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Ma Y, An K, Zhang K, Deng H, Deng R, Su Q. Exploring disease interrelationships in older inpatients: a single-centre, retrospective study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1110014. [PMID: 37333559 PMCID: PMC10272409 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1110014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbidity is a common phenomenon in the older population; it causes a heavy burden on societies and individuals. However, the relevant evidence, especially in the southwestern region of China, is insufficient. Objectives We aimed to examine current comorbidity characteristics as well as correlations among diseases in individuals aged >60 years. Design Retrospective study. Methods We included records of 2,995 inpatients treated at the Gerontological Department of Sichuan Geriatric Hospital from January 2018 to February 2022. The patients were divided into groups according to sex and age. Diseases were categorised based on the International Classification of Diseases and their Chinese names. We calculated the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI), categorised diseases using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study questionnaire, and visualised comorbidity using web graphs and the Apriori algorithm. Results The ACCI was generally high, and it increased with age. There were significant differences in the frequency of all diseases across age groups, especially in individuals aged ≥90 years. The most common comorbid diseases were liver diseases, stomach or other digestive diseases, and hypertension. Strong correlations between the most common digestive diseases and hypertension were observed. Conclusion Our findings provide insights into the current situation regarding comorbidity and the correlations among diseases in the older population. We expect our findings to inform future research directions as well as policies regarding general clinical practice and public health, especially for medical consortiums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Ma
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang An
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keni Zhang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Deng
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaoli Su
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Bin-Jumah MN, Nadeem MS, Gilani SJ, Al-Abbasi FA, Ullah I, Alzarea SI, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Uddin A, Murtaza BN, Kazmi I. Genes and Longevity of Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031499. [PMID: 35163422 PMCID: PMC8836117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process indicated by low energy levels, declined physiological activity, stress induced loss of homeostasis leading to the risk of diseases and mortality. Recent developments in medical sciences and an increased availability of nutritional requirements has significantly increased the average human lifespan worldwide. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to the aging process. However, about 40% human life expectancy is inherited among generations, many lifespan associated genes, genetic mechanisms and pathways have been demonstrated during last decades. In the present review, we have evaluated many human genes and their non-human orthologs established for their role in the regulation of lifespan. The study has included more than fifty genes reported in the literature for their contributions to the longevity of life. Intact genomic DNA is essential for the life activities at the level of cell, tissue, and organ. Nucleic acids are vulnerable to oxidative stress, chemotherapies, and exposure to radiations. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity, damaged DNA is not replicated and transferred to next generations rather the presence of deleterious DNA initiates signaling cascades leading to the cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. DNA modifications, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation and DNA damage can eventually lead towards apoptosis. The importance of calorie restriction therapy in the extension of lifespan has also been discussed. The role of pathways involved in the regulation of lifespan such as DAF-16/FOXO (forkhead box protein O1), TOR and JNK pathways has also been particularized. The study provides an updated account of genetic factors associated with the extended lifespan and their interactive contributory role with cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Inam Ullah
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aziz Uddin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan;
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.N.); (I.K.)
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Li Q, Hu C, Lin J, Yang Z, Zhou Q, Yang R, Yuan H, Zhu X, Lv Y, Liang Q, Lv Z, Sun L, Zhang Y. Urinary ionomic analysis reveals new relationship between minerals and longevity in a Han Chinese population. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 53:69-75. [PMID: 30910209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human longevity involves genetic, nutritional, environmental and many other factors playing a key role in healthy aging. Previous studies have shown that mineral metabolism and homeostasis are associated with lifespan extension. However, the majority of them have focused on a limited number of elements and ignored the complex relationship between them. In this study, we carried out a network-based approach to investigate the urinary ionome of nonagenarians and centenarians (longevity group) when compared with their biologically unrelated and younger family members (control group) from a Han Chinese population. Several differentially changed elements were identified, almost all of which showed an elevated level in the longevity group. Correlation analysis of the ionome revealed significant element-element interactions in each group. We then divided each group into distinct subgroups according to age ranges, and built the elemental correlation network for each of them. Significant elemental correlations and correlation changes involving all examined elements were identified within or between different subgroups, implying a highly dynamic and complex crosstalk among the elements during human life. Finally, more similar elemental patterns were observed between extremely old and middle-aged people. Overall, our data reveal new relationship between urinary minerals and human longevity, which may extend our understanding of the mechanism of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiu Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China; The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ze Yang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Ruiyue Yang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Huiping Yuan
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zeping Lv
- Department of Neurology, Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Liang Sun
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, PR China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China.
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Shadyab AH, LaCroix AZ. Genetic factors associated with longevity: a review of recent findings. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 19:1-7. [PMID: 25446805 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Given the rising rate of survival into advanced old age in the United States, achieving longevity and healthy aging is becoming increasingly important. Besides maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviors, positive aging outcomes may also be heritable, with estimates ranging from 20% to 35%. In this qualitative review, we summarize recent findings on genetic factors linked to longevity across different populations and study designs. Recent studies not only confirm the association of APOE with longevity in different populations, but also implicate several other pathways that may influence longevity including nitric oxide production, inflammation, immunity, and DNA damage response and repair. Recent evidence also suggests that mitochondrial DNA may play an important role in attaining longevity. Despite these implicated pathways, longevity may be a polygenic trait influenced by a complex interplay of multiple genes. Future genetic studies on aging would benefit from larger samples of long-lived individuals, birth-cohort matched controls, inclusion of different aging phenotypes (e.g., aging free of morbidities), and analysis of gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladdin H Shadyab
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint-Doctoral Program in Public Health (Epidemiology), USA; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, Hardy Tower Room 119, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4162, USA.
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in biology is to improve the understanding of the mechanisms which underpin aging and how these affect health. The need to better understand aging is amplified by demographic changes, which have caused a gradual increase in the global population of older people. Aging western populations have resulted in a rise in the prevalence of age-related pathologies. Of these diseases, cardiovascular disease is the most common underlying condition in older people. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism due to aging impinges significantly on cardiovascular health. However, the multifaceted nature of lipid metabolism and the complexities of its interaction with aging make it challenging to understand by conventional means. To address this challenge computational modeling, a key component of the systems biology paradigm is being used to study the dynamics of lipid metabolism. This mini-review briefly outlines the key regulators of lipid metabolism, their dysregulation, and how computational modeling is being used to gain an increased insight into this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Mc Auley
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Thornton Science Park, University of Chester, UK
| | - Kathleen M. Mooney
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK
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