility to breast cancer. Semin Oncol 2016; 43:528-535. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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21
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Tracking of the origin of recurrent mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in the North-East of Italy and improved mutation analysis strategy. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2016; 17:11. [PMID: 26852130 PMCID: PMC4744627 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background About 20 % of hereditary breast cancers are caused by mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Since BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations may be spread throughout the gene, genetic testing is usually performed by direct sequencing of entire coding regions. In some populations, especially if relatively isolated, a few number of recurrent mutations is reported, sometimes caused by founder effect. Methods BRCA1 and BRCA2 screening for mutations was carried out on 1114 breast and/or ovarian cancer patients complying with the eligibility criteria for BRCA testing. Haplotype analysis was performed on the probands carrying recurrent mutations and their relatives, using two sets of microsatellite markers covering the BRCA1 (D17S588, D17S806, D17S902, D17S1325, D17S855, D17S1328, D17S800, and D17S250) and BRCA2 (D13S220, D13S267, D13S171, D13S1701, D13S1698, D13S260, D13S290, D13S1246) loci. The DMLE + 2.2 software was used to estimate the age of BRCA1 c.676delT and BRCA2 c.7806-2A > G. A multiplex PCR and two different primer extension assays were optimized and used for genotyping the recurrent mutations of the two genes. Results In the time frame of almost 20 years of genetic testing, we have found that five BRCA1 and three BRCA2 mutations are recurrent in a substantial subset of carriers from North-East Italy and neighboring Istria, where they represent more than 50 % of all mutations. Microsatellite analyses identified a common haplotype of different length for each mutation. Age estimation of BRCA1 c.676delT and BRCA2 c.7806-2A > G mutations revealed that they arose in the Friuli Venezia Giulia area about 86 and 94 generations ago, respectively. Suggestion of an association between BRCA2 c.7806-2A > G and risk of breast cancer in males has emerged. Finally, we developed a simple and efficient pre-screeening test, performing an in-house primer extension SNaPshot® assay for the rapid identification of the eight recurrent mutations. Conclusions Proofs of common ancestry has been obtained for the eight recurrent mutations. The observed genotype-phenotype correlation and the proposed rapid mutation detection strategy could improve the clinical management of breast and ovarian patients in North-East of Italy and neighboring geographic areas.
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22
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Aloraifi F, McCartan D, McDevitt T, Green AJ, Bracken A, Geraghty J. Protein-truncating variants in moderate-risk breast cancer susceptibility genes: a meta-analysis of high-risk case-control screening studies. Cancer Genet 2015; 208:455-63. [PMID: 26250988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several "moderate-risk breast cancer susceptibility genes" have been conclusively identified. Pathogenic mutations in these genes are thought to cause a two to fivefold increased risk of breast cancer. In light of the current development and use of multigene panel testing, the authors wanted to systematically obtain robust estimates of the cancer risk associated with loss-of-function mutations within these genes. An electronic search was conducted to identify studies that sequenced the full coding regions of ATM, CHEK2, BRIP1, PALB2, NBS1, and RAD50 in a general and gene-targeted approach. Inclusion was restricted to studies that sequenced the germline DNA in both high-risk cases and geographically matched controls. A meta-analysis was then performed on protein-truncating variants (PTVs) identified in the studies for an association with breast cancer risk. A total of 10,209 publications were identified, of which 64 studies comprising a total of 25,418 cases and 52,322 controls in the 6 interrogated genes were eligible under our selection criteria. The pooled odds ratios for PTVs in the susceptibility genes were at least >2.6. Additionally, mutations in these genes have shown geographic and ethnic variation. This comprehensive study emphasizes the fact that caution should be taken when identifying certain genes as moderate susceptibility with the lack of sufficient data, especially with regard to the NBS1, RAD50, and BRIP1 genes. Further data from case-control sequencing studies, and especially family studies, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Aloraifi
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Damian McCartan
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Trudi McDevitt
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew J Green
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adrian Bracken
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - James Geraghty
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland
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23
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Dodova RI, Mitkova AV, Dacheva DR, Hadjo LB, Vlahova AI, -Hadjieva MST, Valev SS, Caulevska MM, Popova SD, Popov IE, Dikov TI, Sedloev TA, Ionkov AS, Timcheva KV, Christova SL, Kremensky IM, Mitev VI, Kaneva RP. Spectrum and frequencies of BRCA1/2 mutations in Bulgarian high risk breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:523. [PMID: 26183948 PMCID: PMC4504066 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 3885 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and 1285 die from the disease each year in Bulgaria. However no genetic testing to identify the mutations in high-risk families has been provided so far. METHODS We evaluated 200 Bulgarian women with primary invasive breast cancer and with personal/ family history of breast cancer for the presence of unequivocally damaging germline mutations in BRCA1/2 using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Of the 200 patients, 39 (19.5 %) carried a disease predisposing mutation, including 28 (14 %) with a BRCA1 mutation and 11 (5.5 %) with a BRCA2 mutation. At BRCA1, 6 different mutations were identified, including 2 frameshifts, 1 nonsense and 1 missense that had been previously reported (c.5030_5033delCTAA, c.5263_5264insC, c.4603G > T, c.181 T > G), and 2 frameshifts, which were novel to this study (c.464delA, c.5397_5403delCCCTTGG). At BRCA2, 7 different frameshift mutations were identified, including 5 previously reported (5851_5854delAGTT, c.5946delT, c.5718_5719delCT, c.7910_7914delCCTTT,c.9098_9099insA) and 2 novel (c.8532_8533delAA, c.9682delA). A BRCA1 mutation was found in 18.4 % of women diagnosed with breast cancer at/or under the age of 40 compared to 11.2 % of women diagnosed at a later age; a BRCA2 mutation was found in 4 % of women diagnosed at/or under the age of 40 compared to 6.5 % of women diagnosed at a later age. A mutation was present in 26.8 % patients with a positive family history and in 14.4 % of women with a negative family history. The most prevalent mutation observed in 22 patients (11 %) was BRCA1 c.5263_5264insC, a known Slavic mutation with founder effect in Eastern European and AJ communities. Other recurrent mutations were BRCA2 c.9098-9099insA (2 %), BRCA1 c.181T > G (1 %) and BRCA2 c.5851_5854delAGTT (1 %). Notably, BRCA1 c.5263_5264insC represented 56 % of all mutations identified in this series. Of the 22 patients with BRCA1 c.5263_5264insC, 9 were diagnosed with early onset breast cancer, 11 with TNBCs, 4 with bilateral breast cancer, and 6 with both breast and ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comprehensive study of the BRCA1/2 mutation spectrum in Bulgaria and will assist the establishment of efficient protocols for genetic testing and individualized risk assessment for Bulgarian breast/ovarian cancer patients and healthy individuals at a high-risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumyana Ivanova Dodova
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Atanaska Velichkova Mitkova
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. .,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Daniela Rosenova Dacheva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lina Basam Hadjo
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandrina Ivanova Vlahova
- General and Clinical Pathology Clinic, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Spartak Stoyanov Valev
- Clinic of Medical Oncology (Chemotherapy), Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment in Oncology, 6 "Plovdivsko pole" str., 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Marija Mitko Caulevska
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Ivan Emilov Popov
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tihomir Iliichev Dikov
- General and Clinical Pathology Clinic, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Theophil Angelov Sedloev
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital "Tsaritsa Yoana - ISUL", 8 "Byalo more" str., 1527, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Medical Faculty, 8 "Byalo more" str., 1527, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Atanas Stefanov Ionkov
- Department of General and Liver-Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Konstanta Velinova Timcheva
- Clinic of Medical Oncology (Chemotherapy), Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment in Oncology, 6 "Plovdivsko pole" str., 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana Liubomirova Christova
- General and Clinical Pathology Clinic, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Sofia, 1 Georgi Sofiiski str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivo Marinov Kremensky
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanio Ivanov Mitev
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radka Petrova Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Tihomirova L, Vaivade I, Fokina O, Peculis R, Mandrika I, Sinicka O, Stengrevics A, Krilova A, Keire G, Petrevics J, Eglitis J, Timofejevs M, Leja M. BRCA1 gene-related hereditary susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer in Latvia. Adv Med Sci 2014; 59:114-9. [PMID: 24797986 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this report, we summarise data on BRCA1 gene analysis in Latvia to characterise criteria of genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility. MATERIAL/METHODS Analysis by SSCP/HD, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry or DNA sequencing was used for mutation detection. Mutations identified were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS Out of 1068 breast and 231 ovarian cancer patients from different families: 58 carried the c.5266dupC and 43 carried the c.4035delA mutations. Every 4th patient in our study did not report cancer in the family. The breast cancer was diagnosed earlier in carriers of the c.5266dupC than in carriers of the c.4035delA (p=0.003). The incidence of breast or ovarian cancer does not differ among the 2 mutation carriers in our patient group. The nature of the c.5266dupC mutation might be more deleterious. CONCLUSIONS We recommend the screening of 4 founder BRCA1 mutations in all breast and ovarian cancer patients in Latvia at diagnosis of disease regardless of family history or age. The BRCA1 screening can be carried out efficiently using the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry mutation detection method developed in the Biomedical Research and Study Centre (Riga, Latvia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laima Tihomirova
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Iveta Vaivade
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Oksana Fokina
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Raitis Peculis
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilona Mandrika
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Olga Sinicka
- Genome Centre, Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Anna Krilova
- Oncology Clinic of the Hospital "Piejuras slimnica", Liepaja, Latvia
| | - Guntars Keire
- Oncology Clinic of the Hospital "Piejuras slimnica", Liepaja, Latvia
| | - Janis Petrevics
- Oncology Clinic of the Hospital "Piejuras slimnica", Liepaja, Latvia
| | | | | | - Marcis Leja
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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25
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Meyer S, Tischkowitz M, Chandler K, Gillespie A, Birch JM, Evans DG. Fanconi anaemia, BRCA2 mutations and childhood cancer: a developmental perspective from clinical and epidemiological observations with implications for genetic counselling. J Med Genet 2013; 51:71-5. [PMID: 24259538 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an inherited condition characterised by congenital and developmental abnormalities and a strong cancer predisposition. In around 3-5% of cases FA is caused by biallelic mutations in the BRCA2 gene. Individuals heterozygous for BRCA2 mutations have an increased risk of inherited breast and ovarian cancer. We reviewed the mutation spectrum in BRCA2-associated FA, and the spectrum and frequency of BRCA2 mutations in distinct populations. The rarity of FA due to biallelic BRCA2 mutations supports a fundamental role of BRCA2 for prevention of malignant transformation during development. The spectrum of malignancies seen associated with FA support the concept of a tissue selectivity of BRCA2 mutations for development of FA-associated cancers. This specificity is illustrated by the distinct FA-associated BRCA2 mutations that appear to predispose to specific brain or haematological malignancies. For some populations, the number of FA-patients with biallelic BRCA2 disruption is smaller than that expected from the carrier frequency, and this implies that some pregnancies with biallelic BRCA2 mutations do not go to term. The apparent discrepancy between expected and observed incidence of BRCA2 mutation-associated FA in high-frequency carrier populations has important implications for the genetic counselling of couples with recurrent miscarriages from high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meyer
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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26
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Gao L, Yang Y, Song S, Hong H, Zhao X, Li D. The association between genetic variant of MDR1 gene and breast cancer risk factors in Chinese women. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:88-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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Hu Y, Wang J, Tao H, Wang H, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Li R. Association analysis between MDR1 genetic variant and breast cancer risk factors in Chinese Han population. Med Oncol 2013; 30:683. [PMID: 23925666 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) is an important candidate gene for influencing breast cancer susceptibility. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MDR1 genetic variants and breast cancer susceptibility. A total of 340 breast cancer patients and 348 cancer-free controls were enrolled in this study. The patients' general characteristics and related risk factors of breast cancer were collected by questionnaires. The c.4125A>C genetic variant was genotyped through created restriction site polymerase chain reaction method. Our data suggest that there are no significant differences in the allelic and genotypic frequencies between breast cancer patients and cancer-free controls. Moreover, the distribution of breast cancer patients' risk factors is not different among AA, AC, and CC genotypes. These preliminary results suggest that the c.4125A>C genetic variant is not significantly associated with breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Kooshyar MM, Nassiri M, Mahdavi M, Doosti M, Parizadeh A. Identification of Germline BRCA1 Mutations among Breast Cancer Families in Northeastern Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:4339-45. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.7.4339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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Sergentanis TN, Diamantaras AA, Perlepe C, Kanavidis P, Skalkidou A, Petridou ET. IVF and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 20:106-23. [PMID: 23884897 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmt034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for IVF in terms of breast cancer risk remain controversial, despite the hormone-dependent nature of the latter. METHODS Eligible studies up to 15 February 2013 were identified and pooled effect estimates for relative risk (RR) were calculated separately for the investigations using the general population and those using infertile women, as a reference group. Fixed- or random-effects models were implemented and subgroup analyses were performed, as appropriate. RESULTS Eight cohort studies were synthesized, yielding a total cohort size of 1,554,332 women among whom 14,961 incident breast cancer cases occurred, encompassing 576 incident breast cancer cases among women exposed to IVF. No significant association between IVF and breast cancer was observed either in the group of studies treating the general population (RR = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-1.11) or infertile women (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.88-1.18), as a reference group. Of note were the marginal associations, protective for pregnant and/or parous women after IVF (pooled effect estimate = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.73-1.01) and adverse for women <30 years at first IVF treatment (pooled effect estimate = 1.64, 95% CI: 0.96-2.80). CONCLUSIONS At present, COH for IVF does not seem to impart increased breast cancer risk. Longer follow-up periods, comparisons versus infertile women, subgroup analyses aiming to trace vulnerable subgroups, adjustment for various confounders and larger informative data sets are needed before conclusive statements for the safety of the procedure are reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros N Sergentanis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Str. Goudi, Athens 115 27, Greece
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30
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Fang Y, Zhao Q, Ma G, Han Y, Lou N. Investigation on MDR1 gene polymorphisms and its relationship with breast cancer risk factors in Chinese women. Med Oncol 2013; 30:375. [PMID: 23307242 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The human multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) is an important candidate gene influencing the susceptibility to various diseases, including breast cancer. The object of this study was to investigate on MDR1 gene polymorphisms and its relationship with the susceptibility to breast cancer. A total of 271 patients with breast cancer and 225 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Data about the risk factors for breast cancer were collected using questionnaires. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing methods were used to investigate the c.3073A > C polymorphisms. We observed no significant differences in the allelic and genotypic frequencies of c.3073A > C polymorphisms between patients and control subjects. Furthermore, there were no significant differences about the distribution of the breast cancer patients' risk factors among AA, AC and CC genotype. Results from this study suggested that c.3073A > C polymorphism was not associated with the susceptibility to breast cancer in the studied population. Future studies evaluating the association between c.3073A > C variant and breast cancer risks are essential to reach to more reliable results on larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Baxter AG, Jordan MA. From markers to molecular mechanisms: type 1 diabetes in the post-GWAS era. Rev Diabet Stud 2012; 9:201-23. [PMID: 23804261 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2012.9.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By the year 2000, a draft of the human genome sequence was completed. Millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had been deposited into public databases, and high throughput technologies were under development for SNP genotyping. At that time, it was predicted that large case control association studies would provide far better resolution and power than genome-wide linkage studies. Type 1 diabetes was one of the first phenotypes to be examined by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and to date over 50 genomic regions have been associated with the disease. In general, the great majority of these loci individually contribute a relatively small degree of risk, and most loci lie outside of coding sequences. The identification of molecular mechanisms from these genomic data therefore remains a significant challenge. Here, we summarize genetic candidate, linkage, and association studies of type 1 diabetes and discuss a potential strategy to identify mechanisms of disease from genomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan G Baxter
- Comparative Genomics Centre, Molecular Sciences Building 21, James Cook University, Townsville QLD 4811, Australia.
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32
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33
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Liang WS, Craig DW, Carpten J, Borad MJ, Demeure MJ, Weiss GJ, Izatt T, Sinari S, Christoforides A, Aldrich J, Kurdoglu A, Barrett M, Phillips L, Benson H, Tembe W, Braggio E, Kiefer JA, Legendre C, Posner R, Hostetter GH, Baker A, Egan JB, Han H, Lake D, Stites EC, Ramanathan RK, Fonseca R, Stewart AK, Von Hoff D. Genome-wide characterization of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients using next generation sequencing. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43192. [PMID: 23071490 PMCID: PMC3468610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is among the most lethal malignancies. While research has implicated multiple genes in disease pathogenesis, identification of therapeutic leads has been difficult and the majority of currently available therapies provide only marginal benefit. To address this issue, our goal was to genomically characterize individual PAC patients to understand the range of aberrations that are occurring in each tumor. Because our understanding of PAC tumorigenesis is limited, evaluation of separate cases may reveal aberrations, that are less common but may provide relevant information on the disease, or that may represent viable therapeutic targets for the patient. We used next generation sequencing to assess global somatic events across 3 PAC patients to characterize each patient and to identify potential targets. This study is the first to report whole genome sequencing (WGS) findings in paired tumor/normal samples collected from 3 separate PAC patients. We generated on average 132 billion mappable bases across all patients using WGS, and identified 142 somatic coding events including point mutations, insertion/deletions, and chromosomal copy number variants. We did not identify any significant somatic translocation events. We also performed RNA sequencing on 2 of these patients' tumors for which tumor RNA was available to evaluate expression changes that may be associated with somatic events, and generated over 100 million mapped reads for each patient. We further performed pathway analysis of all sequencing data to identify processes that may be the most heavily impacted from somatic and expression alterations. As expected, the KRAS signaling pathway was the most heavily impacted pathway (P<0.05), along with tumor-stroma interactions and tumor suppressive pathways. While sequencing of more patients is needed, the high resolution genomic and transcriptomic information we have acquired here provides valuable information on the molecular composition of PAC and helps to establish a foundation for improved therapeutic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie S. Liang
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David W. Craig
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - John Carpten
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | - Michael J. Demeure
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials, Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Glen J. Weiss
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials, Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tyler Izatt
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Shripad Sinari
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Alexis Christoforides
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jessica Aldrich
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ahmet Kurdoglu
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Michael Barrett
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Lori Phillips
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Hollie Benson
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Waibhav Tembe
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | - Jeffrey A. Kiefer
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Christophe Legendre
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Richard Posner
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Galen H. Hostetter
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Angela Baker
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jan B. Egan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Haiyong Han
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Douglas Lake
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Edward C. Stites
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ramesh K. Ramanathan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials, Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Rafael Fonseca
- Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | - Daniel Von Hoff
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
- Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials, Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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34
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Liang WS, Craig DW, Carpten J, Borad MJ, Demeure MJ, Weiss GJ, Izatt T, Sinari S, Christoforides A, Aldrich J, Kurdoglu A, Barrett M, Phillips L, Benson H, Tembe W, Braggio E, Kiefer JA, Legendre C, Posner R, Hostetter GH, Baker A, Egan JB, Han H, Lake D, Stites EC, Ramanathan RK, Fonseca R, Stewart AK, Von Hoff D. Genome-wide characterization of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients using next generation sequencing. PLoS One 2012. [PMID: 23071490 DOI: 10.137/journal.pone.0043192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is among the most lethal malignancies. While research has implicated multiple genes in disease pathogenesis, identification of therapeutic leads has been difficult and the majority of currently available therapies provide only marginal benefit. To address this issue, our goal was to genomically characterize individual PAC patients to understand the range of aberrations that are occurring in each tumor. Because our understanding of PAC tumorigenesis is limited, evaluation of separate cases may reveal aberrations, that are less common but may provide relevant information on the disease, or that may represent viable therapeutic targets for the patient. We used next generation sequencing to assess global somatic events across 3 PAC patients to characterize each patient and to identify potential targets. This study is the first to report whole genome sequencing (WGS) findings in paired tumor/normal samples collected from 3 separate PAC patients. We generated on average 132 billion mappable bases across all patients using WGS, and identified 142 somatic coding events including point mutations, insertion/deletions, and chromosomal copy number variants. We did not identify any significant somatic translocation events. We also performed RNA sequencing on 2 of these patients' tumors for which tumor RNA was available to evaluate expression changes that may be associated with somatic events, and generated over 100 million mapped reads for each patient. We further performed pathway analysis of all sequencing data to identify processes that may be the most heavily impacted from somatic and expression alterations. As expected, the KRAS signaling pathway was the most heavily impacted pathway (P<0.05), along with tumor-stroma interactions and tumor suppressive pathways. While sequencing of more patients is needed, the high resolution genomic and transcriptomic information we have acquired here provides valuable information on the molecular composition of PAC and helps to establish a foundation for improved therapeutic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie S Liang
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
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35
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Foray N, Colin C, Bourguignon M. 100 Years of Individual Radiosensitivity: How We Have Forgotten the Evidence. Radiology 2012; 264:627-31. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Investigation on BRCA1 SNPs and its effects on mastitis in Chinese commercial cattle. Gene 2012; 505:190-4. [PMID: 22583824 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Forma E, Krzeslak A, Bernaciak M, Romanowicz-Makowska H, Brys M. Expression of TopBP1 in hereditary breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7795-804. [PMID: 22544570 PMCID: PMC3358587 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
TopBP1 protein displays structural as well as functional similarities to BRCA1 and is involved in DNA replication, DNA damage checkpoint response and transcriptional regulation. Aberrant expression of TopBP1 may lead to genomic instability and can have pathological consequences. In this study we aimed to investigate expression of TopBP1 gene at mRNA and protein level in hereditary breast cancer. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed in 127 breast cancer samples. Expression of TopBP1 mRNA in lobular carcinoma was significantly lower compared with ductal carcinoma (p < 0.05). The level of TopBP1 mRNA appeared to be lower in poorly differentiated (III grade) hereditary breast cancer in comparison with moderately (II grade) and well-differentiated cancer (I grade) (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). We analyzed TopBP1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques. Expression of TopBP1 protein was found to be significantly increased in poorly differentiated breast cancer (III grade) (p < 0.05). The percentage of samples with cytoplasmic apart from nuclear staining increased with increasing histological grade. There was no significant association between level and intracellular localization of TopBP1 protein in hereditary breast cancer and other clinicopathological parameters such as estrogen and progesterone receptors status, appearance of metastasis in the axillary lymph nodes and type of cancer. Our data suggest that decreased level of TopBP1 mRNA and increased level of TopBP1 protein might be associated with progression of hereditary breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Forma
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Laitman Y, Simeonov M, Herskovitz L, Kushnir A, Shimon-Paluch S, Kaufman B, Zidan J, Friedman E. Recurrent germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in high risk families in Israel. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 133:1153-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yuan Z, Chu G, Dan Y, Li J, Zhang L, Gao X, Gao H, Li J, Xu S, Liu Z. BRCA1: a new candidate gene for bovine mastitis and its association analysis between single nucleotide polymorphisms and milk somatic cell score. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:6625-31. [PMID: 22327776 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is a very complex and common disease of dairy cattle and a major source of economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. In this study, the bovine breast cancer 1, early onset gene (BRCA1) was taken as a candidate gene for mastitis resistance. The main object of this study was to investigate whether the BRCA1 gene was associated with mastitis in cattle. Through DNA sequencing, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Created Restriction Site PCR (CRS-PCR) methods, three SNPs (G22231T, T25025A, and C28300A) were detected and twenty-four combinations of these SNPs were observed. The single SNP and their genetic effects on somatic cell score (SCS) were evaluated and a significant association with SCS was found in C28300A. The mean of genotype EE was significantly lower than those of genotypes EF and FF. The results of combined genotypes analysis of three SNPs showed that BBDDFF genotype with the highest SCS were easily for the mastitis susceptibility, whereas AACCEE genotype with the lowest SCS were favorable for the mastitis resistance. The information provided in the present study will be very useful for improving mastitis resistance in dairy cattle by marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Yuan
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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