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Production of human embryonic kidney 293T cells stably expressing C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) as a screening tool for anticancer lead compound targeting CXCR4. Life Sci 2022; 303:120661. [PMID: 35643380 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The C-X-C chemokine-receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an emerging target for cancer drug discovery due to its high expression in cancer cells. The present study aimed to produce CXCR4 overexpressing HEK293T cells for a non-radioactive binding assay as a platform to identify drug candidates targeting CXCR4. MAIN METHODS HEK293T cells stably expressing human CXCR4 were constructed by transfection of CXCR4 plasmids from the human CXCR4 gene. The CXCR4 overexpressing HEK293T cells were obtained by fluorescence-activated sorting and verified by conducting the competition binding assay of a known CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100 (plerixafor), to determine the IC50 value against monoclonal anti-human CD184 (hCD184) antibody tagged with fluorescence probe, phycoerythrin (PE). The non-radioactive binding assay using CXCR4 overexpressing HEK293T cells and PE-anti hCD184 was applied as a platform for identifying the target of natural compounds that exhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. KEY FINDINGS The CXCR4 overexpressing HEK293T cells were produced with high expression (99.8%). The IC50 value of plerixafor determined by fluorescence tagged antibody-based competition assay using our developed cells agree with previously reported values using a radioligand binding assay. We observed no significant displacement of bound PE-anti-hCD184 by the test natural compounds which could be due to non-specific binding to other functional targets or organelles, low potency of the natural compounds, or binding to CXCR4 at deeper pockets. SIGNIFICANCE The verified non-radioactive binding assay can serve as an alternative screening tool for anticancer lead compounds targeting CXCR4 and an essential tool for proof of mechanism study in the drug discovery.
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Ortega Moreno L, Fernández-Tomé S, Chaparro M, Marin AC, Mora-Gutiérrez I, Santander C, Baldan-Martin M, Gisbert JP, Bernardo D. Profiling of Human Circulating Dendritic Cells and Monocyte Subsets Discriminates Between Type and Mucosal Status in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:268-274. [PMID: 32548643 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages drive disease progression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to characterize the activation and homing profile of human circulating DC and monocyte subsets in healthy control patients (CP) and IBD patients. METHODS Eighteen CP and 64 patients with IBD were categorized by diagnoses of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), either endoscopically active (inflamed) or quiescent. Circulating type 1 conventional DC, type 2 conventional DC, plasmacytoid DC, classical monocytes, nonclassical monocytes, and intermediate monocytes were identified by flow cytometry in each individual and characterized for the expression of 18 markers. Association between DC/monocytes and IBD risk was tested by logistic regression. Discriminant canonical analyses were performed to classify the patients in their own endoscopy category considering all markers on each subset. RESULTS CCRL1, CCR3, and CCR5 expression on circulating type 1 DC; CCRL1 expression on nonclassical monocytes; and CCR9 and β7 expression on classical monocytes allowed us to discriminate among the different study groups. Indeed, the same markers (excluding β7) were also associated with IBD when all DC and monocyte subsets were considered at the same time. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring the phenotype of human circulating DC and monocyte subsets may provide novel tools as biomarkers for disease diagnosis (CD/UC) or mucosal status (inflamed/noninflamed) in the absence of an invasive colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ortega Moreno
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel Fernández-Tomé
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia C Marin
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Mora-Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilio Santander
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Baldan-Martin
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Mucosal Immunology Lab, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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Groblewska M, Litman-Zawadzka A, Mroczko B. The Role of Selected Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Development of Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103704. [PMID: 32456359 PMCID: PMC7279280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among heterogeneous primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), gliomas are the most frequent type, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) characterized with the worst prognosis. In their development, certain chemokine/receptor axes play important roles and promote proliferation, survival, metastasis, and neoangiogenesis. However, little is known about the significance of atypical receptors for chemokines (ACKRs) in these tumors. The objective of the study was to present the role of chemokines and their conventional and atypical receptors in CNS tumors. Therefore, we performed a thorough search for literature concerning our investigation via the PubMed database. We describe biological functions of chemokines/chemokine receptors from various groups and their significance in carcinogenesis, cancer-related inflammation, neo-angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of chemokines in glioma development, with particular regard to their function in the transition from low-grade to high-grade tumors and angiogenic switch. We also depict various chemokine/receptor axes, such as CXCL8-CXCR1/2, CXCL12-CXCR4, CXCL16-CXCR6, CX3CL1-CX3CR1, CCL2-CCR2, and CCL5-CCR5 of special importance in gliomas, as well as atypical chemokine receptors ACKR1-4, CCRL2, and PITPMN3. Additionally, the diagnostic significance and usefulness of the measurement of some chemokines and their receptors in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of glioma patients is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Groblewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Ala Litman-Zawadzka
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-831-8785
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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Orchestrating Tumor Metastasization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010096. [PMID: 30591657 PMCID: PMC6337330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis still represents the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemokine signalling contributes to the overall process of cancer growth and metastasis, and their expression in both primary tumors and metastatic lesions correlate with prognosis. Chemokines promote tumor metastasization by directly supporting cancer cell survival and invasion, angiogenesis, and by indirectly shaping the pre-metastatic niches and antitumor immunity. Here, we will focus on the relevant chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that have been described to drive the metastatic process. We elaborate on their role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and immune cell recruitment at both the primary tumor lesions and the pre-metastatic foci. Furthermore, we also discuss the advantages and limits of current pharmacological strategies developed to target chemokine networks for cancer therapy.
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Reyes N, Benedetti I, Rebollo J, Correa O, Geliebter J. Atypical chemokine receptor CCRL2 is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells. J Biomed Res 2017; 33:17. [PMID: 29497024 PMCID: PMC6352880 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.32.20170057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors have recently emerged as important molecular players in health and diseases; they affect chemokine availability and function and impact a multitude of pathophysiological events, including the tumorigenesis process. This family of atypical receptors comprises five members: ACKR1/DARC, ACKR2/D6, ACKR3/CXCR7, ACKR4/CCRL1, and ACKR5/CCRL2. This work evaluated the differential expression of these receptors in prostate cancer using quantitative PCR. Further evaluation of CCRL2 at the protein level confirmed its overexpression in a metastatic cell line and in malignant prostatic tissues from patients. CCRL2, a presumed member of the atypical chemokine receptor family, plays a key role in lung dendritic cell trafficking to peripheral lymph nodes. Recent studies have reported the expression of CCRL2 in different human cancer cell lines and tissues. However, its function and expression in prostate cancer has not been previously addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niradiz Reyes
- . Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia
- . Research Group of Genetics and Molecular Biology
| | - Ines Benedetti
- . Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia
- . Research Group of Histopathology
| | - Juan Rebollo
- . Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia
- . Research Group of Genetics and Molecular Biology
| | - Oscar Correa
- . Research Group of Genetics and Molecular Biology
| | - Jan Geliebter
- . School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Salimi P, Esmaeili A. The Role of Atypical Chemokine Receptor CCXCKR (CCRL1) in Human Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE IN MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.15171/ijbsm.2016.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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